| 1. |
- Bajor, Antal, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Normal or increased bile acid uptake in isolated mucosa from patients with bile acid malabsorption.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. - 0954-691X. ; 18:4, s. 397-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Bile acid malabsorption as reflected by an abnormal 75Se-labelled homocholic acid-taurine (75SeHCAT) test is associated with diarrhoea, but the mechanisms and cause-and-effect relations are unclear. Objectives: Primarily, to determine whether there is a reduced active bile acid uptake in the terminal ileum in patients with bile acid malabsorption. Secondarily, to study the linkage between bile acid malabsorption and hepatic bile acid synthesis. Methods: Ileal biopsies were taken from patients with diarrhoea and from controls with normal bowel habits. Maximal active bile acid uptake was assessed in ileal biopsies using a previously validated technique based on uptake of 14C-labelled taurocholate. To monitor the hepatic synthesis, 7[alpha]-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, a bile acid precursor, was assayed in blood. The 75SeHCAT-retention test was used to diagnose bile acid malabsorption. Results: The taurocholate uptake in specimens from diarrhoea patients was higher compared with the controls [median, 7.7 (n=53) vs 6.1 [mu]mol/g per min (n=17)] (P<0.01) but no difference was seen between those with bile acid malabsorption (n=18) versus diarrhoea with a normal 75SeHCAT test (n=23). The 75SeHCAT values and 7[alpha]-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one were inversely correlated. Conclusions: The data do not support bile acid malabsorption being due to a reduced active bile acid uptake capacity in the terminal ileum. (C) 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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| 2. |
- Barreto Henriksson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Transplantation of human mesenchymal stems cells into intervertebral discs in a xenogeneic porcine model.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Spine. - 1528-1159. ; 34:2, s. 141-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Experimental and descriptive study of a xenotransplantation model in minipigs. OBJECTIVE: To study survival and function of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) after transplantation into injured porcine spinal discs, as a model for cell therapy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Biologic treatment options of the intervertebral disc are suggested for patients with chronic low back pain caused by disc degeneration. METHODS: Three lumbar discs in each of 9 minipigs were injured by aspiration of the nucleus pulposus (NP), 2 weeks later hMSCs were injected in F12 media suspension (cell/med) or with a hydrogel carrier (Puramatrix) (cell/gel). The animals were sacrificed after 1, 3, or 6 months. Disc appearance was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. Immunohistochemistry methods were used to detect hMSCs by antihuman nuclear antibody staining, and further performed for Collagen II, Aggrecan, and Collagen I. SOX 9, Aggrecan, Versican, Collagen IA, and Collagen IIA and Collagen IIB human mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: At magnetic resonance imaging all injured discs demonstrated degenerative signs. Cell/gel discs showed fewer changes compared with cell/med discs and only injured discs at later time points. hMSCs were detected in 9 of 10 of the cell/gel discs and in 8 of 9 of the cell/med discs. Immunostaining for Aggrecan and Collagen type II expression were observed in NP after 3 and 6 months in gel/cell discs and colocalized with the antihuman nuclear antibody. mRNA expression of Collagen IIA, Collagen IIB, Versican, Collagen 1A, Aggrecan, and SOX9 were detected in both cell/med and cell/gel discs at the time points 3 and 6 months by real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: hMSCs survive in the porcine disc for at least 6 months and express typical chondrocyte markers suggesting differentiation toward disc-like cells. As in autologous animal models the combination with a three-dimensional-hydrogel carrier seems to facilitate differentiation and survival of MSCs in the disc. Xenotransplantation seems to be valuable in evaluating the possibility for human cell therapy treatment for intervertebral discs.
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| 3. |
- Björntorp Mark, Elisabeth, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of genes involved in the regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin
- 2006
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Ingår i: Arch Dermatol Res. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-3696. ; 297:10, s. 459-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been suggested that the up-regulation of the tumour suppressor p16 gene and induction of senescence protect the phenotype of psoriatic involved skin from malignant transformation. On the other hand, Id1, which is inversely correlated with p16 has been shown to be up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin. To test the hypothesis that there may be an altered regulation of p16 in psoriatic involved skin, we have measured genes involved in the Igf-1 receptor signalling through the Ras/MAPK cascade. Igf-1R, IGFBP3, hRas, Ets2, JunB, Egr-1, Id1, MIDA1 and p16 gene expressions were measured using quantitative real-time PCR in total RNA isolated from punch biopsies from psoriatic involved (n = 9) and uninvolved skin (n = 9) and from cutaneous squamous cell cancer (SCC) involved (n = 8) and uninvolved skin (n = 8). The IGFBP3, hRas, JunB, Egr-1, Id1 and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in psoriatic involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. The p16, JunB and MIDA1 genes were up-regulated in SCC involved skin compared with uninvolved skin. Our results indicate that there may be a balance between the proliferation and induction of senescence in psoriasis. This balance may vary and the psoriatic involved skin represented in this study appears to be in a proliferative state rather than senescence. Furthermore, we suggest that the noted up-regulation of JunB, which has been shown to up-regulate p16, in combination with the previously reported elevation of p16 expression in psoriatic involved skin, may indicate activation of a pathway by which JunB may protect the psoriatic plaque by inducing p16 in an event of malignant stress.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Camilla, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Notch and HES5 are regulated during human cartilage differentiation.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cell and tissue research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 327:3, s. 539-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The molecular mechanisms of cartilage differentiation are poorly understood. In a variety of tissues other than cartilage, members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors have been demonstrated to play critical roles in differentiation. We have characterized the human bHLH gene HES5 and investigated its role during chondrogenesis. Blockage of the Notch signaling pathway with a gamma-secretase inhibitor has demonstrated that the human HES5 gene is a downstream marker of Notch signaling in articular chondrocytes. Markers for the Notch signaling pathway significantly decrease during cartilage differentiation in vitro. Cell proliferation assayed by using BrdU has revealed that blockage of Notch signaling is associated with significantly decreased proliferation. Northern blot and reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction of a panel of various tissues have shown that HES5 is transcribed as a 5.4-kb mRNA that is ubiquitously expressed in diverse fetal and adult tissues. Articular cartilage from HES5(-/-) and wild-type mice has been analyzed by using various histological stains. No differences have been detected between the wild-type and HES5(-/-) mice. Our data thus indicate that the human HES5 gene is coupled to the Notch receptor family, that expression of Notch markers (including HES5) decreases during cartilage differentiation, and that the blockage of Notch signaling is associated with significantly decreased cell proliferation.
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| 5. |
- Lundberg, L, et al.
(författare)
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Weak and strong points in training of prehospital command and control. Are results possible to measure?
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Review of the Armed Forces Medical Services / Revue internationale des services de santé des forces armées. - Paris, France : International Committee of Military Medicine. - 0259-8582. ; 81:3, s. 131-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dans l'évaluation des entraînements et des exercices militaires, les points faibles sont souvent exprimés en termes généraux. C'est pourquoi il est difficile de savoir précisément ce qui nécessite une amélioration. Les leçons qui devraient en être tirées ont rarement été observées. Il est nécessaire d'avoir une approche méthodique et quantitative de ce problème et des outils sont maintenant disponibles. Les indicateurs de performance ont déjà été testés sur un exercice militaire, et se sont avérés applicables. La présente étude s'est intéressée de plus près à ces indicateurs de performance. Les critères mis en place pour les usages civils devraient pouvoir être utilisés dans dix cas sur onze. L'indicateur de performance où l'objectif n'est le plus souvent pas atteint est de pouvoir évacuer le premier patient en moins de 15 minutes. Le prochain pas est d'appliquer ces indicateurs à l'entraînement militaire de base, aux entraînements officiels de préparation aux missions ainsi qu'aux exercices réalisés dans la zone de mission.
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| 6. |
- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Neurochemical aftermath of amateur boxing
- 2006
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Ingår i: ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9942. ; 63:9, s. 1277-1280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Zetterberg, Henrik, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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No neurochemical evidence for brain injury caused by heading in soccer.
- 2007
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Ingår i: British journal of sports medicine. - : BMJ. - 1473-0480 .- 0306-3674. ; 41:9, s. 574-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The possible injurious effect to the brain of heading in soccer is a matter of discussion. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether standardised headings in soccer are associated with increased levels of biochemical markers for neuronal injury in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. METHODS: 23 male amateur soccer players took part in a heading training session involving heading a ball kicked from a distance of 30 m at least 10 m forward. Ten players performed 10 and 13 players performed 20 approved headings. The players underwent lumbar puncture and serum sampling 7-10 days after the headings. The study also included 10 healthy male non-athletic control subjects. CSF was analysed for neurofilament light protein, total tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100B and albumin concentrations. Serum was analysed for S-100B and albumin. RESULTS: None of the biomarker levels were abnormal and there were no significant differences between any of the three groups, except for a slightly increased CSF S-100B concentration in controls compared with headers. Biomarker levels did not correlate with the number of headings performed. CONCLUSION: Repeated low-severity head impacts due to heading in soccer are not associated with any neurochemical signs of injury to the brain.
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