| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Wang, H. D., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
- 2017
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Ingår i: Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 390:10100, s. 1084-1150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016. Methods We have evaluated how well civil registration systems captured deaths using a set of demographic methods called death distribution methods for adults and from consideration of survey and census data for children younger than 5 years. We generated an overall assessment of completeness of registration of deaths by dividing registered deaths in each location-year by our estimate of all-age deaths generated from our overall estimation process. For 163 locations, including subnational units in countries with a population greater than 200 million with complete vital registration (VR) systems, our estimates were largely driven by the observed data, with corrections for small fluctuations in numbers and estimation for recent years where there were lags in data reporting (lags were variable by location, generally between 1 year and 6 years). For other locations, we took advantage of different data sources available to measure under-5 mortality rates (U5MR) using complete birth histories, summary birth histories, and incomplete VR with adjustments; we measured adult mortality rate (the probability of death in individuals aged 15-60 years) using adjusted incomplete VR, sibling histories, and household death recall. We used the U5MR and adult mortality rate, together with crude death rate due to HIV in the GBD model life table system, to estimate age-specific and sex-specific death rates for each location-year. Using various international databases, we identified fatal discontinuities, which we defined as increases in the death rate of more than one death per million, resulting from conflict and terrorism, natural disasters, major transport or technological accidents, and a subset of epidemic infectious diseases; these were added to estimates in the relevant years. In 47 countries with an identified peak adult prevalence for HIV/AIDS of more than 0.5% and where VR systems were less than 65% complete, we informed our estimates of age-sex-specific mortality using the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP)-Spectrum model fitted to national HIV/AIDS prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance systems. We estimated stillbirths, early neonatal, late neonatal, and childhood mortality using both survey and VR data in spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models. We estimated abridged life tables for all location-years using age-specific death rates. We grouped locations into development quintiles based on the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and analysed mortality trends by quintile. Using spline regression, we estimated the expected mortality rate for each age-sex group as a function of SDI. We identified countries with higher life expectancy than expected by comparing observed life expectancy to anticipated life expectancy on the basis of development status alone. Findings Completeness in the registration of deaths increased from 28% in 1970 to a peak of 45% in 2013; completeness was lower after 2013 because of lags in reporting. Total deaths in children younger than 5 years decreased from 1970 to 2016, and slower decreases occurred at ages 5-24 years. By contrast, numbers of adult deaths increased in each 5-year age bracket above the age of 25 years. The distribution of annualised rates of change in age-specific mortality rate differed over the period 2000 to 2016 compared with earlier decades: increasing annualised rates of change were less frequent, although rising annualised rates of change still occurred in some locations, particularly for adolescent and younger adult age groups. Rates of stillbirths and under-5 mortality both decreased globally from 1970. Evidence for global convergence of death rates was mixed; although the absolute difference between age-standardised death rates narrowed between countries at the lowest and highest levels of SDI, the ratio of these death rates-a measure of relative inequality-increased slightly. There was a strong shift between 1970 and 2016 toward higher life expectancy, most noticeably at higher levels of SDI. Among countries with populations greater than 1 million in 2016, life expectancy at birth was highest for women in Japan, at 86.9 years (95% UI 86.7-87.2), and for men in Singapore, at 81.3 years (78.8-83.7) in 2016. Male life expectancy was generally lower than female life expectancy between 1970 and 2016, and the gap between male and female life expectancy increased with progression to higher levels of SDI. Some countries with exceptional health performance in 1990 in terms of the difference in observed to expected life expectancy at birth had slower progress on the same measure in 2016. Interpretation Globally, mortality rates have decreased across all age groups over the past five decades, with the largest improvements occurring among children younger than 5 years. However, at the national level, considerable heterogeneity remains in terms of both level and rate of changes in age-specific mortality; increases in mortality for certain age groups occurred in some locations. We found evidence that the absolute gap between countries in age-specific death rates has declined, although the relative gap for some age-sex groups increased. Countries that now lead in terms of having higher observed life expectancy than that expected on the basis of development alone, or locations that have either increased this advantage or rapidly decreased the deficit from expected levels, could provide insight into the means to accelerate progress in nations where progress has stalled. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2015
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Improved measurements of two-photon widths of the chi(cJ) states and helicity analysis for chi(c2) -> gamma gamma
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on 448.1 x 10(6) Psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the decays Psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ), chi(cJ) -> gamma gamma(J = 0, 1, 2) are studied. The decay branching fractions of chi(c0,2) -> gamma gamma are measured to be B(chi(c0) -> gamma gamma) = (1.93 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.05) x 10(-4) and B(chi(c2) -> gamma gamma) = (3.10 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.11) x 10(-4) which correspond to two-photon decay widths of Gamma(gamma gamma)(chi(c0)) = 2.03 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.13 keV and Gamma(gamma gamma)(chi(c2)) = 0.60 +/- 0.02 +/- 0.01 +/- 0.04 keV with a ratio of R = Gamma(gamma gamma)(chi(c2))/Gamma(gamma gamma)(chi(c0)) = 0.295 +/- 0.014 +/- 0.007 +/- 0.027, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic and associated with the uncertainties of B(Psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c0,2)) and the total widths Gamma(chi(c0,2)), respectively. For the forbidden decay of chi(c1) -> gamma gamma, no signal is observed, and an upper limit on the two-photon width is obtained to be Gamma(gamma gamma)(chi(c1)) < 5.3 eV at the 90% confidence level. The ratio of the two-photon widths between helicity-zero and helicity-two components in the decay chi(c2) -> gamma gamma is also measured to be f(0/2) = Gamma(lambda=0)(gamma gamma) (chi(c2))/Gamma(lambda=2)(gamma gamma) (chi(c2)) = (0.0 +/- 0.6 +/- 1.2) x 10(-2), where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
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| 6. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of χc2→η′η′ and χc0,2→ηη′
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 448.1×106 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector in 2009 and 2012, we study the decays χc0,2→η′η′ and ηη′. The decays χc2→η′η′, χc0→ηη′ and χc2→ηη′ are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 9.6σ, 13.4σ and 7.5σ, respectively. The branching fractions are determined to be B(χc0→η′η′)=(2.19±0.03±0.14)×10−3, B(χc2→η′η′)=(4.76±0.56±0.38)×10−5, B(χc0→ηη′)=(8.92±0.84±0.65)×10−5 and B(χc2→ηη′)=(2.27±0.43±0.25)×10−5, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The precision for the measurement of B(χc0→η′η′) is significantly improved compared to previous measurements. Based on the measured branching fractions, the role played by the doubly and singly Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka disconnected transition amplitudes for χc0,2 decays into pseudoscalar meson pairs can be clarified.
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| 7. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Study of two-photon decays of pseudoscalar mesons via J/Psi radiative decays
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 4.48 x 10(8) Psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we study the two-photon decays of the pseudoscalar mesons pi(0,) eta , eta' , eta(1405), eta(1475), eta(1760), and X(1835) in J/Psi radiative decays using Psi(3686) -> pi(+) pi(-) J/Psi events. The pi(0), eta, and eta' mesons are clearly observed in the two-photon mass spectra, and the branching fractions are determined to be B(J/Psi -> gamma pi(0) -> 3 gamma) = (3.57 +/- 0.12 +/- 0.16) x 10(-5), B(J/Psi -> gamma eta -> 3 gamma) = (4.42 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.18) x 10(-4), and B(J/Psi -> gamma eta' -> 2 gamma) = (1.26 +/- 0.02 +/- 0.05) x 10(-4), where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. No clear signal for eta(1405), eta(1475), eta(1760) or X(1835) is observed in the two- photon mass spectra, and upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the product branching fractions are obtained.
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| 8. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Study of J/ψ and ψ(3686) decay to Λ¯Λ and Σ0¯Σ0 final states
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 1310.6 x 10(6) J/psi and 447.9 x 10(6) psi (3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e(+)e(-) collider, the branching fractions and the angular distributions of J/psi and psi (3686) decays to Lambda(Lambda) over bar and Sigma(0)(Sigma) over tilde (0) final states are measured. The branching fractions are determined, with much improved precision, to be 19.43 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.33, 11.64 +/- 0.04 +/- 0.23, 3.97 +/- 0.02 +/- 0.12 and 2.44 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.11 for J/psi -> Lambda(Lambda) over bar -> Sigma(0)(Sigma) over tilde (0) , psi (3686) -> Lambda(Lambda) over bar and psi (3686) -> Sigma(0)(Sigma) over tilde (0), respectively. The polar angular distributions of psi (3686) decays are measured for the first time, while those of J/psi decays are measured with much improved precision. In addition, the ratios of branching fractions B(psi(3686)->Lambda(Lambda) over bar)/B(J/psi -> Lambda(Lambda) over bar) and B(psi(3686)->Sigma(0)(Sigma) over tilde (0))/B(J/psi ->Sigma(0)(Sigma) over tilde (0)) are determined to test the "12% rule."
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| 9. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Amplitude analysis of D0 → K -π+π+π-
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 95:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an amplitude analysis of the decay D0 → K -π+π+π- based on a data sample of 2.93 fb−1 acquired by the BESIII detector at the ψ(3770) resonance. With a nearly background free sample of about 16000 events, we investigate the substructure of the decay and determine the relative fractions and the phases among the different intermediate processes. Our amplitude model includes the two-body decays D0 → ¯K*0ρ0, D0 → K−a+1(1260) and D0 → K−1(1270)π+, the three-body decays D0 →¯K*0π+π− and D0 → K−π+ρ0, as well as the four-body nonresonant decay D0 → K−π+π+π−. The dominant intermediate process is D0 → K−a+1(1260), accounting for a fit fraction of 54.6%.
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| 10. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Branching fraction measurements of psi (3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a sample of 106 million psi(3686) decays, the branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c0), psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c1), and psi(3686) -> gamma chi(c2) are measured with improved precision to be (9.389 +/- 0.014 +/- 0.332) %, (9.905 +/- 0.011 +/- 0.353) %, and (9.621 +/- 0.013 +/- 0.272) %, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product branching fractions of (psi 3686) -> gamma chi(c1), chi(c1) -> gamma J/psi (3686) -> gamma chi(c2), chi(c2) -> gamma J/psi and the branching fractions of chi(c1) -> gamma J/psi and chi(c2) -> gamma J/psi are also presented.
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