| 1. |
- Siebmanns, Sandra, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of nurse-led Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia on patients with cardiovascular disease : A randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 8:4, s. 1755-1768
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To test the effect of nurse-led Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (I-CBTI), tailored for patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a 6-month follow-up.Design: A two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NTC03938805) and reported according to the CONSORT checklist.Methods: Forty-eight patients (mean age 72 years, 65% men) diagnosed with CVD and insomnia were randomized to either 9-week nurse-led I-CBTI with support, or an Internet-based self-study programme without support (control group). Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used as primary and secondary outcomes.Results: ISI showed a significant treatment effect of I-CBTI compared to the control group at 9-week follow-up. The mean ISI score in the I-CBTI group at 9 weeks post-treatment was maintained at the 6-month follow-up. Patients' adherence to I-CBTI was associated with a better effect on both the ISI and SF-12.
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| 2. |
- Brauer, John, 1988-
(författare)
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Labour Market Policies : Structure and Content, Space and Time
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Labour market policies has two aims: cushioning the economic hardship caused by unemployment and increasing employment rates. In many welfare states, responsibilities for such policies are divided between different political-administrative levels. This dissertation aims to enhance the understanding of labour market policies and especially the involvement of sub-national governmental actors, by analysing the role of municipalities in the Swedish context. The dissertation also investigates the involvement of social work and social workers within labour market policies. A theoretical framework consisting of four pillars, structure, content, space, and time, is used to analyse labour market policies. The analysis combines a historical review with empirical data. The findings show that the involvement of municipalities, in active labour market policies, has taken place against the background of three processes: the multi-level governance of financial support, the shifting role of active labour market policies, and the dialectic relationship between financial support and active labour market policies. The divided responsibility for financial support generates incentives for municipal measures that qualify social assistance recipients for nationally funded social insurances. The fear of work disincentives has also been a driving force in the development of municipal activation. The reliance on municipalities to design and deliver active labour market policies opens for greater crossmunicipal differences. An ongoing reform of the Public Employment Service, the national agency that provides active labour market policies, that decreases the number of local offices and increases the reliance on private service providers, is likely to change the role of municipalities within active labour market policies. Many scholars criticise the involvement of social workers, within labour market policies, given the use of conditionality through activation. This criticism calls for further empirical investigation, not least in terms of how practicing social workers position their work.
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| 3. |
- Jarlsdotter Wikström, Jenny, 1985-
(författare)
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Materiella vändningar : läsningar av Parland, Lispector, Berg och Byggmästar
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the dissertation is to examine the analytical potential of the ”material turn” within the field of literary studies. In particular, it explores how theoretical perspectives associated with the material turn may shed light on the work of four writers: Henry Parland (Finland, 1908–1930), Clarice Lispector (Brazil, 1920–1977), Aase Berg (Sweden, b. 1967), and Eva-Stina Byggmästar (Finland, b. 1967). As is demonstrated, however, these works of fiction and poetry also pose a challenge to the theories of the material turn. Recognizing this tension, fiction, theory, and poetry are engaged on an equal footing in an investigation of subjectivity, matter, nature, and their possible conceptualization. The study begins with an overview of the theoretical research field, discussing five influential research anthologies of the material turn published between 2008 and 2015. The introductory chapter also reviews current research on the material turn in a Swedish context, concluding with a discussion of reading as an affirmative philosophical practice. The first part of the dissertation then examines Parland’s novel Sönder (1930) in relation to object-oriented ontology and feminist readings of the novel. Part two takes Lispector’s Água viva (1973) as its object, discussing it in connection to critical plant studies and the way plants present themselves in texts. Part three uses the frameworks of material feminism to discuss themes and motifs in Berg’s lyrical motherhood trilogy (2002–2007). Part four highlights cuteness, detail-centered aesthetics, nomadism, the pastoral trope, and the forest as a place of queer resistance in five poetic works (2006–2014) by Byggmästar. In different ways, the four case studies all center on issues of how the intricate relation between humans and nonhumans can be explored and expressed in writing, and what implications artistic exploration may have on an ethical and political level. As the dissertation concludes, the material turn reassesses many of the fundamental philosophical categories (i.e. subject and object, nature and culture, human and nonhuman). The major theorists of the field – Karen Barad, Jane Bennett, Rosi Braidotti, Elizabeth Grosz, and Timothy Morton – all stress the need to destabilize given concepts of nature and culture, establishing matter, materiality, and the environment as agents beyond human control. This standpoint, however, has problematic consequences for literary studies, given that literary scholars work with aesthetic representations created by humans. If, as many of the above-mentioned theorists assert, nature has its own powers, can it then be said to write fiction or poetry? If we answer the question affirmatively, how does this nature-writing-itself into fiction happen? These complications often lead to analytic aporias, but as the dissertation argues, such aporetic readings are not discouraging per se. On the contrary, the aporias or failures produced by the four case studies highlight the need for even more careful readings of literary as well as theoretical texts, and provide the grounds for a discussion on the ethical dimensions of reading fiction.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Fredrik Leffe, 1988-
(författare)
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Rosetta Observations of Plasma and Dust at Comet 67P
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In-situ observations of cometary plasma are not made because they are easy. The historic ESA Rosetta mission was launched in 2004 and traversed space for ten years before arriving at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, which it studied in unprecedented detail for two years. For the Rosetta Dual Langmuir Probe Experiment (LAP), the challenge was increased by the sensors being situated on short booms near a significantly negatively charged spacecraft, which deflects low-energy charged particles away from our instrument. To disentangle the cometary plasma signature in our signal, we create a charging model for the particular design of the Rosetta spacecraft through 3D Particle-in-Cell/hybrid spacecraft-plasma interaction simulations, which also can be applicable to similarly designed spacecraft in cold plasma environments. By virtue of this model, we find a way to cross-calibrate (with the Mutual Impedance probe, MIP) the LAP spacecraft potential to a plasma density estimate with increased temporal resolution and dynamic range than any single plasma instrument alone.To characterise and disentangle the Sun-driven photoelectric current from the positive cometary ion current signal, using three different methods (where we believe one is novel), we find a signature of an attenuation of the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) radiation from the Sun that follows the cometary out-gassing activity. We discuss possible reasons for this, where the scattering and absorption of radiation by ~20 nm sized dust grains created by the disintegration of far larger cometary dust grains far from the nucleus appears most likely.By cross-calibrating also our current measurements to MIP, we find a cometary ion speed estimate, which, when applied to a simple comet ionosphere model using the LAP photoemission as a photoionisation proxy, predicts the measured comet plasma densities near perihelion, when comet activity was highest. This demonstrates that the LAP cross-calibration estimates are self-consistent, but also strongly suggests that the EUV attenuation we reported is apparent also in the comet ionosphere, as less plasma is ionised by EUV radiation. The ion speed estimates from LAP are consistent with recent results of cometary water ion velocities from the Ion Composition Analyser (ICA), and much elevated above the comet neutral speed, often by a factor of 5. This verifies that the cometary ions are not collisionally coupled to the neutrals, and instead rapidly accelerated by some electric field, such as an ambipolar electric field or from plasma wave activity.
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, Anders K., 1982, et al.
(författare)
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PSB33 protein sustains photosystem II in plant chloroplasts under UV-A light
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Botany. - OXFORD ENGLAND : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-0957 .- 1460-2431. ; 71:22, s. 7210-7223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants can quickly and dynamically respond to spectral and intensity variations of the incident light. These responses include activation of developmental processes, morphological changes, and photosynthetic acclimation that ensure optimal energy conversion and minimal photoinhibition. Plant adaptation and acclimation to environmental changes have been extensively studied, but many details surrounding these processes remain elusive. The photosystem II (PSII)-associated protein PSB33 plays a fundamental role in sustaining PSII as well as in the regulation of the light antenna in fluctuating light. We investigated how PSB33 knock-out Arabidopsis plants perform under different light qualities. psb33 plants displayed a reduction of 88% of total fresh weight compared to wild type plants when cultivated at the boundary of UV-A and blue light. The sensitivity towards UV-A light was associated with a lower abundance of PSII proteins, which reduces psb33 plants' capacity for photosynthesis. The UV-A phenotype was found to be linked to altered phytohormone status and changed thylakoid ultrastructure. Our results collectively show that PSB33 is involved in a UV-A light-mediated mechanism to maintain a functional PSII pool in the chloroplast.
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| 6. |
- Sonderby, Ida E., et al.
(författare)
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Dose response of the 16p11.2 distal copy number variant on intracranial volume and basal ganglia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 25:3, s. 584-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carriers of large recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) have a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders. The 16p11.2 distal CNV predisposes carriers to e.g., autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. We compared subcortical brain volumes of 12 16p11.2 distal deletion and 12 duplication carriers to 6882 non-carriers from the large-scale brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging collaboration, ENIGMA-CNV. After stringent CNV calling procedures, and standardized FreeSurfer image analysis, we found negative dose-response associations with copy number on intracranial volume and on regional caudate, pallidum and putamen volumes (β = −0.71 to −1.37; P < 0.0005). In an independent sample, consistent results were obtained, with significant effects in the pallidum (β = −0.95, P = 0.0042). The two data sets combined showed significant negative dose-response for the accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen and ICV (P = 0.0032, 8.9 × 10−6, 1.7 × 10−9, 3.5 × 10−12 and 1.0 × 10−4, respectively). Full scale IQ was lower in both deletion and duplication carriers compared to non-carriers. This is the first brain MRI study of the impact of the 16p11.2 distal CNV, and we demonstrate a specific effect on subcortical brain structures, suggesting a neuropathological pattern underlying the neurodevelopmental syndromes.
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