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- Sjöström, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish obese subjects (SOS). Recruitment for an intervention study and a selected description of the obese state
- 1992
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. ; 19, s. 465-479
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgren's Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden. SOS (Swedish obese subjects) is an on-going intervention trial designed to determine whether the mortality and morbidity rates among obese individuals who lose weight by surgical means (gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty and gastric by-pass) differ from the rates associated with conventional treatment. For this purpose, the study is recruiting a sample of obese men and women who constitute a registry of potential subjects from which the participants are drawn. Eligibility criteria for participation in the registry were: age at application 37-57 years and BMI greater than or equal to 34 kg/m2 for men and greater than or equal to 38 kg/m2 for women. Before receiving a health examination, all patients complete extensive questionnaires on current and past health status, utilization of medical care and medications, socio-economic status, psychological profiles, dietary habits, physical activity, weight history, and familial disposition to obesity. Each surgical case is matched to its optimal control in the registry, to ensure that the two groups do not differ systematically with respect to any of 18 matching variables that may affect prognosis. The first 1006 subjects included in the registry have been studied with respect to morbidity and compared with on-going population studies of men and women in Göteborg, Sweden. The relative risks of prevalent disease and symptoms associated with obesity in 50-year-old males and females respectively were 4.3 and 4.7 (dyspnoea), 14.7 and 11.8 (angina), 6.3 (myocardial infarction, males only), 2.1 and 4.5 (hypertension), 5.2 and 6.6 (diabetes), 4.6 and 26.1 (claudication) and 1.7 and 1.8 (gall bladder disease). Correspondingly, obese males and females display elevations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride, and uric acid levels. However, total cholesterol was not increased in obese males and was in fact significantly lower in obese compared with reference women. HDL-cholesterol was lower in obese than reference men (data were not available in reference women). The rate of taking sick pensions was over twice as high in SOS obese patients than in population controls. Finally, comparison of measurements with self-reported prevalence estimates revealed a considerable amount of previously undiagnosed hypertension and diabetes in the obese subjects. These data suggest that the excess health risks associated with obesity may not be fully appreciated. PMID: 1322873 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 2. |
- Håkansson, H., et al.
(författare)
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In vivo and in vitro toxicity of fractionated fish lipids, with particular regard to their content of chlorinated organic compounds
- 1991
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 0901-9928 .- 1600-0773. ; 69:6, s. 459-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Six different lipid matrices (the intact lipid (IL), four lipid fractions with different polarity, and the free fatty acids (FFAs) obtained by hydrolysis of the triacylglycerol (TAG) containing fraction) were obtained from salmon (Salmo salar) and eel (Anguilla anguilla), each collected at a contaminated and a comparatively uncontaminated catch site along the coast of Scandinavia. The lipid matrices were studied in toxicological test systems representing various biological functions of different organ systems from several species and trophic levels. The results were evaluated with particular respect to the concentrations of extractable organically bound chlorine (EOCl) in the matrices tested. In some test systems, the specimens with a higher EOCl concentration appeared to be more toxic. For example, the TAG containing fraction (F2) from Idefjord eel, having a higher EOCl content than F2 from Oslofjord eel, reduced the number and hatchability of eggs laid by zebrafish. Both IL and F2 of Idefjord eel increased mortality and reduced the oxygen/nitrogen-ratio in blue mussels. Non-polar compounds (F1) from Bothnian Sea salmon induced 7-ethoxyresurofin O-deethylase (EROD) activity in rainbow trout hepatocytes, whereas F1 from Senja salmon did not. F1 from Bothnian Sea salmon also reduced the number of T-cells in foetal mouse thymus anlagen in vitro compared with the cell number in anlagen exposed to F1 from Senja salmon. A positive correlation between EOCl concentration and test response was found for EROD activity in rainbow trout hepatocytes and for ATP-leakage in Erlich ascites tumour cells when testing the phospolipid containing fraction (F4). However, in most test systems the fish oils, irrespective of EOCl content, were of low toxicity, and the observed effects need to be verified in future studies.
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| 7. |
- Jonsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Experimentally determined deformations and stresses in narrow gap and single-U multi-pass butt-welded pipes
- 1991
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 1991. - New York : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. - 0791807193 ; , s. 17-24
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-pass butt-welding of thick walled pipes is studied. Two different groove shapes are used, single-U and narrow gap groove. Strains have been measured on both the pipe outer and inner surfaces during and after welding. Residual stresses and radial deflections have been measured on the outer surface after welding. The measured quantities are compared and discussed for the two different groove shapes. Residual stresses at the weld center and radial deflections were somewhat larger for the narrow gap groove. Furthermore, the residual stress fields for both grooves were found to be rotationally nonsymmetric. The experimentally obtained residual stresses and radial deflections are compared with corresponding analytical and empirical results based on methods from the literature and with numerical results for the same pipe from a separate study. Deviations between the measurements (on OX524D) and the results from the literature are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Jonsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Experimentally determined deformations and stresses in narrow-gap and single-U multi-pass butt-welded pipes
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering-Transactions of The Asme. - : ASME International. - 0892-7219 .- 1528-896X. ; 115:2, s. 116-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a study of the multi-pass butt-welding of thick-walled pipes. Two different groove shapes were used: single-U and narrow-gap grooves. Strains were measured on both the pipe outer and inner surfaces during and after welding. Residual stresses and radial deflections were measured on the outer surface after welding. Measured parameters of the two different groove shapes are compared and discussed. Residual stresses at the weld center and radial deflections in the narrow-gap pipe were somewhat larger than those in the single-U pipe. The residual stress fields of both types of groove were found to be rotationally nonsymmetrical. The experimentally obtained residual stresses and radial deflections are compared with corresponding analytical and empirical results based on methods described in the literature and with numerical results for the same pipe from a separate study. Deviations between the measurements presented in this study and published results are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Jonsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Heterogeneity of outer membrane proteins in Borrelia burgdorferi : comparison of osp operons of three isolates of different geographic origins.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Infection and Immunity. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0019-9567 .- 1098-5522. ; 60:5, s. 1845-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biochemical and immunochemical studies of the outer membrane proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi have shown that the OspA and OspB proteins from strains of different geographic origins may differ considerably in their reactivities with monoclonal antibodies and in their apparent molecular weights. To further characterize this variation in Osp proteins between strains, the osp operons and deduced translation products from two strains, one from Sweden (ACAI) and one from eastern Russia (Ip90), were studied. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot (immunoblot) analyses confirmed differences between ACAI, Ip90, and the North American strain B31 in their Osp proteins. The sequences of the ospA and ospB genes of ACAI and Ip90 were compared with that of the previously studied osp operon of B31 (S. Bergström, V. G. Bundoc, and A. G. Barbour, Mol. Microbiol. 3:479-486, 1989). The osp genes of ACAI and Ip90, like the corresponding genes of B31, were found on plasmids with apparent sizes of about 50 kb and are cotranscribed as a single unit. Pairwise comparisons of the nucleotide sequences revealed that the ospA genes of ACAI and Ip90 were 85 and 86% identical, respectively, to the ospA gene of strain B31 and 86% identical to each other. The ospB sequences of these two strains were 79% identical to the ospB gene of B31 and 81% identical to each other. There was significantly greater similarity between the ospA genes of the three different strains than there was between the ospA and ospB genes within each strain. These studies suggest that the duplication of osp genes in B. burgdorferi occurred before the geographical dispersion of strains represented by ACAI, Ip90, and B31.
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