| 1. |
- Felix, Janine F, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new susceptibility loci for childhood body mass index.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 25:2, s. 389-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A large number of genetic loci are associated with adult body mass index. However, the genetics of childhood body mass index are largely unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of childhood body mass index, using sex- and age-adjusted standard deviation scores. We included 35 668 children from 20 studies in the discovery phase and 11 873 children from 13 studies in the replication phase. In total, 15 loci reached genome-wide significance (P-value < 5 × 10(-8)) in the joint discovery and replication analysis, of which 12 are previously identified loci in or close to ADCY3, GNPDA2, TMEM18, SEC16B, FAIM2, FTO, TFAP2B, TNNI3K, MC4R, GPR61, LMX1B and OLFM4 associated with adult body mass index or childhood obesity. We identified three novel loci: rs13253111 near ELP3, rs8092503 near RAB27B and rs13387838 near ADAM23. Per additional risk allele, body mass index increased 0.04 Standard Deviation Score (SDS) [Standard Error (SE) 0.007], 0.05 SDS (SE 0.008) and 0.14 SDS (SE 0.025), for rs13253111, rs8092503 and rs13387838, respectively. A genetic risk score combining all 15 SNPs showed that each additional average risk allele was associated with a 0.073 SDS (SE 0.011, P-value = 3.12 × 10(-10)) increase in childhood body mass index in a population of 1955 children. This risk score explained 2% of the variance in childhood body mass index. This study highlights the shared genetic background between childhood and adult body mass index and adds three novel loci. These loci likely represent age-related differences in strength of the associations with body mass index.
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| 2. |
- Guan, Jikui, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical response of the novel activating ALK-I1171T mutation in neuroblastoma to the ALK inhibitor ceritinib.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studies. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 2373-2873. ; 4:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tumors with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) fusion rearrangements, including non-small cell lung cancer and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, are highly sensitive to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), underscoring the notion that such cancers are addicted to ALK activity. While mutations in ALK are heavily implicated in childhood neuroblastoma, response to the ALK TKI crizotinib has been disappointing. Embryonal tumors in patients with DNA repair defects such as Fanconi anemia (FA) often have a poor prognosis, due to lack of therapeutic options. Here we report a child with underlying FA and ALK mutant high-risk neuroblastoma responding strongly to precision therapy with the ALK TKI ceritinib. Conventional chemotherapy treatment caused severe, life-threatening toxicity. Genomic analysis of the initial biopsy identified germ-line FANCA mutations as well as a novel ALK-I1171T variant. ALK-I1171T generates a potent gain-of-function mutant, as measured in PC12 cell neurite outgrowth and NIH3T3 transformation. Pharmacological inhibition profiling of ALK-I1171T in response to various ALK TKIs identified an 11-fold improved inhibition of ALK-I1171T with ceritinib when compared with crizotinib. Immunoaffinity-coupled LC-MS/MS phosphoproteomics analysis indicated a decrease in ALK signaling in response to ceritinib. Ceritinib was therefore selected for treatment in this child. Mono-therapy with ceritinib was well tolerated and resulted in normalized catecholamine markers and tumor shrinkage. After 7.5 months treatment, residual primary tumor was surgically removed and exhibited hallmarks of differentiation together with reduced Ki67 levels. Clinical follow-up after 21 months treatment revealed complete clinical remission including all metastatic sites. Therefore, ceritinib presents a viable therapeutic option for ALK-positive neuroblastoma.
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| 3. |
- Jacobsson, Diana, 1974
(författare)
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Bruised by the Invisible Hand. A critical examination of journalistic representations and the naturalization of neoliberal ideology in times of Industrial crisis.
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract This dissertation revolves around questions that are central to the field of media and journalism research, questions about journalism and ideology, about journalistic agency and autonomy, and the room for maneuver and vulnerability of journalism today. The purpose of the study is to examine how neoliberal discourse operates in news media reporting of industrial crisis. Departing from critical theory and critical discourse analysis, the study suggests that how neoliberal discourse operates in the journalistic understanding of the relationship between state, labor and capital, becomes visible in the way that questions of rights and responsibilities connected to workers, politics and the business elite are shaped in a situation where mass unemployment is the expected outcome. The study therefore focuses on the negotiation and correspondence between the neoliberal and journalistic logic and comprises three empirical analyses of the journalistic representation of the working class, politics and business elite in the news coverage of the closing of a large Swedish factory in the early 2010s. The first substudy makes a historical comparison with news coverage during the textile industry crisis in the late 1970s and draws attention to how news journalism today dismantles the working class by the construction of discourses that prevent political and collective action. The second substudy identifies a firm neoliberal posture promoted by the right-wing government in conjunction with the first signs of crisis – and the disappearance of the question of political responsibility in the later news coverage concerning the closure of the factory. The third substudy illuminates how the clear labor perspective in the journalistic construction during the textile industry crisis in the 1970s is replaced by a dominant market perspective and a very lenient journalistic posture towards the economic elite in today’s news reporting. Taken together, the study suggests that the way the relation between state, labor and capital is understood and expressed in the representation of the working class, politics and the economic elite indicates a naturalization of the neoliberal ideology with few avenues for another understanding of rights and responsibilities in an industrial crisis. The study points to an ideological closure where alternative interpretations and representations seem to be beyond the reach or ability of mainstream journalism.
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| 4. |
- Jacobsson, Diana, 1974
(författare)
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Business Elite Competition or a Common Concern? Journalistic representations of industrial crises in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 19:1, s. 105-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines how mainstream news journalism reported a recent industrial crisis in Sweden (2011) and compares it with the journalistic construction of a similar crisis in the late 1970s. Analysis shows that the one-dimensional news coverage today fails to contextualize the crisis, preferring instead to report the surface drama and exalt the competitiveness of the economic elite. In this oversimplified understanding and construction of a crisis, journalism neglects certain aspects and focuses on matters relating solely to the market. The political and labor perspective highlighted in the crisis coverage of the 1970s is missing in more recent reports. The different voices discussing the causes, characteristics, consequences and solutions of crisis in the industry four decades ago have been replaced by several economic or market experts representing broadly the same perspective; a narrow business understanding of what is at stake, how a crisis can be solved as well as by whom. The class aspect, along with the democratic implications when the interests of the working class and the view of industry as an arena for labor are largely neglected by mainstream news journalism, are highlighted in the study.
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| 5. |
- Jacobsson, Diana, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Dismantling discourses: compassion, coping and consumption in journalistic representations of the working class
- 2016
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Ingår i: Critical Discourse Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1740-5904 .- 1740-5912. ; 13:4, s. 379-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate empirically how workers and other ordinary citizens are represented in the news during crises in the Swedish labor market in two different political contexts: the textile industry crisis in the 1970s and the automobile industry crisis in the 2010s. The study suggests that journalism constructs dismantling discourses by focusing on the three main themes of compassion, coping, and consumption in the representation of the working class. The news discourses close down rather than open up possibilities of agency for the workers as hoping, coping, and shopping seem to be the only alternatives available for them in times of crisis. Based on this empirical study, we seek to highlight the relationship between the news discourse, power, and ideology. We also put forward the question of whether journalism could do their construction of crisis differently. We claim that journalism and journalism studies need a discussion about what are the possible perspectives and the dead discourses when journalism constructs a story.
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| 6. |
- Jacobsson, Diana
(författare)
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In the name of (Un)sustainability : A critical analysis of how neoliberal ideology operates through discourses about sustainable progress and equality
- 2019
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Ingår i: tripleC. - : TripleC. - 1726-670X. ; 17:1, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines sustainable development discourses while addressing the unsustainable structures within which these discourses take place. The main research question concerns how sustainability is understood in relation to class and capitalism and what ideologies are expressed as neutral in the anodyne context of public information. Critical discourse analysis is applied as a method to examine how sustainable development is shaped through the construction of problems, responsibilities and solutions in a Swedish municipal magazine. The analysis reveals two parallel constructions: hyper-politicised discourses about free enterprise and a trivialisation of discourses about socio-economic challenges. Texts about social care and social responsibility are represented in the form of banal politics, transforming conflict into consensus, while stories about the business sector rely heavily on market rationales stressing the importance of political intervention to increase the attractive power of entrepreneurialism. Taking Critical Theory as its starting point, the analysis discusses the neoliberal paradox, namely that in the neoliberal political regime, despite the rhetoric of individualism and freedom, the role of the state is to support private enterprises. The article argues that the role of communication needs further analytical attention to increase our understanding of how sustainability is shaped and established in mainstream public discourse. It concludes that the specific communication practice examined here promotes neoliberal capitalism by encouraging the continued unsustainable class structuring of our society. © 2019, Unified Theory of Information Research Group. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Ljungstrom, L., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of commercial nucleic acid amplification tests in patients with suspected sepsis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bmc Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2334. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sepsis is a serious medical condition requiring timely administered, appropriate antibiotic therapy. Blood culture is regarded as the gold standard for aetiological diagnosis of sepsis, but it suffers from low sensitivity and long turnaround time. Thus, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have emerged to shorten the time to identification of causative microbes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility in everyday practice in the emergency department of two commercial NAATs in patients suspected with sepsis. Methods: During a six-week period, blood samples were collected consecutively from all adult patients admitted to the general emergency department for suspicion of a community-onset sepsis and treated with intravenous antibiotics. Along with conventional blood cultures, multiplex PCR (Magicplex (TM)) was performed on whole blood specimens whereas portions from blood culture bottles were used for analysis by microarray-based assay (Prove-it (TM)). The aetiological significance of identified organisms was determined by two infectious disease physicians based on clinical presentation and expected pathogenicity. Results: Among 382 episodes of suspected sepsis, clinically relevant microbes were detected by blood culture in 42 episodes (11%), by multiplex PCR in 37 episodes (9.7%), and by microarray in 32 episodes (8.4%). Although moderate agreement with blood culture (kappa 0.50), the multiplex PCR added diagnostic value by timely detection of 15 clinically relevant findings in blood culture-negative specimens. Results of the microarray corresponded very well to those of blood culture (kappa 0.90), but were available just marginally prior to blood culture results. Conclusions: The use of NAATs on whole blood specimens in adjunct to current culture-based methods provides a clinical add-on value by allowing for detection of organisms missed by blood culture. However, the aetiological significance of findings detected by NAATs should be interpreted with caution as the high analytical sensitivity may add findings that do not necessarily corroborate with the clinical diagnosis.
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| 8. |
- Ljungstrom, L., et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Early recognition is a key factor to achieve improved outcomes for septic patients. Combinations of biomarkers, as opposed to single ones, may improve timely diagnosis and survival. We investigated the performance characteristics of sepsis biomarkers, alone and in combination, for diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis using Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria, respectively. Procalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate were determined in a total of 1,572 episodes of adult patients admitted to the emergency department on suspicion of sepsis. All sampling were performed prior to antibiotic administration. Discriminant analysis was used to construct two composite biomarkers consisting of linear combinations of the investigated biomarkers, one including three selected biomarkers (i.e., NLCR, CRP, and lactate), and another including all four (i.e., PCT, NLCR, CRP, and lactate). The diagnostic performances of the composite biomarkers as well as the individual biomarkers were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). For diagnosis of bacterial sepsis based on Sepsis-3 criteria, the AUC for PCT (0.68; 95% CI 0.65-0.71) was comparable to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. Using the Sepsis- 2 criteria for bacterial sepsis diagnosis, the AUC for the NLCR (0.68; 95% CI 0.65-0.71) but not for the other single biomarkers, was equal to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. For diagnosis of severe bacterial sepsis or septic shock based on the Sepsis-2criteria, the AUCs for both composite biomarkers were significantly greater than those of the single biomarkers (0.85; 95% CI 0.82-0.88 for the composite three-biomarker, and 0.86; 95% CI 0.83-0.89 for the composite four-biomarker). Combinations of biomarkers can improve the diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis in the most critically ill patients, but in less severe septic conditions either the NLCR or PCT alone exhibit equivalent performance.
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