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- Carlborg, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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A global search reveals epistatic interaction between QTL for early growth in the chicken.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Genome Research. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1088-9051 .- 1549-5469. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) explaining a large proportion of the variation in body weights at different ages and growth between chronological ages in an F(2) intercross between red junglefowl and White Leghorn chickens. QTL were mapped using forward selection for loci with significant marginal genetic effects and with a simultaneous search for epistatic QTL pairs. We found 22 significant loci contributing to these traits, nine of these were only found by the simultaneous two-dimensional search, which demonstrates the power of this approach for detecting loci affecting complex traits. We have also estimated the relative contribution of additive, dominance, and epistasis effects to growth and the contribution of epistasis was more pronounced prior to 46 days of age, whereas additive genetic effects explained the major portion of the genetic variance later in life. Several of the detected loci affected either early or late growth but not both. Very few loci affected the entire growth process, which points out that early and late growth, at least to some extent, have different genetic regulation.
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| 3. |
- Grelz, Karin, 1961-
(författare)
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Beyond the noise of time : readings of Marina Tsvetaeva’s memories of childhood
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although quite a few researchers have pointed to the significance of the childhood theme in Tsvetaeva’s work, no systematic analysis of her work has been done from this perspective. Nor have her childhood reminiscences been treated as a thematically consistent whole, but have rather been read as instances of the poet’s prose in general. The present study examines Marina Tsvetaeva’s memories of childhood in the context of her work and in the context of the cultural and political reality to which these reminiscences refer and in which they were written—i.e., Russia around the turn of the century and the Russian émigré world of 1930–1937.In the introductory investigation of the presence of the childhood theme in Tsvetaeva’s oeuvre, it is found that idealization of the naive, innocent state is a relatively constant feature and that the childhood memories can be read as a culmination of this set of motives. It is also stated that Tsvetaeva’s continuous striving in her poetry away from the world, out of time, is an integral part of the childhood thematics. This tendency is traced, in connection with the childhood theme, to the influence of writers of the late Russian Symbolist movement as well as to Boris Pasternak and Rainer Maria Rilke—all with roots in literary Romanticism. Childhood is moreover found to be something of a key theme that reveals fundamental differences in the relation to memory and language among the authors of Russian modernism. In Tsvetaeva' s case it is shown that her childhood memories contain the romantic essence of her aesthetics.The study also touches upon the symbolic and allegorical dimension of the texts—Tsvetaeva’s “otherspeak” in her prose. It is shown that the central scenes of these texts can be read as illustrations of an artistic and linguistic experience. In this regard the author’s narrative of childhood also appears to have been a suitable medium for articulating controversial aesthetic statements and taking a stand for an historical past and literary tradition that at the time seemed doomed to oblivion.
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| 4. |
- Jensen, B, et al.
(författare)
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Temperament and acceptance of dental treatment under sedation in preschool children
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 60:4, s. 231-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The major aim of the study was to investigate whether differences concerning acceptance of dental treatment and amnesia after rectal sedation with midazolam can be explained by temperament traits in the child. Fifty children (1.5- 4.0 years), consecutively referred for dental extractions because of dental trauma or caries, were sedated with midazolam 0.3 mg kg(1) rectally. Level of sedation (state of mind) was assessed according to Wilton before and 10 min after administration of the sedative. The children's acceptance of procedures during the oral examination, the administration of the sedative, and the dental treatment were assessed according to Holst. Acceptance of an injection of local anesthesia and tooth extraction was dichotomized as satisfactory (n = 26) or unsatisfactory (n = 24). The parent assessed temperament using the Emotionality Activity Sociability (EAS) Scale of Child Temperament. Amnesia was evaluated by the parent on the following day. The relation between temperament and outcome variables was analyzed using a multiple logistic regression analysis. Children regarded as shy by the parent were at significantly greater risk of unsatisfactory acceptance of the dental treatment (P < 0.05). High scores of negative emotionality were significantly related to less amnesia (P < 0.05). We conclude that parental ratings of their child's temperament are valuable in predicting a child's acceptance of dental treatment under sedation.
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| 5. |
- Keeling, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Chicken genomics : feather-pecking and victim pigmentation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 431:7009
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Feather-pecking in domestic birds is associated with cannibalism and severe welfare problems. It is a dramatic example of a spiteful behaviour in which the victim's fitness is reduced for no immediate direct benefit to the perpetrator and its evolution is unexplained. Here we show that the plumage pigmentation of a chicken may predispose it to become a victim: birds suffer more drastic feather-pecking when the colour of their plumage is due to the expression of a wild recessive allele at PMEL17, a gene that controls plumage melanization, and when these birds are relatively common in a flock. These findings, obtained using an intercross between a domestic fowl and its wild ancestor, have implications for the welfare of domestic species and offer insight into the genetic changes associated with the evolution of feather-pecking during the early stages of domestication.
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| 9. |
- Persdotter Hedlund, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal antigen 1 (FA1) in the adult rat adrenal gland, ovary and pituitary gland
- 2003
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Ingår i: In Vivo. - 0258-851X .- 1791-7549. ; 17:1, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fetal antigen 1 (FA1) is a circulating glycoprotein containing six epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats. FA1's larger membrane-bound precursor is defined by the cDNAs referred to as either human delta-like (dlk) or human adrenal specific cDNA, pG2. In rodents FA1 has also been studied under the names of preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1), and zona glomerulosa-specific factor (ZOG). FA1 is abundantly expressed in fetal tissues, but in the mature cells of the adult organism the tissue presence of the protein seems to be restricted to neuroendocrine tissues. The present study demonstrates FA1 localisation in endocrine tissues of the adult female rat in which the protein was found present in the medulla and the zona glomerulosa of the cortex of the adrenal glands, in the pars distalis of the adenohypophysis, and in the ovarian granulosa lutein cells. No staining was found in the pancreas, which is in contrast to what has been described in the human.
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