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| 2. |
- Makitie, R. E., et al.
(författare)
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Skeletal Characteristics of WNT1 Osteoporosis in Children and Young Adults
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 31:9, s. 1734-1742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- WNT proteins comprise a 19-member glycoprotein family that act in several developmental and regenerative processes. In bone, WNT proteins regulate osteoblast differentiation and maintain bone health by activating the canonical WNT/-catenin pathway. We reported a heterozygous missense mutation c.652T>G (p.C218G) in WNT1 exon 4 as the cause for severe early-onset, autosomal dominant osteoporosis. The initial study concerned a large Finnish family with 10 affected adults. Here we report clinical findings of the WNT1 osteoporosis in 8 children and young adults (median age 14 years; range 10 to 30 years) in two families, all with the p.C218G mutation in WNT1. Clinical assessments showed no apparent dysmorphia or features similar to typical osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Biochemistry revealed no changes in parameters of calcium metabolism and bone turnover markers. Fracture frequencies varied, but all subjects had sustained at least one fracture and 4 had a pathological fracture history. Plain radiographs showed osteopenic appearance, loss in vertebral height, and thin diaphyses of the long bones. Bone densitometry showed the BMD to be below normal median in all subjects and the bone mass deficit seemed to be more severe in older participants. Bone histomorphometry revealed a low turnover osteoporosis in 2 subjects at ages 14 and 16 years. These findings are congruent with earlier findings in adult patients and indicate that WNT1 osteoporosis causes significant skeletal changes already in early childhood and impairs bone mass gain during pubertal years. Genetic testing of children or close relatives of affected individuals is recommended for appropriate preventive measures. (c) 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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| 3. |
- Hossain, Aftab M M, et al.
(författare)
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Traffic offloading based energy saving market for cellular operators
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2017. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781509015252 ; , s. 97-102
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Larger share of total energy consumed by mobile network operators (MNOs) is wasted to ensure seamless coverage. Three to six MNOs covering the same geographical area results in even more energy waste. Division of scarce resource, i.e., spectrum into small chunks also deteriorates the overall performance. With exponential growth of the traffic and insignificant marginal revenue, it is time for the regulators and MNOs to resort to new ideas in order to reduce operational cost and devise appropriate mechanisms to ensure business as well as environmental sustainability. In this paper, we propose a double auction based energy saving market where MNOs share coverage and spectrum to save energy. In this market each MNO submits bid and asks to an independent auctioneer simultaneously. The bid is the offer to offload its total traffic to some other MNO along with releasing its own spectrum to be used by the latter. Similarly, the ask is the offer by a MNO to accept excess load along with the spectrum. The auctioneer matches the bids and asks, determines the trading price and makes the offloading decisions to minimize the total energy consumption. We show that even though the information is hidden among the MNOs, this mechanism allows the MNOs to save significant percentage of energy.
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| 4. |
- Hossain, M. M. Aftab, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic capacity sharing based energy saving market for MNOs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Globecom 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781509050192
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the larger share of total energy consumed by mobile network operators (MNOs) is wasted in order to ensure coverage, three to five MNOs covering the same geographical area results in enormous energy waste. In order to cater for the data tsunami with almost zero marginal revenue, required densification of cells are not sustainable from both Capex and Opex perspective. Even with densification of networks, it is hard to satisfy the performance requirement of the cell edge users due to interference. However, the performance can be upgraded as well as energy can be saved by the offloading of the cell edge users to other MNOs if regulator and MNOs resort to appropriate mechanism. In our previous work, we proposed a double auction based energy saving market mechanism where MNOs participate in bidding to share coverage and capacity in order to save energy, especially during low to medium load. Unlike previous work, in this paper we use this mechanism that involve cell level bidding, i.e., cells bid for each user which not only allows total offloading of the cells at the low load but also offloading of cell edge users among the MNOs during high load. As a result, the energy saving potential becomes very high also at high load conditions along with improvement in performance of cell edge users.
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| 5. |
- Hossain, M. M. Aftab, et al.
(författare)
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Energy-Efficient Load-Adaptive Massive MIMO
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE GLOBECOM WORKSHOPS (GC WKSHPS). - 9781467395267
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Massive MIMO is a promising technique to meet the exponential growth of global mobile data traffic demand. However, contrary to the current systems, energy consumption of next generation networks is required to be load adaptive as the network load varies significantly throughout the day. In this paper, we propose a load adaptive massive MIMO system that varies the number of antennas following the daily load profile (DLP) in order to maximize the downlink energy efficiency (EE). A multi- cell system is considered where each base station (BS) is equipped with a large number of antennas to serve many single antenna users. In order to incorporate DLP, each BS is modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue under the assumption that the network is dimensioned to serve a maximum number of users at the peak load. For a given number of users in a cell, the optimum number of active antennas maximizing EE is derived. The EE maximization problem is formulated in a game theoretic framework where the number of antennas to be used by a BS is determined through best response iteration. This load adaptive system achieves overall 19% higher EE compared to a baseline system where the BSs always run with the fixed number of antennas that is most energy efficient at peak load and that can be switched-off when there is no traffic.
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| 6. |
- Hossain, M. M. Aftab, et al.
(författare)
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Energy Saving Game for Massive MIMO : Coping With Daily Load Variation
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0018-9545 .- 1939-9359. ; 67:3, s. 2301-2313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Massive MIMO (MM) is one of the leading technologies that can cater for very high capacity demand. However, energy consumption of MM systems needs to be load adaptive in order to cope with the significant temporal load variations (TLV) over a day. In this paper, we propose a game-theoretic model for studying load adaptive multicell massive MIMO system where each base station (BS) adapts the number of antennas to the TLV in order to maximize the downlink energy efficiency (EE). The utility function considered here is defined as the number of bits transferred per Joule of energy. In order to incorporate the TLV, the load at each BS is modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue under the assumption that the network is dimensioned to serve a maximum number of users at the peak load. The EE maximization problem is formulated in a game theoretic framework where the number of antennas to be used by a BS is determined through the best response iteration. This load adaptive system achieves around 24% higher EE and saves around 40% energy compared to a baseline system where the BSs always run with the fixed number of antennas that is most energy efficient at the peak load and that can be switched OFF when there is no traffic.
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| 7. |
- Hossain, M. M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Energy saving market for mobile operators
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop, ICCW 2015. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781467363051 ; , s. 2856-2861
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ensuring seamless coverage accounts for the lion's share of the energy consumed in a mobile network. Overlapping coverage of three to five mobile network operators (MNOs) results in enormous amount of energy waste which is avoidable. The traffic demands of the mobile networks vary significantly throughout the day. As the offered load for all networks are not same at a given time and the differences in energy consumption at different loads are significant, multi-MNO capacity/coverage sharing can dramatically reduce energy consumption of mobile networks and provide the MNOs a cost effective means to cope with the exponential growth of traffic. In this paper, we propose an energy saving market for a multi-MNO network scenario. As the competing MNOs are not comfortable with information sharing, we propose a double auction clearinghouse market mechanism where MNOs sell and buy capacity in order to minimize energy consumption. In our setting, each MNO proposes its bids and asks simultaneously for buying and selling multi-unit capacities respectively to an independent auctioneer, i.e., clearinghouse and ends up either as a buyer or as a seller in each round. We show that the mechanism allows the MNOs to save significant percentage of energy cost throughout a wide range of network load. Different than other energy saving features such as cell sleep or antenna muting which can not be enabled at heavy traffic load, dynamic capacity sharing allows MNOs to handle traffic bursts with energy saving opportunity.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Krauss, Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Preventive medicine of von Hippel-Lindau disease-associated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
- 2018
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Ingår i: Endocrine-Related Cancer. - : BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD. - 1351-0088 .- 1479-6821. ; 25:9, s. 783-793
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are rare in von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) but cause serious morbidity and mortality. Management guidelines for VHL-PanNETs continue to be based on limited evidence, and survival data to guide surgical management are lacking. We established the European-American-Asian-VHL-PanNET-Registry to assess data for risks for metastases, survival and long-term outcomes to provide best management recommendations. Of 2330 VHL patients, 273 had a total of 484 PanNETs. Median age at diagnosis of PanNET was 35 years (range 10-75). Fifty-five (20%) patients had metastatic PanNETs. Metastatic PanNETs were significantly larger (median size 5 vs 2 cm; P < 0.001) and tumor volume doubling time (TVDT) was faster (22 vs 126 months; P = 0.001). All metastatic tumors were >= 2.8 cm. Codons 161 and 167 were hotspots for VHL germline mutations with enhanced risk for metastatic PanNETs. Multivariate prediction modeling disclosed maximum tumor diameter and TVDT as significant predictors for metastatic disease (positive and negative predictive values of 51% and 100% for diameter cut-off >= 2.8 cm, 44% and 91% for TVDT cut-off of <= 24 months). In 117 of 273 patients, PanNETs > 1.5 cm in diameter were operated. Ten-year survival was significantly longer in operated vs non-operated patients, in particular for PanNETs < 2.8 cm vs >= 2.8 cm (94% vs 85% by 10 years; P = 0.020; 80% vs 50% at 10 years; P = 0.030). This study demonstrates that patients with PanNET approaching the cut-off diameter of 2.8 cm should be operated. Mutations in exon 3, especially of codons 161/167 are at enhanced risk for metastatic PanNETs. Survival is significantly longer in operated non-metastatic VHL-PanNETs.
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| 10. |
- Sung, Ki Won, 1913-, et al.
(författare)
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PriMO-5G : Making firefighting smarter with immersive videos through 5G
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IEEE 5G World Forum, 5GWF 2019. - : IEEE. - 9781728136271 ; , s. 280-285
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce PriMO-5G which is an EU-Korea collaboration project studying the use of 5G technologies and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones to enhance the safety and efficiency of firefighting operations. We start by describing envisaged use cases of smart firefighting focusing on how the 5G communications with drones can help the firefighting. Inspired by the use cases, we identify several research challenges that call for new solutions in 5G radios and cores for mission-critical services. Then, a discussion of a new framework for defining key performance indicators (KPIs) follows. Finally, we introduce our effort and future plans for the demonstration of the technologies that the PriMO-5G develops.
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