| 1. |
- Barut, Oya, et al.
(författare)
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Calcifications in the neck region of patients with carotid artery stenosis : a computed tomography angiography study of topographic anatomy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. - : Elsevier. - 2212-4403 .- 2212-4411. ; 129:5, s. 523-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this study was to map the vertical locations of calcified carotid plaques (CCPs), osseous anatomic structures, and calcified soft tissues in the area of the carotid artery, determine to what extent CCPs are superimposed on the cervical spine in coronal images, and analyze the differences between men and women.Study Design: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans of 79 patients were studied. CCPs were discovered in 152 of the total 158 neck sides. Evaluations were performed by using sagittal and coronal reformatted CTA images with maximum intensity projection.Results: Most of the calcified anatomic structures studied, including the carotid bifurcation, were found in close relationship to the level of the third and fourth cervical vertebrae. In the coronal view, all or most of the areas of the CCPs were superimposed on the cervical spine in 22 of 44 (50%) neck sides with CCP in women and in 37 of 108 (34.2%) in men (P = .070).Conclusions: The carotid bifurcation is in close proximity to various calcified anatomic structures. This should be taken into account when diagnosing CCPs in panoramic radiographs. In the coronal view, CCPs and the cervical spine are often superimposed; thus, coronal images are not recommended for confirmation of putative carotid calcifications diagnosed on the basis of panoramic radiographs.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Elias, et al.
(författare)
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Near-occlusion is difficult to diagnose with common carotid ultrasound methods
- 2021
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Ingår i: Neuroradiology. - : Springer. - 0028-3940 .- 1432-1920. ; 63:5, s. 721-730
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To assess the sensitivity and specificity of common carotid ultrasound method for carotid near-occlusion diagnosis.Methods: Five hundred forty-eight patients examined with both ultrasound and CTA within 30 days of each other were analyzed. CTA graded by near-occlusion experts was used as reference standard. Low flow velocity, unusual findings, and commonly used flow velocity parameters were analyzed.Results: One hundred three near-occlusions, 272 conventional ≥50% stenosis, 162 <50% stenosis, and 11 occlusions were included. Carotid ultrasound was 22% (95%CI 14–30%; 23/103) sensitive and 99% (95%CI 99–100%; 442/445) specific for near-occlusion diagnosis. Near-occlusions overlooked on ultrasound were found misdiagnosed as occlusions (n = 13, 13%), conventional ≥50% stenosis (n = 65, 63%) and < 50% stenosis (n = 2, 2%). No velocity parameter or combination of parameters could identify the 65 near-occlusions mistaken for conventional ≥50% stenoses with >75% sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion: Near-occlusion is difficult to diagnose with commonly used carotid ultrasound methods. Improved carotid ultrasound methods are needed if ultrasound is to retain its position as sole preoperative modality.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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All talk and no action? Making change and negotiating gender equality in Swedish forestry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyses how women professionals make sense of change with regard to gender (in)equality in the Swedish forestry sector. While most participants described an increased focus on gender equality in the sector, perceptions of change varied. Descriptions emphasising progress observe change in the sense that an increased focus on gender equality has meant that explicit sexism is no longer tolerated. Descriptions emphasising stability, however, consider that this focus has not allowed for a transformation of the sectors embedded in masculine structures and cultures. The study thus points to a discrepancy between what organisations ‘do’ and what they ‘say they do’, which sheds light on the various forms of power, conflict and resistance involved in the constitutions of gender equality. To truly promote gender equality in the Swedish forestry sector, researchers and policy-makers must continue to make visible, address and challenge the complex practices and processes involved in organisational transformation.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Conditioned openings and restraints : The meaning‐making of women professionals breaking into the male‐dominated sector of forestry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 27:6, s. 927-943
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses how women forestry professionals articulate and interpret their experiences of being a woman and a professional in the male‐dominated context of forestry. The findings suggest that the entrance of women into forestry has created openings as well as restraints within the dominant discourses of forestry organizations. Gendered constructions of skills and a workplace culture described as built on homosocial values cause women to feel questioned and disadvantaged. At the same time, women are valued for their perceived capacity to perform relational‐based aspects of forestry work and as a means to reduce gender segregation. We conclude that while these openings are conditioned by discourses of gender differences and masculine privileges, they provide women, to some extent, with subjectivity and organizational space that, with time, may challenge the dominant and gendered discourses of forestry organizations.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Restructuring masculinities and reshaping inequalities : Negotiations of (gendered) sales work and relations in an industrial organization
- 2022
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Ingår i: Gender, Work and Organization. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 29:4, s. 1008-1024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Professional business-to-business sales work and relations tend to be interlinked with structures and symbols of certain forms of masculinity. From interviews held with office staff employed by a large male-dominated company in the Swedish base industry, this study explores how the gendering of sales work is enabled and contested in relation to the practices and processes of specific organizations. The presented findings show how negotiations of “good sales” involve contestations of specific gendering practices and of the value of sales work, sales relations and underlying organizational values and control. As a result, homosocial behaviors and masculine ideals associated with the salesperson no longer hold privileged positions in organizations. However, it was the individual salespersons and their behavior that were put forward as the primary problem rather than the organizational practices and processes providing men with power, space and subjectivity. Thus, the negotiations of sales work and relations seem to lead not to disruptions but to a restructuring of masculinities and to a reshaping of organizational inequalities in a company.
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| 6. |
- Stenudd, Isak, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrasound risk marker variability in symptomatic carotid plaque : impact on risk reclassification and association with temporal variation pattern
- 2020
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Springer. - 1569-5794 .- 1875-8312 .- 1573-0743. ; 36:6, s. 1061-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Ultrasound examinations of atherosclerotic carotid plaques can be used to calculate risk markers associated with plaque vulnerability. Recent studies demonstrate significant inter-frame variability in risk markers. Here, we investigate risk marker variability in symptomatic plaques and its impact on reclassification of plaque vulnerability, as well as its association with the shape of the temporal variation over the cardiac cycle.Methods: 56 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis were included in this study. 88 plaques were identified and the plaque risk markers size (area), echogenicity (gray scale median, GSM) and heterogeneity (coarseness) were measured in all frames of ultrasound B-mode image sequences. Inter-frame variability was quantified using the coefficient of variation (CV).Results: Inter-frame variabilities of the risk markers were area CV 5–8%; GSM CV 4–7%; coarseness CV 8–15% and was in general significantly lower in large as compared to smaller plaques. The variability in GSM risk marker caused a reclassification of vulnerability in 30 to 38% of the plaques. Temporal variations in GSM with a heart rate periodic or drift/trending pattern were found in smaller plaques (< 26 mm2), whereas random pattern was found in larger plaques. In addition, hypoechoic plaques (GSM < 25) were associated with cyclic variation pattern, independent of their size.Conclusions: Risk marker variability causes substantial reclassification of plaque vulnerability in symptomatic patients. Inter-frame variation and its temporal pattern should be considered in the design of future studies related to risk markers.
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| 7. |
- Abdelrazak Morsy, Mohammad Hamdy, et al.
(författare)
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SOX11 is a novel binding partner and endogenous inhibitor of SAMHD1 ara-CTPase activity in mantle cell lymphoma
- 2024
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 143:19, s. 1953-1964
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartate (HD) domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase with ara-CTPase activity that confers cytarabine (ara -C) resistance in several hematological malignancies. Targeting SAMHD1's ara-CTPase activity has recently been demonstrated to enhance ara -C ef fi cacy in acute myeloid leukemia. Here, we identify the transcription factor SRY-related HMGbox containing protein 11 (SOX11) as a novel direct binding partner and fi rst known endogenous inhibitor of SAMHD1. SOX11 is aberrantly expressed not only in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), but also in some Burkitt lymphomas. Coimmunoprecipitation of SOX11 followed by mass spectrometry in MCL cell lines identi fi ed SAMHD1 as the top SOX11 interaction partner, which was validated by proximity ligation assay. In vitro, SAMHD1 bound to the HMG box of SOX11 with low-micromolar af fi nity. In situ crosslinking studies further indicated that SOX11-SAMHD1 binding resulted in a reduced tetramerization of SAMHD1. Functionally, expression of SOX11 inhibited SAMHD1 ara-CTPase activity in a dose-dependent manner resulting in ara -C sensitization in cell lines and in a SOX11-inducible mouse model of MCL. In SOX11-negative MCL, SOX11-mediated ara-CTPase inhibition could be mimicked by adding the recently identi fi ed SAMHD1 inhibitor hydroxyurea. Taken together, our results identify SOX11 as a novel SAMHD1 interaction partner and its fi rst known endogenous inhibitor with potentially important implications for clinical therapy strati fi cation.
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| 8. |
- Almobarak, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to nonanoic acid alters small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor phenotype
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSmall intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NET) are highly differentiated and genetically stable malignant tumors, yet they often present with advanced metastatic spread at the time of diagnosis. In contrast to many other types of malignant tumors, primary SI-NET are often asymptomatic and typically smaller in size compared to adjacent lymph node metastases. This study explores the hypothesis that stimulating the chemosensing olfactory receptor 51E1 (OR51E1) decreases SI-NET proliferation suggesting a mechanism that explains a difference in proliferative rate based on tumor location.MethodsClinical data was used to address difference in tumor size depending on location. A SI-NET tissue microarray was used to evaluate expression of OR51E1 and olfactory marker protein (OMP). Primary cultured tumor cells from 5 patients were utilized to determine the effect of OR51E1 agonist nonanoic acid on metabolic activity. The SI-NET cell line GOT1 was used to determine effects of nonanoic acid on the transcriptome as well as long-term effects of nonanoic acid exposure with regards to cell proliferation, serotonin secretion, alterations of the cell-cycle and morphology.ResultsTumor size differed significantly based on location. OR51E1 and OMP were generally expressed in SI-NET. Primary SI-NET cells responded to nonanoic acid with a dose dependent altered metabolic activity and this was replicated in the GOT1 cell line but not in the MCF10A control cell line. Nonanoic acid treatment in GOT1 cells upregulated transcripts related to neuroendocrine differentiation and hormone secretion. Long-term nonanoic acid treatment of GOT1 cells decreased proliferation, induced senescence, and altered cell morphology.ConclusionOur results raise the possibility that exposure of intraluminal metabolites could represent a mechanism determining aspects of the SI-NET tumor phenotype. However, we could not causally link the observed effects of nonanoic acid exposure to the OR51E1 receptor.
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| 9. |
- Amselem, Elias, et al.
(författare)
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Real-time single-molecule 3D tracking in E. coli based on cross-entropy minimization
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reaching sub-millisecond 3D tracking of individual molecules in living cells would enable direct measurements of diffusion-limited macromolecular interactions under physiological conditions. Here, we present a 3D tracking principle that approaches the relevant regime. The method is based on the true excitation point spread function and cross-entropy minimization for position localization of moving fluorescent reporters. Tests on beads moving on a stage reaches 67 nm lateral and 109 nm axial precision with a time resolution of 0.84 ms at a photon count rate of 60 kHz; the measurements agree with the theoretical and simulated predictions. Our implementation also features a method for microsecond 3D PSF positioning and an estimator for diffusion analysis of tracking data. Finally, we successfully apply these methods to track the Trigger Factor protein in living bacterial cells. Overall, our results show that while it is possible to reach sub-millisecond live-cell single-molecule tracking, it is still hard to resolve state transitions based on diffusivity at this time scale.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Elias, et al.
(författare)
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Organisational learning in gender mainstreaming: openings and barriers for implementation and change
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Learning and Change. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1740-2875 .- 1740-2883. ; 14:3, s. 339-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relation between the concepts and practices of gender mainstreaming and organisational learning, and its prerequisite for change, is not well understood in either research or practice. Drawing on a participatory design process of a model for assessing the potential of gender equality interventions to change gendered organisations, this study explores the relation between gender mainstreaming and the concepts and practices of organisational learning and learning organisations to improve the capacity of organisations to undertake developmental and organisational change. The findings stress the effect of the organisational context and logics on the level of distinctness in the goals and processes of gender equality work and organisational learning. By highlighting the interrelation between organisational logics in relation to the processes of organisational change, learning and integration, the results thereby revealed how a more formal and technocratic approach creates both potential openings for and barriers to organisational change and learning.
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