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- Ulleryd, Peter, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Legionnaires' disease from a cooling tower in a community outbreak in Lidkoping, Sweden-epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigation supported by meteorological modelling
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2334. ; 12, s. 313-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease took place in the Swedish town Lidkoping on Lake Vanern in August 2004 and the number of pneumonia cases at the local hospital increased markedly. As soon as the first patients were diagnosed, health care providers were informed and an outbreak investigation was launched. Methods: Classical epidemiological investigation, diagnostic tests, environmental analyses, epidemiological typing and meteorological methods. Results: Thirty-two cases were found. The median age was 62 years (range 36 - 88) and 22 (69%) were males. No common indoor exposure was found. Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was found at two industries, each with two cooling towers. In one cooling tower exceptionally high concentrations, 1.2 x 10(9) cfu/L, were found. Smaller amounts were also found in the other tower of the first industry and in one tower of the second plant. Sero-and genotyping of isolated L. pneumophila serogroup 1 from three patients and epidemiologically suspected environmental strains supported the cooling tower with the high concentration as the source. In all, two L. pneumophila strains were isolated from three culture confirmed cases and both these strains were detected in the cooling tower, but one strain in another cooling tower as well. Meteorological modelling demonstrated probable spread from the most suspected cooling tower towards the town centre and the precise location of four cases that were stray visitors to Lidkoping. Conclusions: Classical epidemiological, environmental and microbiological investigation of an LD outbreak can be supported by meteorological modelling methods. The broad competence and cooperation capabilities in the investigation team from different authorities were of paramount importance in stopping this outbreak.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Peter, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Didaktiska fördjupningskurser för universitetslärare inom och utom lärarutbildningen.
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 2010 föreslog Lärarutbildningsnämnden (LUN) ett projekt kallat Didaktiska fördjupningskurser för universitetslärare inom och utom lärarutbildningen, vilket skulle utföras inom ramen för PIL:s högskolepedagogiska utvecklingsverksamhet. Bakgrunden till projektet ligger i Göteborgs universitets vision om kompletta akademiska miljöer. Lärarutbildningen, som är en mycket decentraliserad utbildning, har dock mycket begränsade möjligheter att skapa en sådan miljö. Den fakultetsgemensamma forskarskolan Centrum för utbildningsvetenskap och lärarforskning (CUL) är en del av en långsiktig strategi för att skapa en komplett miljö. Vidare har LUN konstaterat att didaktiska fördjupningskurser för lärarutbildare kan vara ett annat sätt att hantera ovanstående problematik genom att skapa en gemensam högskoledidaktisk grund för lärarutbildarna på GU. Projektförslaget hade som inriktning att utveckla två högskoledidaktiska fördjupningskurser om 7,5 högskolepoäng (hp) vardera. Den första kursen skulle vara av mer allmän högskoledidaktisk karaktär och den andra kursen skulle vara riktad mot de av GU:s lärare som medverkar inom lärarprogrammen. En arbetsgrupp tillsattes för att genomföra projektet under hösten 2011. Resultatet av detta arbete är förslag till tre kursplaner (se bilaga 1, 2 och 3) om 5 hp vardera inom fältet högskolepedagogik. Dessa kurser syftar till att bygga på, fördjupa och utveckla de kunskaper och färdigheter som lärare vid GU tillägnat sig inom ramen för befintliga kurser i grundläggande högskolepedagogik som ges av PIL (HPE100-serien). Den första kursen – Allmän högskoledidaktik, 5 hp – fokuserar på grundläggande didaktiska frågor med fokus på begreppet användbarhet. Den andra kursen – Ämnesdidaktik för lärarutbildare, 5 hp – fokuserar på de interna och externa aspekter av samverkan som karaktäriserar lärarutbildningen. Den tredje kursen - Fördjupningsarbete i högskoledidaktik, 5 hp – syftar till att kursdeltagaren inom ramen för ett självständigt arbete ska utforska lärarutbildningens dubbla konstnärliga/vetenskapliga grund i relation till det egna ämnes-/kunskapsfältet. Kursernas övergripande mål är att stärka en formell och reell didaktisk kompetensutveckling av GU:s lärarkår och förväntas därigenom bidra till en ökad utbildningskvalitet inom Göteborgs universitet i allmänhet och för lärarprogrammen i synnerhet.
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| 3. |
- Mirzada, Naqibullah, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Seven-year follow-up of percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale
- 2013
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Ingår i: IJC Heart and Vessels. - : Elsevier BV. - 2214-7632. ; 1, s. 32-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Observational studies favor percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) over medical treatment to reduce recurrent stroke while randomized trials fail to demonstrate significant superiority of percutaneous PFO closure. Few long-term studies are available post PFO closure. This study reports long-term clinical outcomes after percutaneous PFO closure. Methods: Between 1997 and 2006, 86 consecutive eligible patients with cerebrovascular events, presumably related to PFO, underwent percutaneous PFO closure. All 86 patients were invited to a long-term follow-up, which was carried out during 2011 and 2012. Results: Percutaneous PFO closure was successfully performed in 85 of 86 patients. The follow-up rate was 100%. No cardiovascular or cerebrovascular deaths occurred. Two patients (both women) died from lung cancer during follow-up. Follow-up visits were conducted for 64 patients and the remaining 20 patients were followed up by phone. The mean follow-up time was 7.3. years (5 to 12.4. years). Mean age at PFO closure was 49. years. One patient had a minor stroke one month after PFO closure and a transient ischemic attack (TIA) two years afterwards. One other patient suffered from a TIA six years after closure. No long-term device-related complications were observed. Conclusions: Percutaneous PFO closure was associated with very low risk of recurrent stroke and is suitable in most patients. We observed no mortality and no long-term device-related complications related to PFO closure, indicating that percutaneous PFO closure is a safe and efficient treatment even in the long term. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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| 5. |
- Wennerberg, Ann, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoporous TiO(3) Thin Film on Titanium Oral Implants for Enhanced Human Soft Tissue Adhesion: A Light and Electron Microscopy Study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical implant dentistry and related research. - : Wiley. - 1708-8208 .- 1523-0899.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT Background: Previous experimental studies have demonstrated direct soft tissue attachment for nanoporous titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) thin film on implants, while implants without TiO(2) thin film have not shown this capability. Purpose: The aims were to evaluate and compare TiO(2) surface-modified experimental microimplants with unmodified microimplants with respect to tissue interaction of the human oral mucosa evaluated by light microscopy on ground sections and semithin sections and transmission electron microscopy on ultrathin sections, and to characterize the inflammatory response and the level of the marginal bone resorption. Materials and Methods: The study was a single-center, randomized, comparative, clinical investigation with intrasubject comparison of implants with and without TiO(2) thin film in 15 patients. Results: Two comparator microimplants showed mild erythema and expulsion of fluids. The surrounding tissues around all test implants were clinically healthy. The oral mucosa in contact with the abutment part of the microimplant was 72% for the test implants and 48% for the comparator implants, a statistically significant difference (p = .0268). No statistically significant difference was found in other histological variables. The marginal bone loss in 14 weeks was 0.5 mm for the stable test (n = 11) and 1.7 mm for the stable comparator implants (n = 9; p = .0248). Conclusions: The nanoporous TiO(2) surface modification has potential clinical benefits because of increased adherence of soft tissue and possible reduced bone resorption.
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| 6. |
- Wennerås, Christine, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Distinct Inflammatory Mediator Patterns Characterize Infectious and Sterile Systemic Inflammation in Febrile Neutropenic Hematology Patients
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Invasive infections and sterile tissue damage can both give rise to systemic inflammation with fever and production of inflammatory mediators. This makes it difficult to diagnose infections in patients who are already inflamed, e.g. due to cell and tissue damage. For example, fever in patients with hematological malignancies may depend on infection, lysis of malignant cells, and/or chemotherapy-induced mucosal damage. We hypothesized that it would be possible to distinguish patterns of inflammatory mediators characterizing infectious and non-infectious causes of inflammation, respectively. Analysis of a broad range of parameters using a multivariate method of pattern recognition was done for this purpose. Methods: In this prospective study, febrile (>38 degrees C) neutropenic patients (n = 42) with hematologic malignancies were classified as having or not having a microbiologically defined infection by an infectious disease specialist. In parallel, blood was analyzed for 116 biomarkers, and 23 clinical variables were recorded for each patient. Using O-PLS (orthogonal projection to latent structures), a model was constructed based on these 139 variables that could separate the infected from the non-infected patients. Non-discriminatory variables were discarded until a final model was reached. Finally, the capacity of this model to accurately classify a validation set of febrile neutropenic patients (n = 10) as infected or non-infected was tested. Results: A model that could segregate infected from non-infected patients was achieved based on discrete differences in the levels of 40 variables. These variables included acute phase proteins, cytokines, measures of coagulation, metabolism, organ stress and iron turn-over. The model correctly identified the infectious status of nine out of ten subsequently recruited febrile neutropenic hematology patients. Conclusions: It is possible to separate patients with infectious inflammation from those with sterile inflammation based on inflammatory mediator patterns. This strategy could be developed into a decision-making tool for diverse clinical applications.
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