| 1. |
- Anastasopoulou, Stavroula, et al.
(författare)
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Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia : Clinical characteristics, risk factors, course, and outcome of disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : WILEY. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 66:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a distinct entity with incompletely known predisposing factors. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence, risk factors, clinical course, and outcome of PRES in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Procedure: Patients aged 1.0 to 17.9 years diagnosed with ALL from July 2008 to December 2015 and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol were included. Patients with PRES were identified in the prospective NOPHO leukemia toxicity registry, and clinical data were collected from the medical records.Results: The study group included 1378 patients, of whom 52 met the criteria for PRES. The cumulative incidence of PRES at one month was 1.7% (95% CI, 1.1-2.5) and at one year 3.7% (95% CI, 2.9-4.9). Older age (hazard ratios [HR] for each one-year increase in age 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2, P = 0.001) and T-cell immunophenotype (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.3, P = 0.0005) were associated with PRES. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement (odds ratios [OR] = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2-6.5, P = 0.015) was associated with early PRES and high-risk block treatment (HR = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.1-6.4, P = 0.033) with late PRES. At follow-up of the PRES patients, seven patients had epilepsy and seven had neurocognitive difficulties.Conclusion: PRES is a neurotoxicity in the treatment of childhood ALL with both acute and long-term morbidity. Older age, T-cell leukemia, CNS involvement and high-risk block treatment are risk factors for PRES.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Nordlund, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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DNA methylation-based subtype prediction for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Epigenetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1868-7083 .- 1868-7075. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We present a method that utilizes DNA methylation profiling for prediction of the cytogenetic subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells from pediatric ALL patients. The primary aim of our study was to improve risk stratification of ALL patients into treatment groups using DNA methylation as a complement to current diagnostic methods. A secondary aim was to gain insight into the functional role of DNA methylation in ALL. Results: We used the methylation status of similar to 450,000 CpG sites in 546 well-characterized patients with T-ALL or seven recurrent B-cell precursor ALL subtypes to design and validate sensitive and accurate DNA methylation classifiers. After repeated cross-validation, a final classifier was derived that consisted of only 246 CpG sites. The mean sensitivity and specificity of the classifier across the known subtypes was 0.90 and 0.99, respectively. We then used DNA methylation classification to screen for subtype membership of 210 patients with undefined karyotype (normal or no result) or non-recurrent cytogenetic aberrations('other' subtype). Nearly half (n = 106) of the patients lacking cytogenetic subgrouping displayed highly similar methylation profiles as the patients in the known recurrent groups. We verified the subtype of 20% of the newly classified patients by examination of diagnostic karyotypes, array-based copy number analysis, and detection of fusion genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Using RNA-seq data from ALL patients where cytogenetic subtype and DNA methylation classification did not agree, we discovered several novel fusion genes involving ETV6, RUNX1, and PAX5. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that DNA methylation profiling contributes to the clarification of the heterogeneity in cytogenetically undefined ALL patient groups and could be implemented as a complementary method for diagnosis of ALL. The results of our study provide clues to the origin and development of leukemic transformation. The methylation status of the CpG sites constituting the classifiers also highlight relevant biological characteristics in otherwise unclassified ALL patients.
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| 4. |
- Ahlbeck Bergendahl, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2016 : Resursöversikt
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 41 fiskarter uppdelade i olika bestånd, samt sju skal- och blötdjursarter.Nytt för årets upplaga är kapitlet om ekosystemtjänster. Avsnittet beskriver de fördelar människan får genom ekosystemen, till exempel hur fisk och skaldjur kommer till nytta för människan genom föda, rekreation och biologisk mångfald. Nytt för i år är också att rapportens diagram och figurer anpassats för läsare med defekt färgseende.Översikten är utarbetad av SLU Aqua på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 5. |
- Ainegren, Mats, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Drag Area, Frontal Area and Drag Coefficient in Cross-Country Skiing Techniques
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings, Volume 2, ISEA 2018. - Basel Switzerland : MDPI.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the air drag, frontal area and coefficient of drag of cross-country skiing classical and free style techniques. One highly skilled cross-country skier performed skiing-like classical and free style techniques on a force plate in a wind tunnel. The skier was also photographed from the front in order to analyze the projected frontal area, which was determined from digital images using Matlab. From the results of the air drag and the frontal area measurements, the drag coefficient was also calculated. The results can be used by researchers to calculate the theoretical effect of air drag on cross-country skiing performance.
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| 6. |
- Alvesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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När ledarskapet krackelerar
- 2015
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att utöva ledarskap är ofta svårt. Inte sällan krackelerar eller kullkastas försök att leva upp till tjusiga ledarskapsideal. Boken skildrar ledarskapsförsök i praktiken och den bökiga verkligheten snarare än ledarskapsfantasier i en perfekt värld. Även om chefer gärna vill se sig som ledare med ambitioner att åstadkomma allt möjligt strategiskt och visionärt så är medarbetare inte alltid lyhörda och mottagliga. Krav på god administration dominerar chefsarbete. Genom att lägga fokus på ledarskap som en process med tänkbara krackeleringspunkter ger boken en mer realistisk bild av ledarskapsförsök. Detta stimulerar ett genomtänkt chefsarbete och ledarskapsförsök som inte bara slutar med magplask. Boken vänder sig till alla som vill förstå mera om ledarskapsprocesser i både teori och praktik. Den som tvivlar på allt för enkla ledarskapsrecept hittar bättre stöd och analysverktyg i sitt ledande i moderna organisationer. De som inte tvivlar finner kanske skäl att tänka om.
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| 7. |
- Alvesson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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The bumpy road to exercising leadership : Fragmentations in meaning and practice
- 2018
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Ingår i: Leadership. - : SAGE Publications. - 1742-7169 .- 1742-7150. ; 14:1, s. 40-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on a manager’s understanding of leadership and how this guides – or does not guide practice. The paper reports an empirical in-depth study of a middle manager in an international manufacturing company. We link our discussion to both – the mainstream leadership studies, which assume that managers have a solid type of leadership behavior, and authors with a meaning-oriented, linguistic approach to leadership, in which language, self-awareness, and behavior are linked. The present study suggests that leadership attempts can vary, be divisive, and that a manager’s advocacy efforts are driven by a multitude of different, partly opposing, forces, meaning a decoupling of ideas and behavior in leadership practice. The paper raises the question of whether managers’ meanings of leadership correspond with what they do in practice.
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Risk assessment of high concentrations of molybdenum in forage
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Geochemistry and Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0269-4042 .- 1573-2983. ; 4:6, s. 2685-2694
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molybdenum is toxic to ruminants when present in high levels in forage, causing physiological copper deficiency. A critical level for ruminants is 3–10 mg Mo kg−1 dry matter. The average Mo level varies considerably between different arable soils, depending mainly on soil parent material. This study investigated the possibility of using various existing sources of geospatial information (geophysical, biogeochemical and soil chemical) to develop a geography-based risk assessment system. Forage samples (n = 173) were collected in 2006–2007. Three types of national geoscientific datasets were tested: (1) SEPA topsoil, comprising data from arable land within the Swedish environmental monitoring programme; (2) SGU biogeochemical, containing data from aquatic plant root material collected in small streams; and (3) SGU geophysical, consisting of data from airborne gamma-ray scanning. The digital postcode area map was used for geocoding, with Mo concentrations in forage assigned to arable parts of the corresponding postcode area. By combining this with the three national geoscientific databases, it was possible to construct a risk map using fuzzy classification depicting High-risk, Intermediate-risk, Low-risk and Very-low-risk areas. The map was validated using 42 randomly selected samples. All samples but one with Mo > 3 mg kg−1 were found in postcode areas designated High risk. Thus, the risk map developed seems to be useful as a decision support system on where standard forage analyses need to be supplemented with Mo analyses.
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| 9. |
- Barreiro Fidalgo, Alexandre
(författare)
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Experimental studies of radiation-induced dissolution of UO2 : The effect of intrinsic solid phase properties and external factors
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dissolution of the UO2 matrix is one of the potential routes for radionuclide release in a future deep geological repository for spent nuclear fuel. This doctoral thesis focuses on interfacial reactions of relevance in radiation-induced dissolution of UO2 and is divided in two parts:In the first part, we sought to explore the effects of solid phase composition:The impact of surface stoichiometry on the reactivity of UO2 towards aqueous radiolytic oxidants was studied. H2O2 reacts substantially faster with stoichiometric UO2 than with hyperstoichiometric UO2. In addition, the release of uranium from stoichiometric UO2 is lower than from hyperstoichiometric UO2. The behavior of stoichiometric powder changes with exposure to H2O2, approaching the behavior of hyperstoichiometric UO2 with the number of consecutive H2O2 additions.The impact of Gd-doping on the oxidative dissolution of UO2 in an aqueous system was investigated. A significant decrease in uranium dissolution and higher stability towards H2O2 for (U,Gd)O2 pellets compared to standard UO2 was found.In the second part, we sought to look at the effect of external factors:The surface reactivity of H2 and O2 was studied to understand the overall oxide surface reactivity of aqueous molecular radiolysis products. The results showed that hydrogen-abstracting radicals and H2O2 are formed in these systems. Identical experiments performed in aqueous systems containing UO2 powder showed that the simultaneous presence of H2 and O2 enhances the oxidative dissolution of UO2 compared to a system not containing H2.The effect of groundwater components such as bentonite and sulfide on the oxidative dissolution of UO2 was also explored. The presence of bentonite and sulfide in water could either delay or prevent in part the release of uranium to the environment. The Pd catalyzed H2 effect is more powerful than the sulfide effect. The poisoning of Pd catalyst is not observed under the conditions studied.
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| 10. |
- Barreiro Fidalgo, Alexandre, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation induced dissolution of (U, Gd)O-2 pellets in aqueous solution - A comparison to standard UO2 pellets
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 514, s. 216-223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The behavior of spent nuclear fuel exposed to groundwater is crucial in the safety assessment of a deep geological repository for spent nuclear fuel. For this reason, leaching experiments on spent nuclear fuel as well as non-radioactive analogues have been conducted for several decades. Although the processes involved can be considered to be fairly well understood, there is a need for further experimental studies whenever new fuel types are introduced. Fuels with burnable absorbers are now in use but very little is known about their behavior under repository conditions. In this work, the impact of burnable absorbers doping (Gd, 3-8%wt.) on the oxidative dissolution of UO2 in an aqueous system was studied in H2O2 and gamma-irradiation induced dissolution experiments. The results showed a significant decrease in uranium dissolution and lower reactivity towards H2O2 for (U,Gd)O-2 pellets compared to standard UO2. The resulting decrease in the final oxidative dissolution yield was mainly attributed to decreased redox reactivity of the UO2-matrix upon doping. The results of the gamma radiation exposures display an even larger effect of Gd-doping. These findings indicate that other processes are involved in the radiation-induced dissolution of Gd-doped UO2 compared to pure UO2.
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