| 1. |
- Schiessling, Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Synchrotron radiation study of the electronic structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 15:38, s. 6563-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present photoelectron (PE) and x-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of macroscopically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes. We identify the peaks in the valence PE spectra with regions of high density of states through comparison to calculations for graphite. Finally, we outline and illustrate a simple method for using XAS to determine the average alignment of a nanotube sample.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Dupuy, E., et al.
(författare)
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Strato-mesospheric Measurements of Carbon Monoxide with the Odin Sub-millimetre Radiometer: Retrieval and First Results
- 2004
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 1944-8007 .- 0094-8276. ; 31:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite has been measuring vertical profiles of atmospheric trace gases since August 2001. We present the inversion methodology developed for CO measurements and the first retrieval results. CO can be retrieved from a single scan measurement throughout the middle atmosphere, with a typical resolution of similar to3 km and a relative error of similar to10% to similar to25%. Retrieval results are evaluated through comparison with data from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) and observations of the Improved Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder (ISAMS) on board the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite (UARS). Considering the large natural variability of CO, the SMR retrievals give good confirmation of the WACCM results, with an overall agreement within a factor of 2. ISAMS abundances are higher than SMR mixing ratios by a factor of 5-10 above 0.5 hPa from similar to80degreesS to similar to50degreesN.
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| 4. |
- El Amraoui, L., et al.
(författare)
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Assimilation of Odin/SMR and O3 and N2O Measurements in a Three-dimensional Chemistry Transport Model
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 109:D22, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for assimilating observations of long-lived species such as ozone (O-3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in a three-dimensional chemistry transport model (3D-CTM) is described. The model is forced by the temperature and wind analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The O-3 and N2O fields used in this study are obtained from the Sub-Millimeter Radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite. The assimilation technique used is the sequential statistical interpolation approach. The parametrization of the error covariance matrix of the model forecast field is described. A sensitivity study of the system parameters is done in terms of the OMF (observation minus forecast) vector also called "innovation'' vector and in terms of the chi(2) (chi-square) test. The effect of the correlation distances is critical for the assimilated field. The RMS ( root mean square) of the OMF for the correlation distances is minimal for values of 1500 km in the meridional direction and 500 km in the zonal direction for both O-3 and N2O. The treatment of the meridional distance as a function of latitude does not reveal an important improvement. The chi(2) diagnostic shows that the asymptotic value of the model error ( the model error of saturation) is optimal for the value of 12.5% for O-3 and 18% for N2O. We demonstrate the applicability of the developed assimilation method for the Odin/SMR data. We also present first results of the assimilation of Odin/SMR ozone and nitrous oxide for the period from 22 December 2001 to 17 January 2002.
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| 5. |
- Grenestedt, Joachim L., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of cell wall thickness variations on elastic stiffness of closed-cell cellular solids
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. - 0020-7403 .- 1879-2162. ; 42:7, s. 1327-1338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The stiffness of closed-cell low-density cellular solids, or solid foams, is affected by "imperfections" such as non-uniform cell shape and size, wavy distortions of cell walls, variations in cell wall thickness, etc. The present paper focuses on the influence of non-uniform cell wall thickness on stiffness. Calculations are performed on one model with different degrees of thickness variations. The model used is the flat-faced Kelvin structure, which consists of 14-sided polyhedra in a bcc arrangement. The results indicate that the stiffness of closed-cell cellular solids is not very sensitive to thickness variations. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Rammer, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum measurement in the charge representation
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : APS Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 70, s. 115327-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Counting statistics of charge transfers in a point contact interacting with an arbitrary quantum system is studied. The theory for the charge specific density matrix is developed, allowing the evaluation of the probability of the outcome of any joint measurement of the state of the quantum system and the transferred charge. Applying the method of charge projectors, the master equation for the charge specific density matrix is derived in the tunneling Hamiltonian model of the point contact. As an example, the theory is applied to a quantum measurement of a two-state system: The evolution of the charge specific density matrix in the presence of Nyquist or Schottky noise is studied and the conditions for the realization of a projective measurement are established.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Schnadt, Joachim, et al.
(författare)
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Structural study of adsorption of isonicotinic acid and related molecules on rutile TiO2(110) I: XAS and STM
- 2003
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Ingår i: Surface Science. - 0039-6028. ; 540:1, s. 39-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have been used to study the absorption of monolayers of the pyridinecarboxylic acid monomers (isonicotinic acid, nicotinic acid, and picolinic acid) and benzoic acid on a rutile TiO2(1 1 0) surface. We find that the pyridine and phenyl rings are oriented with their planes largely perpendicular to the surface. The azimuthal orientations are strongly influenced by adsorbate-adsorbate interactions, which in each case leads to at least two different molecular species. In order to reach this conclusion a detailed strategy has been developed for the interpretation of angle-dependent XAS data, which does not rely on any curve fitting procedures. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Sjöberg, Folke, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Utility of an intervention scoring system in documenting effects of changes in burn treatment
- 2000
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Ingår i: Burns. - : Elsevier. - 0305-4179 .- 1879-1409. ; 26:6, s. 553-559
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The consequences of the introduction of a program of consistent use of topical antimicrobials and early aggressive excision of deep burn wounds by utilizing a comprehensive, computerized patient registry/therapeutic intervention scoring system, were investigated. Prospectively, the clinical course, mortality, outcome and hospital costs were compared for the year preceding (89 patients) and the 4 years following (226 patients) the introduction of the new treatment program. It was found that mortality decreased from 10.1 to 4.6% after change in therapy (P < 0.001), despite an increase in mean burn extent. The length of hospital stay per % burn surface area declined from 1.2 to 1.0 days (P < 0.001). The number and complexity of therapeutic interventions and the associated costs, also declined. Patients in the new treatment program had a better level of physical and psychosocial function at follow up. In conclusion, the introduction of a program of consistent use of topical antimicrobials and early, aggressive surgical excision was associated with an improved outcome at lesser cost. The combined registry-intervention scoring system permits ready analysis of results using data entered on a daily, near-real time basis.
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