| 1. |
- Ruggeri, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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The general fault in our fault lines
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-3374. ; 5:10, s. 1369-1380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pervading global narratives suggest that political polarization is increasing, yet the accuracy of such group meta-perceptions has been drawn into question. A recent US study suggests that these beliefs are inaccurate and drive polarized beliefs about out-groups. However, it also found that informing people of inaccuracies reduces those negative beliefs. In this work, we explore whether these results generalize to other countries. To achieve this, we replicate two of the original experiments with 10,207 participants across 26 countries. We focus on local group divisions, which we refer to as fault lines. We find broad generalizability for both inaccurate meta-perceptions and reduced negative motive attribution through a simple disclosure intervention. We conclude that inaccurate and negative group meta-perceptions are exhibited in myriad contexts and that informing individuals of their misperceptions can yield positive benefits for intergroup relations. Such generalizability highlights a robust phenomenon with implications for political discourse worldwide.
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| 2. |
- Ruggeri, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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The globalizability of temporal discounting
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Springer Nature. - 2397-3374. ; 6:10, s. 1386-1397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Economic inequality is associated with preferences for smaller, immediate gains over larger, delayed ones. Such temporal discounting may feed into rising global inequality, yet it is unclear whether it is a function of choice preferences or norms, or rather the absence of sufficient resources for immediate needs. It is also not clear whether these reflect true differences in choice patterns between income groups. We tested temporal discounting and five intertemporal choice anomalies using local currencies and value standards in 61 countries (N = 13,629). Across a diverse sample, we found consistent, robust rates of choice anomalies. Lower-income groups were not significantly different, but economic inequality and broader financial circumstances were clearly correlated with population choice patterns. Ruggeri et al. find in a study of 61 countries that temporal discounting patterns are globally generalizable. Worse financial environments, greater inequality and high inflation are associated with extreme or inconsistent long-term decisions.
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| 3. |
- Burroughs, Brady, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Lorde for Architecture Students
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As a continuation of the series Feminist Thinkers for Architects, architect/artist Afaina de Jong, in collaboration with CLAIMING*SPACES and master’s architecture students at TU Wien, has developed the second fanzine, Lorde for Architecture Students. Throwing shade at the homogenous selection of thinkers in the 18 current titles of Routledge’s Thinkers for Architects, this publication acts as a comment on- and complement to the original series.Developed online (w/Covid restrictions) during spring 2021 and concluding with the second CLAIMING*SPACES Conference - Whose History? in spring 2022, the fanzine aims to connect key themes (silence, dismantling, difference, the erotic, anger) from five essays in Audre Lorde’s book Sister Outsider (1984) to everyday situations of the architecture student. It calls for architects and architectural educators to “do the work” to imagine spaces of freedom.
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| 4. |
- Fazey, Ioan, et al.
(författare)
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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth : Visions of future systems and how to get there
- 2020
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Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.
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| 5. |
- Larsen, Jakob Juul, et al.
(författare)
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Removal of Powerline Noise in Geophysical Datasets With a Scientific Machine-Learning Based Approach
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. - 0196-2892. ; 60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common noise in geophysical data is probably interference from powerlines. This noise manifests itself as a sinusoidal signal oscillating at the fundamental 50 or 60 Hz frequency of the power grid and as harmonic components oscillating at integer multiples. Many different mitigation strategies, tailored for the specific geophysical method, have been developed to target powerline noise. One method that applies to fully sampled data is model-based subtraction, where a model of the powerline noise is fit to the noisy dataset and subsequently subtracted. In most cases, this leads to significant improvements in the signal-to-noise ratio. However, the determination of the powerline model parameters, in particular the fundamental powerline frequency, is computationally expensive, as it requires repeated solutions of a least-squares problem. We demonstrate that the powerline frequency can be directly predicted with a scientific machine-learning-based approach. We work on both time domain-induced polarization and surface nuclear magnetic resonance data. We use a different network for each method to trade-off prediction accuracy and prediction speed. In both cases, the prediction accuracy is fully on par with standard methods, and we obtain speed-ups by factors of 400 and 10 for the two types of data.
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| 6. |
- Lauring, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Openness towards language differences and cultural differences in multicultural teams: How do they interact?
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of International Management. - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1751-6757 .- 1751-6765.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we address how different types of positive attitude towards international diversity among team members can influence team outcomes. Our study explores whether openness to language diversity could contribute to the effect of openness to value diversity becoming more salient. Data was collected from 1085 team leaders of highly globalised academic research teams in the Nordic region. The results show a significant and positive effect of openness to different cultural values on team outcomes. Furthermore, in teams rated more open to language diversity, the impact of openness to value diversity on team performance is enhanced. Effects of different types of diversity attitude have been assessed in extant literature. No prior studies, however, have focused on the interaction between the different types of diversity attitude. This is an important omission because one type of diversity attitude could function as a boundary condition for other types of diversity attitude.
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