| 1. |
- Söderström, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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5alfa-reductase 2 polymorphisms as risk factors in prostate cancer
- 2002
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Ingår i: Pharmacogenetics. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0960-314X .- 1473-561X. ; 12:4, s. 307-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prostate cancer is a significant cause of death in Western countries and is under the strong influence of androgens. The steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 catalyzes the metabolism of testosterone into the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone in the prostate gland. The enzyme is a target in pharmacological treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia using specific inhibitors such as finasteride. Makridakis et al. have characterized the V89L and A49T polymorphisms in recombinant expression systems. The L allelic variant has a lower Vmax/Km ratio than the V variant. In the A49T polymorphism, the T variant has an increased Vmax/Km ratio. We performed a population-based case-control study of the impact of the SRD5A2 V89L and A49T polymorphisms on the risk of prostate cancer. We also studied the relation between the genotypes and age at diagnosis, tumor, node, metastasis stage, differentiation grade, prostate specific antigen and heredity. The study included 175 prostate cancer patients and 159 healthy controls that were matched for age. There was an association with SRD5A2 V89L LL genotype and metastases at the time of diagnosis, OR 5.67 (95% CI 1.44-22.30) when adjusted for age, differentiation grade, T-stage and prostate specific antigen. Heterozygous prostate cancer cases that carried the SRD5A2 A49T AT genotype were significantly younger than cases that carried the AA genotype, (mean age 66 years vs 71, P = 0.038). The SRD5A2 V89L and A49T polymorphisms were, however, not associated with altered prostate cancer risk. Further studies of the V89L polymorphism may lead to better understanding of the etiology of prostate cancer metastases.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Tyler, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Skånes mossor.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Floran i Skåne. Vegetation och utflyktsmål.. - 9197102148 ; , s. 117-124
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 4. |
- Bäckström, Torbjörn, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Pathogenesis in menstrual cycle-linked CNS disorders.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923 .- 1749-6632. ; 1007, s. 42-53
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Bäckström, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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The role of hormones and hormonal treatments in premenstrual syndrome
- 2003
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Ingår i: CNS Drugs. - 1172-7047 .- 1179-1934. ; 17:5, s. 325-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a menstrual cycle-linked condition with both mental and physical symptoms. Most women of fertile age experience cyclical changes but consider them normal and not requiring treatment. Up to 30% of women feel a need for treatment. The aetiology is still unclear, but sex steroids produced by the corpus luteum of the ovary are thought to be symptom provoking, as the cyclicity disappears in anovulatory cycles when a corpus luteum is not formed. Progestogens and progesterone together with estrogen are able to induce similar symptoms as seen in PMS. Symptom severity is sensitive to the dosage of estrogen. The response systems within the brain known to be involved in PMS symptoms are the serotonin and GABA systems. Progesterone metabolites, especially allopregnanolone, are neuroactive, acting via the GABA system in the brain. Allopregnanolone has similar effects as benzodiazepines, barbiturates and alcohol; all these substances are known to induce adverse mood effects at low dosages in humans and animals. SSRIs and substances inhibiting ovulation, such as gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, have proven to be effective treatments. To avoid adverse effects when high dosages of GnRH agonists are used, add-back hormone replacement therapy is recommended. Spironolactone also has a beneficial effect, although not as much as SSRIs and GnRH agonists.
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| 6. |
- Christensen, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Thawing sub-arctic permafrost : Effects on vegetation and methane emissions
- 2004
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 31:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystems along the 0degreesC mean annual isotherm are arguably among the most sensitive to changing climate and mires in these regions emit significant amounts of the important greenhouse gas methane (CH4) to the atmosphere. These CH4 emissions are intimately related to temperature and hydrology, and alterations in permafrost coverage, which affect both of those, could have dramatic impacts on the emissions. Using a variety of data and information sources from the same region in subarctic Sweden we show that mire ecosystems are subject to dramatic recent changes in the distribution of permafrost and vegetation. These changes are most likely caused by a warming, which has been observed during recent decades. A detailed study of one mire show that the permafrost and vegetation changes have been associated with increases in landscape scale CH4 emissions in the range of 22-66% over the period 1970 to 2000.
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| 7. |
- Ekman, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Skånes lavar
- 2003
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Ingår i: Floran i Skåne. Vegetation och utflyktsmål.. - 9197102148 ; , s. 125-132
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Fredrik
(författare)
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Det reglerade undantaget : högerns jordbrukspolitik 1904-2004
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Agricultural policy and protectionism were major forces behind the foundation of the Swedish Conservative Party (AVF, later Högerpartiet and now Moderata samlingspartiet). Agriculture was seen as a traditional way of life and as such agriculture was deemed important enough to be protected by tariffs. The party also had a strong agrarian phalange in its ranks. The thesis deals with the agricultural policy of the party and its predecessors during the 20th century. The main focus is to explain how the party has dealt with agricultural policy during the period. Due to the reasons mentioned above agricultural policy became a regulated exception of the party. This meant that the party accepted protectionism and other exceptions when it came to agriculture. Things that would not have been accepted in other areas. The main reason for this agricultural exceptionalism was the power of the farmers within the party structure. This, in combination with the Swedish neutrality and preparedness for war, lay behind this view on agriculture . Through neutrality agriculture became a factor in Swedish defense policy and as such ruled by consensus. For the conservatives agriculture and the farmers were seen as an important group within the electorate. Agriculture was also ideologically important through its traditionalism. In combination with strong groups of farmers within the party and the issue of preparedness led to a party policy where agriculture was something particular and an exception from normal policy. The agricultural policy of the party is studied on the ideological level, the internal party level and on the level of non-socialist party cooperation. The party policy during the century showed a remarkable continuity and the party in general defended agriculture from all threats of deregulation up until 1990 when a broad political decision was taken and agriculture was deregulated. The question of Swedish membership in the European Union is also adressed since it meant that agriculture had to be regulated once more.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Using chemometrics for navigating in the large data sets of genomics, proteomics, and metabonomics (gpm)
- 2004
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Ingår i: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 380:3, s. 419-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the applicability of multivariate projection techniques, such as principal-component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares (PLS) projections to latent structures, to the large-volume high-density data structures obtained within genomics, proteomics, and metabonomics. PCA and PLS, and their extensions, derive their usefulness from their ability to analyze data with many, noisy, collinear, and even incomplete variables in both X and Y. Three examples are used as illustrations: the first example is a genomics data set and involves modeling of microarray data of cell cycle-regulated genes in the microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The second example contains NMR-metabonomics data, measured on urine samples of male rats treated with either of the drugs chloroquine or amiodarone. The third and last data set describes sequence-function classification studies in a set of G-protein-coupled receptors using hierarchical PCA.
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| 10. |
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