| 1. |
- Biloglav, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
-
SFPQ-ABL1-positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1045-2257 .- 1098-2264.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, a subgroup of B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) without an established abnormality (“B‐other”) has been shown to be characterized by rearrangements of ABL1 , ABL2 , CSF1R , or PDGFRB (a.k.a. ABL‐class genes). Using FISH with probes for these genes, we screened 55 pediatric and 50 adult B‐other cases. Three (6%) of the adult but none of the childhood B‐other cases were positive for ABL‐class aberrations. RT‐PCR and sequencing confirmed a rare SFPQ‐ABL1 fusion in one adult B‐other case with t(1;9)(p34;q34). Only six SFPQ ‐ABL1 ‐positive BCP ALLs have been reported, present case included. A review of these shows that all harbored fusions between exon 9 of SFPQ and exon 4 of ABL1 , that the fusion is typically found in adolescents/younger adults without hyperleukocytosis, and that IKZF1 deletions are recurrent. The few patients not treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and/or allogeneic stem cell transplantation relapsed, strengthening the notion that TKI should be added to the therapy of SFPQ ‐ABL1 ‐positive BCP ALL.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bruford, Elspeth A., et al.
(författare)
-
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) recommendations for the designation of gene fusions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 35:11, s. 3040-3043
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gene fusions have been discussed in the scientific literature since they were first detected in cancer cells in the early 1980s. There is currently no standardized way to denote the genes involved in fusions, but in the majority of publications the gene symbols in question are listed either separated by a hyphen (-) or by a forward slash (/). Both types of designation suffer from important shortcomings. HGNC has worked with the scientific community to determine a new, instantly recognizable and unique separator—a double colon (::)—to be used in the description of fusion genes, and advocates its usage in all databases and articles describing gene fusions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fallah, Mahsa, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
-
Plasminogen is a master regulator and a potential drug candidate for the healing of radiation wounds
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Cell Death and Disease. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-4889. ; 11:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Around 95% of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy experience cutaneous side effects, and some develop radiation wounds or fibrosis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for these indications. We show here that plasminogen administration enhanced the healing of radiation wounds via pleiotropic effects on gene expression. Using RNA sequencing, we found that plasminogen downregulated the expression of genes in the TLR, TNF, WNT, MAPK, and TGF-β signaling pathways, and enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of arachidonic acid, leading to significantly decreased inflammation and improved remodeling of granulation tissue compared with placebo treatment. In addition, plasminogen induced metabolic changes, including decreased glycolysis. Importantly, many of the factors downregulated by plasminogen are pro-fibrotic. Therefore, in radiation wounds with excessive inflammation, plasminogen is able to enhance and redirect the healing process, such that it more closely resembles physiological healing with significantly reduced risk for developing fibrosis. This makes plasminogen an attractive drug candidate for the treatment of radiation wounds in cancer patients.
|
|
| 4. |
- Forsberg, Bertil, professor, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Coronanedstängningens betydelse för luftföroreningshalter, beräknade hälsokonsekvenser och registrerade uttag av astmaläkemedel i Stockholmsområdet
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nedstängningen av samhällen på grund av pandemin våren 2020 skedde tämligen globalt, varför åtföljande förändringar av utsläpp både lokalt och på långt avstånd kan ha påverkat luftkvaliteten i Stockholm. Denna rapport redovisar tre delstudier: en analys av hur föroreningshalterna i Stockholmsområdet påverkades av den inledande nedstängningen av samhället, en hälsokonsekvensberäkning av vilka hälsoeffekter en sådan förändring av halterna antas medföra, samt en epidemiologisk tidsseriestudie av sambanden mellan registrerat dagligt antal utköp av astmamediciner och halter av luftföroreningar under den inledande nedstängningen och före/efter denna period.Vi har i detta projekt använt två metoder, spridningsmodellering med emissionsdata respektive regressionsanalys med mätdata, för att beräkna hur främst kväveoxidhalterna påverkades av minskade emissioner lokalt, samt hur bl.a halterna av kvävedioxid och ozon i staden avvek ifrån förväntade värden efter hänsyn till meteorologins inverkan på halterna.Spridningsberäkningarna visade att halterna av kvävedioxid minskade med 0,7 μg/m3 under mars-juli till följd av minskad lokal trafik. Utifrån sammanvägningar av publicerade epidemiologiska samband skulle detta leda till cirka 2 dödsfall färre i 9 kommuner med totalt drygt 1,5 miljoner invånare, medan besök och inläggningar på sjukhus för andningsorganen förväntas minska med drygt 24 fall genom minskade lokala utsläpp.Den väderjusterade minskningen av totala NO2 halterna var 2,8 μg/m3, vilket skulle förväntas leda till ungefär 97 färre besök och inläggningar på sjukhus för andningsorganen under samma 5 månader. Men eftersom minskade utsläpp av kväveoxider även följdes av en oväntat stor väderjusterad ökning av marknära ozon förväntas för vissa hälsoutfall en nettoökning av antalet fall, exempelvis av patienter med problem i andningsorganen.Eftersom utköp av förskrivna läkemedel inte kräver att man besöker sjukvården, inte ens att man besöker ett apotek, studerades dagligt antal utköp av astmaläkemedel i relation till variationer i luftföroreningshalterna. Trots en inledande hamstringsvåg med efterföljande svacka i utköp under maj och lägre uppmätta halter av kväveoxider (NOx) och partiklar <10 mikrometer (PM10) än normalt, fanns sammantaget även under april-juli 2020 en statistiskt säkerställd effekt av PM10 och NOx på dagligt antal utköp. När relativa riskökningen per 10 μg/m3 jämförs mellan denna nedstängningsperiod och övrig studieperiod kan konstateras att ökningen av utköp per haltökning var högre under april-juli 2020. För hela perioden 2018 - 2021 visade en meta-skattning över 21 kommuner i Stockholms län på 2,6 procent ökning i uttag av lång- och korttidsverkande astmaläkemedel per 10 μg/m3 ökning av PM10 (medelvärde för samma dygn och det föregående).
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Gustafsson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Quantification of population exposure to NO2, PM10 and PM2.5, and estimated health impacts 2019
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish population exposure to concentrations of NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 was quantified for 2019, and the health and associated economic consequences were calculated. Most of the population was exposed to levels below the environmental standards. However, compared to the recently updated WHO 2021 Air Quality Guidelines, our calculations indicate that 82% of the population is exposed to unacceptable levels of PM2.5, and 11 % to unacceptable levels of NO2. We estimate a total of 6740 deaths per year. The health impacts can be estimated to cause socio-economic costs of ~168 billion SEK.
|
|
| 8. |
- Holmqvist, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
How older persons and health care professionals co-designed a medication plan prototype remotely to promote patient safety : Case study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: JMIR Aging. - : JMIR Publications. - 2561-7605. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Harm from medications is a major patient safety challenge. Most adverse drug events arise when a medication is prescribed or reevaluated. Therefore, interventions in this area may improve patient safety. A medication plan, that is, a plan for continued treatment with medications, may support patient safety. Participation of patients in the design of health care products or services may improve patient safety. Co-design, as in the Double Diamond framework from the Design Council, England, can emphasize patient involvement. As the COVID-19 pandemic brought restrictions to face-to-face co-design approaches, interest in remote approaches increased. However, it is uncertain how best to perform remote co-design. Therefore, we explored a remote approach, which brought together older persons and health care professionals to co-design a medication plan prototype in the electronic health record, aiming to support patient safety.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe how remote co-design was applied to create a medication plan prototype and to explore participants' experiences with this approach.METHODS: Within a case study design, we explored the experiences of a remote co-design initiative with 14 participants in a regional health care system in southern Sweden. Using descriptive statistics, quantitative data from questionnaires and web-based workshop timestamps were analyzed. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data gathered from workshops, interviews, and free-text responses to the survey questions was performed. Qualitative and quantitative data were compared side by side in the discussion.RESULTS: The analysis of the questionnaires revealed that the participants rated the experiences of the co-design initiative very high. In addition, the balance between how much involved persons expressed their wishes and were listened to was considered very good. Marked timestamps from audio recordings showed that the workshops proceeded according to the plan. The thematic analysis yielded the following main themes: Everyone's perspective matters, Learning by sharing, and Mastering a digital space. The themes encompassed what helped to establish a permissive environment that allowed the participants to be involved and share viewpoints. There was a dynamic process of learning and understanding, realizing that despite different backgrounds, there was consensus about the requirements for a medication plan. The remote co-design process seemed appealing, by balancing opportunities and challenges and building an inviting, creative, and tolerant environment.CONCLUSIONS: Participants experienced that the remote co-design initiative was inclusive of their perspectives and facilitated learning by sharing experiences. The Double Diamond framework was applicable in a digital context and supported the co-design process of the medication plan prototype. Remote co-design is still novel, but with attentiveness to power relations between all involved, this approach may increase opportunities for older persons and health care professionals to collaboratively design products or services that can improve patient safety.
|
|
| 9. |
- Holmqvist, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Older persons' and health care professionals' design choices when co-designing a medication plan aiming to promote patient safety : Case study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: JMIR Aging. - : JMIR Publications. - 2561-7605. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Harm from medications is a major patient safety challenge among older persons. Adverse drug events tend to arise when prescribing or evaluating medications; therefore, interventions targeting these may promote patient safety. Guidelines highlight the value of a joint plan for continued treatment. If such a plan includes medications, a medication plan promoting patient safety is advised. There is growing evidence for the benefits of including patients and health care professionals in initiatives for improving health care products and services through co-design.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify participants' needs and requirements for a medication plan and explore their reasoning for different design choices.METHODS: Using a case study design, we collected and analyzed qualitative and quantitative data and compared them side by side. We explored the needs and requirements for a medication plan expressed by 14 participants (older persons, nurses, and physicians) during a co-design initiative in a regional health system in Sweden. We performed a directed content analysis of qualitative data gathered from co-design sessions and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data from survey answers.RESULTS: A medication plan must provide an added everyday value related to safety, effort, and engagement. The physicians addressed challenges in setting aside time to apply a medication plan, whereas the older persons raised the potential for increased patient involvement. According to the participants, a medication plan needs to support communication, continuity, and interaction. The nurses specifically addressed the need for a plan that was easy to gain an overview of. Important function requirements included providing instant access, automation, and attention. Content requirements included providing detailed information about the medication treatment. Having the plan linked to the medication list and instantly obtainable information was also requested.CONCLUSIONS: After discussing the needs and requirements for a medication plan, the participants agreed on an iteratively developed medication plan prototype linked to the medication list within the existing electronic health record. According to the participants, the medication plan prototype may promote patient safety and enable patient engagement, but concerns were raised about its use in daily clinical practice. The last step in the co-design framework is testing the intervention to explore how it works and connects with users. Therefore, testing the medication plan prototype in clinical practice would be a future step.
|
|
| 10. |
- Johansson, Alexandra, 1989-
(författare)
-
Förhållandet mellan intern skattelagstiftning och skatteavtal : särskilt om företräde för interna skatteregler
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis addresses the relationship between domestic tax law and tax treaties in a Swedish context, particularly with the purpose of clarifying when the legal consequences of domestic tax law are to prevail over those in tax treaties. The question of primacy arises due to domestic law and tax treaties often apply to the same situation, while providing for different legal consequences. Thus, when both of these sources of law are applicable, it may well be necessary to determine which legal consequence should affect the taxation of a taxpayer.There are two overall aims of this thesis. The first aim is to identify situations when domestic Swedish tax law is to be given priority over tax treaties. To fulfil this aim, three research questions are addressed. The first research question concerns determining in what situations both domestic tax law and tax treaties are applicable, but provide for different legal consequences. The second research question regards to what extent domestic tax law is to be given priority over tax treaty rules due to special provisions regulating the relationship between domestic law and tax treaties, including a rule found in Incorporation Acts and sometimes referred to as “the golden rule”. The third research question is under what conditions rules in domestic tax law represent a clearly expressed intention that they are to be applied irrespective of tax treaties. The second aim is to highlight the balancing of interests that the relationship between domestic tax rules and tax treaties brings to the fore, by evaluating the primacy of domestic law and, in the light of this, to propose when rules in domestic tax law should be given priority. This evaluation centres on the interests of upholding constitutional principles, acting in accordance with international law, eliminating double taxation and preventing tax avoidance. To fulfil this aim, two additional research questions are addressed. The fourth research question is to what extent the primacy of domestic tax law contributes to respecting Swedish constitutional law and whether the primacy of domestic tax law is in accordance with international law. The fifth research question is whether the primacy of domestic tax law is likely to result in double taxation or in opportunities for tax avoidance.The subject of this thesis concerns a limited but fundamental part of the relationship between domestic tax rules and tax treaties in Sweden. It shines a light on the limitations that exist with regard to whether, and to what extent, tax treaties have an impact in a Swedish domestic law context. In some situations, rules in domestic law are given priority in order to hinder tax treaties from creating tax claims that do not exist in domestic law. In other situations, rules in domestic law are given priority for other reasons. In the latter case, giving priority to domestic tax rules may constitute an internationally wrongful act, which, in turn, may have economic, political and legal consequences.
|
|
