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- Henriksson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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I vetenskapens namn : Ett minnesarbete
- 2000
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Ingår i: Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift. - Stockholm : Föreningen Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift. - 0348-8365. ; :1, s. 5-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Dahlin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Transfer of dopamine in the olfactory pathway following nasal administration in mice
- 2000
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutical research. - 0724-8741 .- 1573-904X. ; 17:6, s. 737-742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether dopamine is transferred along the olfactory pathway to the brain following nasal administration to mice. METHODS: [3H]-Dopamine was administered nasally or intravenously to female mice. Brain tissue samples were excised and the radioactive content was measured. The precise localisation of dopamine radioactivity in the brain was studied using autoradiography. The presence of dopamine or its metabolites in the olfactory bulb and mucosa was ascertained using thin layer chromatography (TLC). RESULTS: After administration of [3H]-dopamine into the right nostril, the amount of dopamine in the right bulb increased with time until. after 4 h, it was 27 times higher than in the left bulb. Among the other brain tissue samples, significantly higher amount of radioactivity was detected in the lateral olfactory tract. Radioactivity in the right olfactory bulb was shown by autoradiography to be selectively located in the peripheral layers 1 to 4 h after administration. Selective uptake of radioactivity was not seen in other regions of the brain. TLC data indicated that approximately 75% and 10% of the radioactivity in the olfactory bulb and mucosa, respectively, coeluted with dopamine. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that unchanged dopamine is transferred into the olfactory bulb following nasal administration of [3H]-dopamine.
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- Henriksson, Maria L., et al.
(författare)
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Exoenzyme S shows selective ADP-ribosylation and GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activities towards small GTPases in vivo
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - : Portland Press. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 367:3, s. 617-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intracellular targeting of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxins exoenzyme S (ExoS) and exoenzyme T (ExoT) initially results in disruption of the actin microfilament structure of eukaryotic cells. ExoS and ExoT are bifunctional cytotoxins, with N-terminal GTPase-activating protein (GAP) and C-terminal ADP-ribosyltransferase activities. We show that ExoS can modify multiple GTPases of the Ras superfamily in vivo. In contrast, ExoT shows no ADP-ribosylation activity towards any of the GTPases tested in vivo. We further examined ExoS targets in vivo and observed that ExoS modulates the activity of several of these small GTP-binding proteins, such as Ras, Rap1, Rap2, Ral, Rac1, RhoA and Cdc42. We suggest that ExoS is the major ADP-ribosyltransferase protein modulating small GTPase function encoded by P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, we show that the GAP activity of ExoS abrogates the activation of RhoA, Cdc42 and Rap1.
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| 10. |
- Jansson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Elispot assay detection of cytokine secretion in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-β1a or glatiramer acetate compared with untreated patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Multiple Sclerosis Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1352-4585 .- 1477-0970. ; 9:5, s. 440-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mechanisms behind the beneficial effects of interferon-β1a (IFN-β1a) and glatiramer acetate (GA) in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) are still uncertain. Altered cytokine patterns have been suggested including inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines like interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and enhancement of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4). Twenty-nine patients with MS (10 untreated, nine treated with IFN-β1a and 10 with GA) were investigated with elispot of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Spontaneous and myelin induced (myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-14-39 and MOG 63-87) IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 secretion was studied. We found a significant reduction of spontaneous IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5, but no difference in IL-10 secreting cells in both groups of treated patients compared with the untreated patients. Myelin-specific responses showed a significant decrease of IFN-γ and an increase of IL-5, but no change in IL-4 and IL-10 secreting cells in treated compared with untreated patients. Both treatment groups revealed similar cytokine secretion patterns except for a more pronounced decrease of both spontaneous and MOG 14-39 induced IL-4 secretion in the IFN-β1a treated group. Thus, immunological effects of IFN-β1a and GA were similar showing that disease promoting Th1 (IFN-γ) cells were reduced while the potentially beneficial Th2 response (IL-4) was maintained.
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