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- Chawade, Aakash, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a model system to identify differences in spring and winter oat
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our long-term goal is to develop a Swedish winter oat (Avena sativa). To identify molecular differences that correlate with winter hardiness, a winter oat model comprising of both non-hardy spring lines and winter hardy lines is needed. To achieve this, we selected 294 oat breeding lines, originating from various Russian, German, and American winter oat breeding programs and tested them in the field in south- and western Sweden. By assaying for winter survival and agricultural properties during four consecutive seasons, we identified 14 breeding lines of different origins that not only survived the winter but also were agronomically better than the rest. Laboratory tests including electrolytic leakage, controlled crown freezing assay, expression analysis of the AsVrn1 gene and monitoring of flowering time suggested that the American lines had the highest freezing tolerance, although the German lines performed better in the field. Finally, six lines constituting the two most freezing tolerant lines, two intermediate lines and two spring cultivars were chosen to build a winter oat model system. Metabolic profiling of non-acclimated and cold acclimated leaf tissue samples isolated from the six selected lines revealed differential expression patterns of 245 metabolites including several sugars, amino acids, organic acids and 181 hitherto unknown metabolites. The expression patterns of 107 metabolites showed significant interactions with either a cultivar or a time-point. Further identification, characterisation and validation of these metabolites will lead to an increased understanding of the cold acclimation process in oats. Furthermore, by using the winter oat model system, differential sequencing of crown mRNA populations would lead to identification of various biomarkers to facilitate winter oat breeding. © 2012 Chawade et al.
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| 2. |
- Almgren, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Länge leve skolan! En text om utbildning, estetik och skolutveckling
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna skrift har arbetats fram av en grupp studenter på Lärande och samhälle som fortsättning och utveckling av examinationsuppgift på en terminslång kurs, där de hade att iscensätta ett dokumentärfilmsprojekt på högstadiet. Projektet ägde rum inom ramen för huvudämnet Kultur, medier, estetik (KME) - skapat genom en sammanslagning av estetiska ämnen med medie- och kulturstudier 2001 – som ända från starten har tillskrivit det estetiska en särskild förmåga att vända upp och ner på invanda synsätt och kritiserat skolan för att inte lämna tillräckligt utrymme åt denna radikala potential. Den som är det minsta intresserad av skol- och kulturarbete kan inte undgå att dras in i det nät av glödande engagemang, intrikata spörsmål och brottstycken av teoretiska diskussioner som dessa sju studenter väver. Man kommer mycket nära de problem de brottas med utan att någonsin hitta några definitiva svar. Viljan att göra nytt tillsammans med eleverna och med utgångspunkt i deras horisont är obändig. Men så är det ramarna för arbetet... De sju befinner sig i ett interregnum, i en korseld av krav från lärarutbildarna, lärarna på skolan och eleverna, som påminner dem: "Ni är inte våra lärare. Ni kommer hit några timmar i veckan från någon annanstans". Ingenting visar sig vara enkelt. Varför gläds inte eleverna åt att få göra något som kan få betydelse för dem "på riktigt"? Vad är egentligen skillnaden mellan dokumentär- och fiktionsfilm? Hur bedömer man elevernas prestationer i ett så pass öppet projekt? Finns det över huvud taget rum i dagens skola för en pedagogik som vill vara på en gång passionerad, polyfon, prövande och provokativ? Alla dessa är ord som väl kännetecknar skriftens första del, ett grafiskt kaos av utlagda spår som läsaren kan välja bland att följa. Här får man en "cut-up-bild" av de tankevärldar som studenterna försöker orientera sig mot och inom. Den läsare som finner estetiken för provocerande kan alltid börja med andra delen i stället, som analytiskt redogör för de olika filmprojekten. Del tre, slutligen, diskuterar förutsättningarna för de förhållningssätt som utvecklats inom KME att göra sig gällande inom ramen för den nya läroplanen Lgr 11.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Yao, et al.
(författare)
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Thyroid hormone enhances nitric oxide mediated bacterial clearance and promotes survival after meningococcal infection
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Euthyroid sick syndrome characterized by reduced levels of thyroid hormones (THs) is observed in patients with meningococcal shock. It has been found that the level of THs reflects disease severity and is predictive for mortality. The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of THs on host defense during meningococcal infection. We found that supplementation of thyroxine to mice infected with Neisseria meningitidis enhanced bacterial clearance, attenuated the inflammatory responses and promoted survival. In vitro studies with macrophages revealed that THs enhanced bacteria-cell interaction and intracellular killing of meningococci by stimulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos)-mediated NO production. TH treatment did not activate expression of TH receptors in macrophages. Instead, the observed TH-directed actions were mediated through nongenomic pathways involving the protein kinases PI3K and ERK1/2 and initiated at the membrane receptor integrin alpha v beta 3. Inhibition of nongenomic TH signaling prevented iNos induction, NO production and subsequent intracellular bacterial killing by macrophages. These data demonstrate a beneficial role of THs in macrophage-mediated N. meningitidis clearance. TH replacement might be a novel option to control meningococcal septicemia.
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| 6. |
- Hedenrud, Tove, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Medication Overuse Headache: Self-Perceived and Actual Knowledge Among Pharmacy Staff
- 2014
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Ingår i: Headache. - : Wiley. - 0017-8748 .- 1526-4610. ; 54:6, s. 1019-1025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge about medication overuse headache (MOH) among pharmacy staff. Background MOH is a public health problem both in Sweden and in many other countries. Persons with MOH have limited contact with health care, and medications used are to large extent over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Therefore, pharmacists have an important role in, eg, advising these individuals about their medication use. Little is, however, known about the actual level of knowledge about MOH among pharmacy staff, which determines the quality of their advice to MOH sufferers. Methods A total of 326 questionnaires were distributed to 44 pharmacies in Gothenburg, Sweden. The questionnaire included background questions, questions about advice on headache treatment, source of knowledge about MOH, and questions on self-perceived and actual knowledge on MOH. Results The response rate was 70%. A majority of the pharmacy staff (90.6%) considered themselves to have knowledge about MOH to some or a greater extent. Almost half had learned about MOH through their university/vocational education. Only 8.6% knew that all 5 headache medications listed in the questionnaire can cause development of MOH, but 40% responded correctly on which treatment advice one can give a person with MOH. Actual knowledge on treatment advice differed significantly between groups of self-perceived knowledge. Conclusion The knowledge on MOH is insufficient among pharmacy staff, but with the proper knowledge, pharmacy staff is well positioned to effect both primary and secondary prevention of MOH. We suggest not only increasing educational efforts about MOH within pharmacy programs but also continuing education at the pharmacies for all staff. Further, it is also important to increase knowledge among pharmacy customers.
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| 7. |
- Jacobsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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ADHD : Diagnostik och behandling, vårdens organisation och patientens delaktigheten systematisk litteraturöversikt
- 2013
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- ADHD En funktionsnedsättning med debut i baranåren. Kärmsymtom karaktäriseras av uppmärksamhetsproblem, impulsivitet ioch hyperaktivitet.I ett antal fall sker en normalisering eller mognadsprocess, i andra fall kan någon form av psykisk ohälsa förekommma samtidigt. Den diagnostiska utredningen är omfattande, och både instrument för diagnostik och den diagnostiska processen bör undersökas bättre.Många olika insatser och behandlingar, förutom läkemedel förekommer idag, men kunskapen om eras nytta, risker och kostnader måste förbättras. Vissa läkemedel lindrar ADHD symtom vid korttidsbehandling, men nyttan av långtidsbehandling går inte att bedöma. Vanliga biverjkningar av dessa läkemedel är illamående och nedsatt aptit, för barn viktminskning och pulsökning.
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| 9. |
- Jonsson, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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Capturing the full-circle brand experience. Eight insights into the future of retail.
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- If you are a retailer or an e-commerce merchant, you could feel threatened by the digital revolution currently revamping the retail industry, or you could be excited by the potential for growth that lies ahead. Whether you jump at the chance of change – and reap the rewards – really depends on you. The shift of retail towards an omni-channel experience is changing how we view the branding of products and services. Digitized shopping is empowering consumers and changing their behavior, resulting in significant parts of the purchase process moving out of the store and into homes. In our research study for Centiro, we set out to investigate how and why the purchase process can be used to improve a company’s competitive edge. The research comprised an ethnographic study of consumers in their own homes and an online survey of 1000 consumers. This qualitative and quantitative approach has provided an insight into how online shopping is changing what it means to be a consumer. It leads us to the key question for our retail future: how is branding strategy affected when consumers adopt new digital purchase processes? We argue that the purchase process becomes a full-circle once the purchasing experience begins and ends in the consumer’s home. Based on consumers’ own opinions and their behavior, we have considered which parts of the purchase process need to be leveraged to become more competitive. Our eight insights are designed to help you to capture the potential of these new full-circle consumers.
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| 10. |
- Jonsson, Pernilla, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology of medication overuse headache in the general Swedish population
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cephalalgia. - : SAGE Publications. - 0333-1024 .- 1468-2982. ; 31:9, s. 1015-1022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of medication overuse headache (MOH) in Sweden and to analyze the occurrence of this disorder in different population groups. Methods: A total of 44,300 randomly selected individuals (55% women), aged 15 years and above, were interviewed in a national telephone survey, using a standardized questionnaire including the International Headache Society criteria for MOH and questions about sociodemographic factors, headache history and medication use. Results: In Sweden, 3.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.1–3.4), n¼1428) suffer from chronic daily headache (CDH) and out of those, 56% (n¼799) have MOH. The prevalence of MOH is 1.8% (95% CI 1.7–1.9). The mean age of onset was higher among men than women as well as among those with tension-type headache as primary headache compared to those who originally had migraine. A multivariate analysis showed that socioeconomic factors such as having a low level of education and/or a low household income were associated with MOH. Conclusions: This is the first Swedish population-based study of MOH and we conclude that MOH is a significant public health problem in Sweden, as it is in other parts of the world.
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