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- Johansson, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variance in the adiponutrin gene family and childhood obesity.
- 2009
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 4:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The adiponutrin gene family consists of five genes (PNPLA1-5) coding for proteins with both lipolytic and lipogenic properties. PNPLA3 has previously been associated with adult obesity. Here we investigated the possible association between genetic variants in these genes and childhood and adolescent obesity. METHODS/RESULTS: Polymorphisms in the five genes of the adiponutrin gene family were selected and genotyped using the Sequenom platform in a childhood and adolescent obesity case-control study. Six variants in PNPLA1 showed association with obesity (rs9380559, rs12212459, rs1467912, rs4713951, rs10947600, and rs12199580, p<0.05 after adjustment for age and gender). Three variants in PNPLA3 showed association with obesity before, but not after, adjustment for age and gender (rs139051, rs12483959, and rs2072907, p>0.05). When analyzing these SNPs in relation to phenotypes, two SNPs in the PNPLA3 gene showed association with insulin sensitivity (rs12483959: beta = -0.053, p = 0.016, and rs2072907: beta = -0.049, p = 0.024). No associations were seen for PNPLA2, PNPLA4, and PNPLA5. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic variation in the adiponutrin gene family does not seem to contribute strongly to obesity in children and adolescents. PNPLA1 exhibited a modest effect on obesity and PNPLA3 on insulin sensitivity. These data, however, require confirmation in other cohorts and ethnic groups.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Marcus, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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A TEST IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CORE MANUFACTURING SIMULATION DATA SPECIFICATION
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2007 Winter Simulation Conference in Washington D.C. USA, December 9-12 2007. ; , s. 1673-1681
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes an effort of testing the Core Manufacturing Simulation Data (CMSD) information model as a neutral data interface for a discrete event simulation model developed using Enterprise Dynamics. The implementation is based upon a model of a paint shop at a Volvo Car Corporation plant in Sweden. The model is built for a Swedish research project (FACTS), which focuses on the work procedure of developing new and modified production systems. FACTS has found standardized simulation data structures to be of high interest to achieve efficient data collection in conceptual stages of production development programs. For the CMSD-development team, implementations serve as an approach to validate the structures in CMSD and to gather requirements for future enhancements. CMSD was originally developed to support job shops, but the results of this implementation indicate a good possibility to extend CMSD to also support flow shops.
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| 6. |
- Leong, Swee, et al.
(författare)
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A real world pilot implementation of the Core Manufacturing Simulation Data model
- 2008
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Ingår i: ; , s. 334-341
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While software for discrete event simulation (DES) has emerged into sophisticated tools for decision support in a wide range of contexts, the need to integrate DES tools with other applications is increasing. In the industrial engineering context, simulation engineers strive to use real world data, e.g., logs of machine breakdown, to make behavior of DES models imitate reality. However, the format used for describing simulation data is often specialized to the current situation. The Core Manufacturing Simulation Data (CMSD) is a collaborative effort with academia and industry to standardize the format used for simulation data, to facilitate data exchange among simulation and manufacturing applications. This paper describes the results from a pilot implementation study at Volvo Trucks, where CMSD was utilized as the data exchange format between two data systems and two DES models. The DES tools used were commercial software packages Unigraphics Plant Simulation and InControl Enterprise Dynamics. Generic and reusable interfaces for CMSD-file communication were developed for each of these tools. The CMSD interfaces were successfully connected to a model in each simulation tool describing the same manufacturing process. A stand alone application was developed to collect and analyze raw data and to create the CMSD file being used as input data for both models. The result is a system including raw data analysis, data reformatting, CMSD interfacing, and model execution. Based on the result, a generic methodology for CMSD interface development in DES tools has evolved. The most important conclusion is that CMSD data can be interpretable by both Plant Simulation and Enterprise Dynamics, and that it saves engineering development time during the model building phase.
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| 7. |
- Abad, Alberto, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The use of iron oxide as oxygen carrier in a chemical-looping reactor
- 2007
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361. ; 86:7-8, s. 1021-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a method for the combustion of fuel gas with inherent separation of carbon dioxide. This technique involves the use of two interconnected reactors, an air reactor and a fuel reactor. The oxygen demanded in the fuel combustion is supplied by a solid oxygen carrier, which circulates between both reactors. Fuel gas and air are never mixed and pure CO2 can be obtained from the flue gas exit. This paper presents the results from the use of an iron-based oxygen-carrier in a continuously operating laboratory CLC unit, consisting of two interconnected fluidized beds. Natural gas or syngas was used as fuel, and the thermal power was between 100 and 300 W. Tests were performed at four temperatures: 1073, 1123, 1173 and 1223 K. The prototype was successfully operated for all tests and stable conditions were maintained during the combustion. The same particles were used during 60 h of hot fluidization conditions, whereof 40 h with combustion. The combustion efficiency of syngas was high, about 99% for all experimental conditions. However, in the combustion tests with natural gas, there was unconverted methane in the exit flue gases. Higher temperature and lower fuel flows increase the combustion efficiency, which ranged between 70% and 94% at 1123 K. No signs of agglomeration or mass loss were detected, and the crushing strength of the oxygen carrier particles did not change significantly. Complementary experiments in a batch fluidized bed were made to compare the reactivity of the oxygen carrier particles before and after the 40 h of operation, but the reactivity of the particles was not affected significantly.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Marcus, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of molecular mobility of polymeric implants on soft tissue reactions: An in vivo study in rats
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. - : Wiley. - 1552-4965 .- 1549-3296. ; 84A:3, s. 652-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although numerous different polymers are used as implants or otherwise studied for many other biotechnical applications, there is a lack of basic models that correlate polymer characteristics with foreign body reactions. This study aims at developing one such model by systematically studying surface molecular mobility of polymeric implants in soft tissues in vivo. Changing the length of the alkyl side chain of poly(alkyl methacrylates) (PAMAs), provides an interesting opportunity to study the surface molecular mobility with minimal changes of the hydrophobicity of the surface. Thus, in this study three different PAMAs, with increasingly surface mobility; poly (isobutyl methacrylate) (PIBMA), poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA), and poly(lauryl methacralate) (PLMA) along with pure titanium (Ti) substrates were implanted in the dorsum of Sprague-Dawley rats. Inflammatory cell recruitment, cell adhesion, and cytokine release were studied after 1, 3, and 28 days of implantation. Total number of inflammatory cells in the exudate was measured but no correlation between surface mobility and cell recruitment where found. However, the number of surface associated cells where significantly lower on the surfaces with high molecular mobility (PLMA and PBMA). The histological evaluation performed after 28 days revealed thicker fibrous capsule and a higher number of blood vessels on the low molecular mobility surface (PIBMA). After 28 days the cell activity was higher on the high molecular mobility surfaces (PLMA and PBMA) compared with PIBMA, based on the cytokine release. None of the surfaces induced any significant cell-death. On the basis of the results of this study we conclude that there is a significant difference in biological response to surfaces with different in molecular mobility. This might affect the wound healing process and the biocompatibility of biomaterials. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Received: 13 March 2006; Revised: 15 December 2006; Accepted: 29 January 2007 Digital Object Identifier (DOI) 10.1002/jbm.a.31389 About DOI
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