| 1. |
- Dawson, George J., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence studies of GB virus-C infection using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction
- 1996
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - 1096-9071. ; 50:1, s. 97-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among the three recently described GB viruses (GBV-A, GBV-B, and GBV-C), only GBV-C has been linked to cryptogenic hepatitis in man. Because of the limited utility of currently available research tests to determine antibody response to GBV-C proteins, the prevalence of GBV-C RNA in human sera was studied using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The prevalence of GBV-C is higher among volunteer blood donors with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (3.9%) than among volunteer blood donors with normal ALT levels (0.8%). Higher rates were also noted among commercial blood donors (12.9%) and intravenous drug users (16.0%). GBV-C was frequently detected in residents of West Africa, where the prevalence was > 10% in most age groups. Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed with either acute or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) were found to be positive for GBV-C RNA. In addition, GBV-C RNA sequences were detected in individuals diagnosed with non-A-E hepatitis, with clinical courses ranging from mild disease to fulminant hepatitis. Fourteen of sixteen subjects with or without clinically apparent hepatitis were positive for GBV-C RNA more than 1 year after the initial positive result.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Sims, D. A., et al.
(författare)
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The He(γ,n) reaction: a potential testing ground for the alpha-particle wavefunction
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - 0370-2693. ; 442:1-4, s. 43-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential cross sections (σ(Eγ,θn)) for the He(γ,n) reaction have been measured at Eγ=50–71 MeV and θn=30–120°. These data are compared with theoretical predictions where a microscopic calculation of the He and He wavefunctions has been made within the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas, integral-equation formalism.
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| 4. |
- Smith-Warner, Stephanie A., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol and breast cancer in women : A pooled analysis of cohort studies
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 279:7, s. 535-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of invasive breast cancer associated with total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption and to evaluate whether dietary and nondietary factors modify the association. DATA SOURCES: We included in these analyses 6 prospective studies that had at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessed long-term intake of food and nutrients, and used a validated diet assessment instrument. The studies were conducted in Canada, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. Alcohol intake was estimated by food frequency questionnaires in each study. The studies included a total of 322647 women evaluated for up to 11 years, including 4335 participants with a diagnosis of incident invasive breast cancer. DATA EXTRACTION: Pooled analysis of primary data using analyses consistent with each study's original design and the random-effects model for the overall pooled analyses. DATA SYNTHESIS: For alcohol intakes less than 60 g/d (reported by >99% of participants), risk increased linearly with increasing intake; the pooled multivariate relative risk for an increment of 10 g/d of alcohol (about 0.75-1 drink) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.13; P for heterogeneity among studies, .71). The multivariate-adjusted relative risk for total alcohol intakes of 30 to less than 60 g/d (about 2-5 drinks) vs nondrinkers was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.18-1.69). Limited data suggested that alcohol intakes of at least 60 g/d were not associated with further increased risk. The specific type of alcoholic beverage did not strongly influence risk estimates. The association between alcohol intake and breast cancer was not modified by other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption is associated with a linear increase in breast cancer incidence in women over the range of consumption reported by most women. Among women who consume alcohol regularly, reducing alcohol consumption is a potential means to reduce breast cancer risk.
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| 5. |
- Aabloo, A, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular dynamics simulation of Nd3+ ions in a crystalline PEO surface
- 1998
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Ingår i: ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA. - 0013-4686. ; 43:10-11, s. 1361-1364
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Poly(ethylene oxide) based electrolytes are systems in which ionic salts are dissolved into an amorphous EO matrix. Potentials developed earlier to model crystalline and amorphous bulk PEO systems are here used for the MD simulation at 400 K of the behavi
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| 6. |
- Aabloo, A, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular dynamics simulations of a poly(ethylene oxide) surface
- 1997
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Ingår i: POLYMER. - 0032-3861. ; 38:18, s. A47-A51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Potentials developed earlier for crystalline and amorphous bulk PEO systems have been used for the MD simulation of a PEO surface model. The surface comprises the outer region of a 122 Angstrom-thick sheet of PEO in which the PEO, -(CH2-CH2-O)(n)- chains
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| 7. |
- Abeysekera, John D.A., et al.
(författare)
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A Scandinavian perspective on human factors testing of personal protective devices
- 1997
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Ingår i: Performance of protective clothing. - West Conshohocken, Pa : ASTM International. - 0803124023 ; , s. 283-292
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testing for protection performance and human factors in personal protective devices (PPD) can be undertaken using a standardised methodology. The standardised methodology for performance testing is used for the certification of PPD. However, it is unfortunate that methods of testing for human factors and wearability of PPD are scarce, and even the methods that do exist are not always refined or standardised. In both hot and cold environments, thermal comfort is an important user need of PPD. To test the thermal characteristics of PPD, methods providing objective data are available, yet they are not always standardised. An exception exists for insulation testing of clothing, for which standardised methods have been developed. The fit of PPD is also a priority need among wearers. Clothing fit is often tested subjectively. The objective methods developed to test the fit of PPD and clothing again require refinement and standardisation. Wearability of PPD urgently requires the development and standardisation of both objective and subjective testing methods. This paper provides insights into some testing methods on human factors of PPD that have been particularly useful over the years.
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| 8. |
- Abeysekera, John D.A.
(författare)
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Ergonomics for effective collaboration
- 1997
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Ingår i: African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety. - 0788-4877. ; :2, s. 27-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Abeysekera, John D. A., et al.
(författare)
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The need for research on human factors regarding personal protective devices in the cold environment
- 1996
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Ingår i: Performance of protective clothing. - West Conshohocken, Pa : ASTM International. - 0803119879
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human factors or wearability needs of personal protective devices (ppd) and clothing (ppc) worn in the cold environment become more important as they must compromise with, and be adapted to, the clothing worn for cold protection. The occupational risks among outdoor workers in the cold can be aggravated if the wearability demands of ppd are not met. Failure to adequately meet user needs in currently used ppd in the cold environment has resulted in discomfort, injury, non-use and performance decrement among outdoor workers, particularly in the extreme cold regions. A preliminary study consisting of a literature survey in popular data bases and questionnaire survey among users of ppd, were carried out to ascertain what studies have already been conducted in this area and whether a wearability problem really exists among users, respectively. The literature revealed some specific areas where wearability problems exist and some research carried out on methods of testing of ergonomic characteristics of ppd. The questionnaire among ppd users in the cold climate confirmed that the workers do confront many inadequacies in the use of ppd. A case study carried out on ergonomic demands of safety shoes in the cold climate among users, manufacturers and experts revealed a similar trend of demands and priorities in ergonomics of shoes among all three groups. From the findings of the preliminary study it can be concluded that human factors research in ppd and particularly ppd worn on body extremities, viz. safety helmets, shoes and gloves, for use in the cold environment, seem urgent. Some research needs in the development of methods of testing for ppd evaluation are suggested.
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