| 1. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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A Post-Analysis of the Introduction of the EU Directive 92/57/EEC in the Swedish Construction Industry
- 2022
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI. - 2075-5309. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU directive 92/57/EEC focuses on ensuring that health and safety-related matters are taken into consideration during every stage of construction-related work and has been introduced into the regulations of the member countries. In 2006, Sweden was tasked by the European Commission to clarify its implementation of the directive, including which management roles and responsibilities were to come into effect during both the planning and eventual execution of construction work—changes that ultimately were introduced into the national regulations in 2009. Focusing on the accident trends in the construction industry in the years immediately following these regulatory changes, we find that the new management roles and responsibilities had no apparent effect on the accident rates. Furthermore, we argue that there is a need to broaden the analysis regarding the implementation of the EU directive 92/57/EEC to also include nation-specific changes to health and safety management and policy. These qualitative studies should also include a dedicated focus on how changes to management structures and processes may affect the prevalence of occupational diseases specifically.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Byggindustrins säkerhetspark - ett program för säkerhetskultur : Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport är en kunskapsöversikt som beskriver internationell forskning om säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsarbete i byggindustrin. I rapporten diskuteras inledningsvis hur säkerhetskultur kan förstås i relation till organisationskultur och att mycket av de distinktioner som görs inom säkerhetskulturforskningen inom byggbranschen är avhängig synen på kulturbegreppet. I den forskning som studerats i denna litteraturöversikt är det vanligt med en mer normativ ansats, dvs., den är inte neutral utan den syftar till säkerhet. Det verkar inte vara lika vanligt med säkerhetskultur-forskning som i grunden har en tolkande ansats och som ställer sig mer neutral till huruvida kulturen i sig alltid leder till en högre grad av säkerhet. Med en sådan ansats kan dock säkerhetskulturens olika delar i högre grad analyseras utan att vara upptagen med dess koppling till en normativ syn på säkerhetskultur. Med utgångpunkt i den tidigare forskningen ger vi slutligen förslag på ett antal aktiviteter som skulle kunna införlivas i säkerhetsparken som ett sätt att stärka dess säkerhetsfrämjande arbete.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Byggindustrins säkerhetspark – ett program för säkerhetskultur : Resultat och rekommendationer
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den svenska byggindustrin har gjort stora satsningar de senaste åren för att öka medvetenheten om vikten av att arbeta säkert. En del i denna satsning är att Byggföretagen (före detta Sveriges Byggindustrier) har byggt en säkerhetspark, dvs. en anläggning där de som arbetar inom industrin utbildas om säkerhet och får möjlighet att gemensamt reflektera över säkerhetsrelaterade frågor.Vår forskargrupp vid Luleå tekniska universitet, har följt parkens etablering med syfte att undersöka hur frågor rörande säkerhetskultur kan och har integrerats i säkerhetsparkens aktiviteter. Projektet finns redovisat i tre rapporter. Den första är en kartläggning av internationell forskning inom området säkerhetskultur, säkerhetsarbete och säkerhetsträning och finns redovisad i Delrapport 1: Säkerhetskulturforskning inom byggindustrin (Berglund et al, 2020). Den andra redovisar en kartläggning och karaktärisering av vilka säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskulturer som finns hos Sveriges byggindustriers medlemsföretag. Den studien har presenterats i Delrapport 2: Säkerhetsinitiativ och säkerhetskultur i svensk byggindustri (Berglund et al, 2021). I denna tredje rapport som vi kallar Resultat och rekommendationer, presenterar vi en samlad analys av parkens verksamhet och avslutar med ett antal förslag till hur säkerhetsparken kan utvecklas vidare. I rapporten kan vi konstatera att säkerhetsparken finns på plats och har verkat i drygt tre år. Den består av ett stort antal stationer eller scenarion där ett antal arbetsområden, arbetssituationer och arbetsmoment speglas. Ett besök inleds inomhus med en introduktion där det besökande företaget eller skolan ges en inledande beskrivning av parkens innehåll och syfte och där ett flertal frågeställningar introduceras och diskuteras. Därefter fortsätter besöket utomhus genom att man besöker ett antal stationer som är utformade enligt den pedagogiska principen ”se, höra, göra och reflektera”. Valet av stationer som besöks görs i samråd med handledare och med det besökande företaget. Dagen avslutas på samma sätt som den inleddes, inomhus, med reflektioner om lärdomar att ta med sig hem till det egna företaget. Parken fungerar också som en display av aktuell utveckling inom branschen, inte minst när det gäller nya verktyg, utrustning, material, arbetsmoment och liknande, allt med ett fokus på förbättrad arbetsmiljö och säkerhet. Säkerhetsparken besöks idag främst av byggföretag och byggelever men även av andra representanter från andra branscher. Vi har intervjuat nyckelpersoner med anknytning till parken och omdömen om parken och besöket har i huvudsak varit goda. Vår rapport avslutas med elva utvecklingsområden som vi tror kan bidra till att göra en bra verksamhet vid säkerhetsparken ännu bättre.1. Problematisera rådande säkerhetskulturer på fler ställen, kanske stationer eller i fler moment i anläggningen.2. Den pedagogiska modellen är bra och kan utnyttjas på fler ställen i anläggningen.3. Alla besök bör ha en tydlig och specifik företagsprofilering.4. Alla besökare ska ha en arbetsuppgift när de återvänder till företaget.5. Stationerna måste vara aktuella och spegla realistiska situationer.6. Säkerhetsparken bör vara ett centrum för lärande, utveckling och innovation.7. Säkerhetsparken kan vara ett skyltfönster för ny teknik och bra utrustning.8. Jämställdhetsfrågor bör integreras i säkerhetsparkens arbete.9. Ledningens betydelse för säkerhetskultur bör betonas.10.Säkerhetsparken kan bli en resurs för utbildning av utländsk arbetskraft.11.Säkerhetsparken bör dokumentera sina erfarenheter.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring safety culture research in the construction industry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 76:2, s. 549-560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Despite numerous regulatory initiatives to improve health and safety in the construction industry, it still ranks as one of the most accident-prone industries worldwide. A dedicated focus on safety culture has been suggested as a complement to laws, regulations and management systems.OBJECTIVE: This article explores safety culture research conducted in the construction industry, with the aim to provide insight into the specific themes that tend to be in focus as well as what theoretical and methodological approaches that tend to be favored.METHODS: Searches in scientific databases were conducted twice. In a first attempt, searches resulted in 54 hits but only two articles fit the scope of the study. A revision of the search phrase resulted in 124 hits. Ultimately, 17 articles fit the scope of the study and were included. The content of the articles was analyzed and sorted thematically.RESULTS: The results show that four themes are prevalent in the existing literature: 1) unique challenges entail a need for situated applications, 2) models developed to operationalize safety culture, 3) measuring safety culture, and 4) safety management and leadership as key factors.CONCLUSION:Although research focusing on the construction industry has come to favor certain study designs and definitions of safety culture, further research may be enriched by broadening the theoretical and methodological perspectives. Specifically, researchers should conduct more in-depth qualitative studies that take the complexity of the industry into account, including the interpersonal relations between the actors involved.
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational accidents in Swedish construction trades
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1080-3548 .- 2376-9130. ; 27:2, s. 552-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to anazlye accidents occurring in the Swedish construction industry focusing specifically on the situation in the individual trades. The article includes all occupational accidents with at least one day of absence from work that were reported to the Swedish Social Insurance Agency for the year of 2016. The results, focusing on accident cause, injured body parts, as well as accidents per weekday, month and age, show that although the trades share commonalities regarding occupational accidents a number of trade-specific problem areas stand out. With this in mind, conclusions are drawn regarding the situation in each respective trade and suggestions are made for future studies focusing on accidents in construction industry trades.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Safety culture development in the construction industry : The case of a safety park in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 9:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The problem of occupational accidents in the construction industry has necessitated a focus on proactive measures such as safety management programs. An example of this is safety parks, i.e. facilities where employees and managers from different construction companies can participate in site-specific activities and train in safety-related matters in a realistic context. Two specific focus areas are often present within these types of safety management programs: hands-on safety training and safety culture development as being within the purview of management. The purpose of this article is to investigate the developers’ intentions with the park in relation to safety culture development. Twenty interviews were conducted with experts in the area of health and safety. Results indicate that the safety park can contribute as a mirror for the companies own operations, with new information and knowledge of how work can be performed with safety being prioritized, to developing communication regarding safety-related matters, and finally the stations at the park may initiate a translation process as to how the lessons learned at the park can be applied to the participants’ own workplaces. All in all, the activities at the park can be said to be normative in nature, i.e. the developers seemingly have a desire to steer the safety culture development in a certain direction. There is a need for further research focusing on the concept of safety culture in these types of programs and, more broadly, in relation to its intended industry-wide effects.
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| 8. |
- Dolinska, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the bone marrow niche in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia identifies CXCL14 as a new therapeutic option
- 2023
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 142:1, s. 73-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), they often fail to eradicate the leukemia-initiating stem cells (LSCs), causing disease persistence and relapse. Evidence indicates that LSC persistence may be because of bone marrow (BM) niche protection; however, little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we molecularly and functionally characterize BM niches in patients with CML at diagnosis and reveal the altered niche composition and function in these patients. Long -term culture initiating cell assay showed that the mesenchymal stem cells from patients with CML displayed an enhanced supporting capacity for normal and CML BM CD34+CD38- cells. Molecularly, RNA sequencing detected dysregulated cytokine and growth factor expression in the BM cellular niches of patients with CML. Among them, CXCL14 was lost in the BM cellular niches in contrast to its expression in healthy BM. Restoring CXCL14 significantly inhibited CML LSC maintenance and enhanced their response to imatinib in vitro, and CML engraftment in vivo in NSG-SGM3 mice. Importantly, CXCL14 treatment dramatically inhibited CML engraftment in patient-derived xenografted NSG-SGM3 mice, even to a greater degree than imatinib, and this inhibition persisted in patients with suboptimal TKI response. Mechanistically, CXCL14 upregulated inflammatory cytokine signaling but downregulated mTOR signaling and oxidative phosphorylation in CML LSCs. Together, we have discovered a suppressive role of CXCL14 in CML LSC growth. CXCL14 might offer a treatment option targeting CML LSCs.
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| 9. |
- El Jellas, Khadija, et al.
(författare)
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Two New Mutations in the CEL Gene Causing Diabetes and Hereditary Pancreatitis : How to Correctly Identify MODY8 Cases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 107:4, s. 1455-1466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 8 (MODY8) is associated with mutations in the CEL gene, which encodes the digestive enzyme carboxyl ester lipase. Several diabetes cases and families have in recent years been attributed to mutations in CEL without any functional or clinical evidence provided. Objective: To facilitate correct MODY8 diagnostics, we screened 2 cohorts of diabetes patients and delineated the phenotype. Methods: Young, lean Swedish and Finnish patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (352 cases, 406 controls) were screened for mutations in the CEL gene. We also screened 58 Czech MODY cases who had tested negative for common MODY genes. For CEL mutation-positive subjects, family history was recorded, and clinical investigations and pancreatic imaging performed. Results: Two cases (1 Swedish and 1 Czech) with germline mutation in CEL were identified. Clinical and radiological investigations of these 2 probands and their families revealed dominantly inherited insulin-dependent diabetes, pancreatic exocrine dysfunction, and atrophic pancreas with lipomatosis and cysts. Notably, hereditary pancreatitis was the predominant phenotype in 1 pedigree. Both families carried single-base pair deletions in the proximal part of the CEL variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) region in exon 11. The mutations are predicted to lead to aberrant protein tails that make the CEL protein susceptible to aggregation. Conclusion: The diagnosis of MODY8 requires a pancreatic exocrine phenotype and a deletion in the CEL VNTR in addition to dominantly inherited diabetes. CEL screening may be warranted also in families with hereditary pancreatitis of unknown genetic etiology.
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| 10. |
- Albinsson, Sofie, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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Extracellular distribution of galectin-10 in the esophageal mucosa of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis
- 2023
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Ingår i: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 212:2, s. 147-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CD16+ eosinophils and large amounts of extracellular vesicles containing galectin-10, a T-cell suppressive eosinophil protein, were found in the esophageal mucosa of patients with active eosinophilic esophagitis. Both the CD16+ eosinophils and the released galectin-10-containing extracellular vesicles disappeared in successfully treated patients but remained in the mucosa of the non-responders to treatment. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a T-cell-driven allergic condition hallmarked by eosinophil infiltration of the esophagus. Eosinophils exposed to proliferating T cells release galectin-10 and have T-cell suppressive function in vitro. The aims of this study were to evaluate if eosinophils co-localize with T cells and release galectin-10 in the esophagus of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis. Esophageal biopsies from 20 patients with eosinophilic esophagitis were stained for major basic protein, galectin-10, CD4, CD8, CD16, and CD81 and analyzed by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy before and after topical corticosteroid treatment. CD4+ T-cell numbers decreased in the esophageal mucosa of responders to treatment but not in the non-responders. Suppressive (CD16+) eosinophils were present in the esophageal mucosa of patients with active disease and decreased after successful treatment. Unexpectedly, eosinophils and T cells were not in direct contact with each other. Instead, the esophageal eosinophils released large amounts of galectin-10-containing extracellular vesicles and featured cytoplasmic projections that contained galectin-10, both of which disappeared from the esophagus of the responders but remained in the non-responders. To conclude, the presence of CD16+ eosinophils together with the massive release of galectin-10-containing extracellular vesicles in the esophageal mucosa might indicate that eosinophils exert T-cell suppression in eosinophilic esophagitis.
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