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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Spotify teardown : inside the black box of streaming music
- 2019
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- An innovative investigation of the inner workings of Spotify that traces the transformation of audio files into streamed experience. Spotify provides a streaming service that has been welcomed as disrupting the world of music. Yet such disruption always comes at a price. Spotify Teardown contests the tired claim that digital culture thrives on disruption. Borrowing the notion of "teardown" from reverse-engineering processes, in this book a team of five researchers have playfully disassembled Spotify's product and the way it is commonly understood. Spotify has been hailed as the solution to illicit downloading, but it began as a partly illicit enterprise that grew out of the Swedish file-sharing community. Spotify was originally praised as an innovative digital platform but increasingly resembles a media company in need of regulation, raising questions about the ways in which such cultural content as songs, books, and films are now typically made available online. Spotify Teardown combines interviews, participant observations, and other analyses of Spotify's "front end" with experimental, covert investigations of its "back end." The authors engaged in a series of interventions, which include establishing a record label for research purposes, intercepting network traffic with packet sniffers, and web-scraping corporate materials. The authors' innovative digital methods earned them a stern letter from Spotify accusing them of violating its terms of use; the company later threatened their research funding. Thus, the book itself became an intervention into the ethics and legal frameworks of corporate behavior.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Moving to Private-Car-Restricted and Mobility-Served Neighborhoods : The Unspectacular Workings of a Progressive Mobility Plan
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite ongoing changes in housing construction around parking requirements, few studies have been undertaken on travel practice and vehicle ownership once homes have been built in line with new requirements and occupied. This study focused on the experience and travel practices of residents in two specific cases involving new requirements in Sweden. It was based on interviews and questionnaires with residents before and after they moved into the two new blocks of apartments. A relatively restricted supply of parking was compensated for with subsidized mobility services for the residents, e.g., car and bike (sharing) clubs. The results indicated a decrease in car ownership in both blocks, as well as a decrease in the frequency of car travel in one of them. There were indications that use of public transport had increased. Our analysis illustrates the roles that parking and mobility services played over time in establishing the residents' travel habits. The process that shaped the new residents' car ownership and travel patterns was, in part, quite slow and unspectacular compared with the intentions and expectations of the stakeholders involved as regards to how car ownership and travel habits would change. We discuss a spectrum of everyday life conditions, which together with parking requirements and mobility services can stimulate the growth of urban mobility practices other than those based on private car ownership.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Fredrik
(författare)
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Towards a sustainable mobility paradigm? An assessment of three policy measures
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Transportation and mobility are important components in the organisation and structure of people´s daily activities, but the transport sector has considerable environmental impacts, e.g. greenhouse gas emissions and land use. Governance of the sector is difficult, as there is an ongoing a shift in governance structures away from hierarchical towards more collaborative governance. Given these challenges, it may be necessary to shift the focus from mobility to accessibility and to adopt a new paradigm in transport planning.This thesis critically investigates what a paradigm shift might mean for the Swedish national and municipal transport, housing and parking planning context and examines what a Social Practice Theory framework could contribute in analysing such a paradigm shift. This is done by investigating three different policies that are arguably in line with a shift in planning paradigms.All three policy measures open up decision making to different stakeholders or even citizens, reflecting a shift in governance, and all highlight the need to shift the focus from physical infrastructure to accessibility, through collaboration with a range of stakeholders. However, in each case, current conditions and practices render a transition more difficult.The Swedish Transport Administration (STA) states the importance of reducing the need to travel and of using existing infrastructure more efficiently, and stipulates that these types of measures should be considered before new infrastructure investments. However, the STA has a limited mandate to finance these measures, resulting in ambiguous signals and frustration among regional STA officials. This thesis shows that making the STA’s mandate more function-oriented would facilitate a transition in line with the sustainable mobility paradigm.Another policy measure discussed in the thesis is a shift from minimum parking requirements, where developers are required to build a minimum number of parking spaces, to flexible parking requirements, where the number of parking spaces provided depends on the local context and where other mobility services may replace the need for physical parking spaces. In this thesis, people who have bought apartments in developments with flexible parking requirements were surveyed in order to understand their practices and how they perceive and plan to use the mobility services provided.The feasibility of using a new parking management tool, Parking Benefit Districts, in a European context (Stockholm, Sweden) was assessed. In a Parking Benefit Districts system, parking charges are implemented, increased or extended to curb parking, with the revenues being returned to the area where the charges are imposed and with citizens, or other stakeholders, participating in decisions on how to use the revenues. The underlying intention is to increase acceptance of parking charges, as on-street parking charges may be deemed necessary by planners, but are unpopular among citizens and other stakeholders. This thesis shows that there are no legal barriers to implementing a Parking Benefit District programme in Sweden, but there are some limitations on how revenues can be used. Moreover, Sweden does not have this planning tradition and the programme may not be perceived as legitimate. Another important issue is equity and participation, e.g. it is important to consider who to include and how to include them.Overall, the policy measures studied involve a shift away from an infrastructure-centred to a people-centred approach. However, other planning practices and institutions may push in different directions. This thesis shows that a Social Practice Theory framework can be useful as a lens through which researchers and policymakers view possible changes needed to achieve a sustainable mobility paradigm.
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| 7. |
- Perk, Joep, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Ny vårdmodell för prevention efter akut kranskärlssjukdom
- 2016
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Swedish Medical Association. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 113:51-52, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kardiologföreningens arbetsgrupp för levnadsvanor och arbetsgruppen för SPICI-studien har tillsammans med Riksförbundet HjärtLung tagit fram en ny vårdmodell för prevention/rehabilitering vid kranskärlssjukdom.
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| 8. |
- Perk, Joep, et al.
(författare)
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Study of patient information after percutaneous coronary intervention (SPICI) : should prevention programmes become more effective?
- 2015
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Ingår i: EuroIntervention. - : EuroPCR. - 1774-024X .- 1969-6213. ; 10:11, s. e1-e7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This cross-sectional observational study was designed to evaluate the uptake and outcome of patient education after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and results: A questionnaire containing 41 items was handed out to consecutive patients from randomly selected Swedish hospitals after PCI. Questions concerned the patient's attribution of the cause of the cardiac event, perception of the information provided by physicians and nurses, and a self-assessment of changes in lifestyle post PCI regarding tobacco, physical activity, food habits and stress. Replies were obtained from 1,073 patients (reply rate 67%). Non-modifiable risk factors (age, heredity) were attributed a higher rate as the cause of disease compared to modifiable factors (smoking, physical activity, food habits). Most patients (67%) perceived they were cured, and 38% perceived from the given information that there was no need to change their habits. A mere 27% reported that they still had cardiovascular disease and needed behavioural change. After PCI, 16% continued to use tobacco; half of these were offered smoking cessation support. In spite of an 80% referral rate to cardiac rehabilitation, one out of two patients did not enrol. Fewer than half were regularly physically active. Nutritional counselling was provided to 71%, but only 40% changed food habits. Stress management programmes were rarely provided.Conclusions: Current preventive practice scarcely meets the challenge posed by the progress in modern invasive cardiology. The Study of Patient Information after percutaneous Coronary Intervention (SPICI) motivates an in-depth revision and adaptation of cardiac rehabilitation programmes in order to improve patient understanding of the disease, and to support greater compliance with a cardioprotective lifestyle.
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| 9. |
- Roll, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Word tones cueing morphosyntactic structure: Neuroanatomical substrates and activation time-course assessed by EEG and fMRI.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Brain and Language. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2155 .- 0093-934X. ; 150, s. 14-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies distinguish between right hemisphere-dominant processing of prosodic/tonal information and left-hemispheric modulation of grammatical information as well as lexical tones. Swedish word accents offer a prime testing ground to better understand this division. Although similar to lexical tones, word accents are determined by words' morphosyntactic structure, which enables listeners to use the tone at the beginning of a word to predict its grammatical ending. We recorded electrophysiological and hemodynamic brain responses to words where stem tones matched or mismatched inflectional suffixes. Tones produced brain potential effects after 136ms, correlating with subject variability in average BOLD in left primary auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus. Invalidly cued suffixes activated the left inferior parietal lobe, arguably reflecting increased processing cost of their meaning. Thus, interaction of word accent tones with grammatical morphology yielded a rapid neural response correlating in subject variability with activations in predominantly left-hemispheric brain areas.
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| 10. |
- Thomasson, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Ett litet stycke av Helsingborg : Om flytt och framväxt av stadskvarteren på Fredriksdal
- 2015
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Ingår i: Fredriksdal : museer och trädgårdar - museer och trädgårdar. - 0440-663X. - 918727437X ; 40, s. 197-217
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A piece of Helsingborg – about the moving of older buildings from the town and the making of an urban area at the Fredriksdal open-air museum The article tells the different stories of how fifteen houses, which during a period from the late 1930s until the 1960s, were moved from the town centre to the open-air museum at Fredriksdal, a part of the municipality museum. It depicts the struggle between modernisation and preservation of old neighbourhoods in the city centre. If older precious buildings had to be demolished, it was up to the museums officials to at least document them in a proper way. Already in the beginning of the 20th century there existed a belief that buildings could be preserved by moving them to another place. It turned out to be much more complicated and more expensive, to move and rebuild townhouses than buildings from the countryside. The first part of the article describes the power play between the museum officials, striving politicians and building contractors. This concerned which buildings should be preserved in-situ, as well as which ones that should be moved to the museum and how this could be funded. The second part explores the process from documentation on the original site to the rebuilding at the open-air museum. What was documented, which building materials were preserved and then reused, which actors were involved and how they interacted are some of the questions that are asked. The end result is, despite the museums ambitions for authenticity and quest for scientific procedures in handling the moves, that the houses are quite different from the ones that were deconstructed.
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