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| 2. |
- Shameer, S., et al.
(författare)
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TrypanoCyc: a community-led biochemical pathways database for Trypanosoma brucei
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 43:D1, s. D637-D644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The metabolic network of a cell represents thecatabolic and anabolic reactions that interconvertsmall molecules (metabolites) through the activity ofenzymes, transporters and non-catalyzed chemicalreactions. Our understanding of individual metabolicnetworks is increasing as we learn more aboutthe enzymes that are active in particular cells underparticular conditions and as technologies advanceto allow detailed measurements of the cellularmetabolome. Metabolic network databases areof increasing importance in allowing us to contextualisedata sets emerging from transcriptomic,proteomic and metabolomic experiments. Here wepresent a dynamic database, TrypanoCyc (http://www.metexplore.fr/trypanocyc/), which describesthe generic and condition-specific metabolic networkof Trypanosoma brucei, a parasitic protozoan responsiblefor human and animal African trypanosomiasis.In addition to enabling navigation through the BioCyc-based TrypanoCyc interface, we have alsoimplemented a network-based representation of theinformation through MetExplore, yielding a novel environmentin which to visualise the metabolism ofthis important parasite.
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| 3. |
- Merle, Renaud, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Mt Bambouto Volcano, Cameroon Line : Mantle Source and Differentiation of Within-plate Alkaline Rocks
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Petrology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-3530 .- 1460-2415. ; 58:5, s. 933-962
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Late Cretaceous–Quaternary Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL) is a 1600 km long chain of volcanoes that straddles the continent–ocean boundary and extends from the Gulf of Guinea to the interior of the African continent. The magmatic activity started at 70 Ma and has continued until the present. The products of this magmatic activity are distinctive in terms of petrology and isotope geochemistry, the variety of volcanic rocks ranging from ultrabasic, alkaline to sub-alkaline lavas to highly evolved alkaline lavas with isotopic compositions indicating complex combinations of both sub-lithospheric (HIMU, EM, DMM) and lithospheric components (sub-continental lithospheric mantle and crust). We conducted a petrological and geochemical study of a set of volcanic rocks, sampled from the rim and interior of the Miocene Mt Bambouto caldera, one of the 12 main volcanic centres of the CVL. The rocks were analysed for their whole-rock major and trace element contents, 40Ar/39Ar ages and whole-rock Sr–Nd–Pb–Os isotopic compositions. Phonolites and quartz-trachytes of the Mt Bambouto caldera are derived by fractional crystallization of highly alkaline and moderately alkaline parental basic magmas, respectively. Assimilation of the shallow crust has affected both alkaline and subalkaline magmas, suggesting that the petrogenesis of the differentiated rocks cannot be explained by crustal contamination alone. Only minor amounts (usually less than 5%) of assimilation of upper crustal silicic rocks from the local Pan-African basement are required to produce the most differentiated compositions. The rocks with the highest crustal contribution are Q-normative trachytes from peripheral cones, as well as one Ne-trachyte. Mt Bambouto basic–ultrabasic rocks, including basanites and alkali-basalts with high 187Os/188Osi, might have experienced some crustal contamination, but it must have been a limited process. Some Mt Bambouto ultrabasic to basic rocks show large ion lithophile element enrichment, notably of Sr, Ba and P compared with Zr. These samples also have relatively radiogenic Sr and unradiogenic Pb isotopic compositions. Such compositions are similar to those of the high-Sr group identified by previous studies. Most of the basic rocks do not show such characteristics and are identified as a low-Sr group. We interpret the geochemical characteristics of the high-Sr group as resulting from the partial melting of a depleted mantle (DMM-like) peridotite source containing pyroxenite veins that had interacted with carbonatitic fluids. To test this hypothesis, we used a new modelling approach based on Monte Carlo simulation; this method has the advantage of deciphering how different mantle components interacted through time. Our modelling confirms the plausibility of a three-component source. In addition, it suggests that the carbonatitic fluid first mixed with the pyroxenititic component and the resulting melt interacted with a DMM-like mantle. Both high-Sr and low-Sr groups can be produced by such a mixing scenario but with a stronger contribution of the carbonatitic fluid for the high-Sr group. At the time of melting, these source components could have been located in a metasomatized region of the sublithospheric mantle (uppermost section of the asthenosphere) or in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Seifert, T., et al.
(författare)
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Efficient metallic spintronic emitters of ultrabroadband terahertz radiation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature Photonics. - 1749-4885 .- 1749-4893. ; 10:7, s. 483-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Terahertz electromagnetic radiation is extremely useful for numerous applications, including imaging and spectroscopy. It is thus highly desirable to have an efficient table-top emitter covering the 1-30 THz window that is driven by a low-cost, low-power femtosecond laser oscillator. So far, all solid-state emitters solely exploit physics related to the electron charge and deliver emission spectra with substantial gaps. Here, we take advantage of the electron spin to realize a conceptually new terahertz source that relies on three tailored fundamental spintronic and photonic phenomena in magnetic metal multilayers: ultrafast photoinduced spin currents, the inverse spin-Hall effect and a broadband Fabry-Perot resonance. Guided by an analytical model, this spintronic route offers unique possibilities for systematic optimization. We find that a 5.8-nm-thick W/CoFeB/Pt trilayer generates ultrashort pulses fully covering the 1-30 THz range. Our novel source outperforms laser-oscillator-driven emitters such as ZnTe(110) crystals in terms of bandwidth, terahertz field amplitude, flexibility, scalability and cost.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Merle, Renaud E., 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Geochronology of the Tore-Madeira Rise seamounts and surrounding areas : a review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0812-0099 .- 1440-0952. ; 65:5, s. 591-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present new 40Ar/39Ar data for two of the Tore-Madeira Rise (TMR) volcanic seamounts. A sample from Tore East seamount on the northern part of the TMR yielded an ultra-precise age of 80.50 ± 0.13 Ma (2σ) that is similar within uncertainties to a published age obtained by U–Pb TIMS technique on titanites and zircons extracted from Tore NW seamount. Another sample from Isabelle seamount, located on the southern part of the TMR failed to produce a plateau age but yielded a minimum age estimate of >85 Ma. We filtered the published ages available on the TMR, the surrounding seamounts and the massifs of southwest Portugal to better understand the origin of this magmatic province. Together with this dataset, our new data suggest that: (1) a hypothetical Madeira hot-spot track spanning from Serra de Monchique on the continent to Madeira Archipelago is difficult to reconcile with the occurrence of several seamounts geographically located within or very close to this alleged hot-spot track yet being much older than the age predicted by the age trend. (2) The geographical distribution and age pattern of the TMR and surrounding areas magmatism are still best explained by the interaction of a mantle melting anomaly emitting magma pulses and the different motion phases of the Iberia plate since 103 Ma.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- van Rijswijk, Merlijn, et al.
(författare)
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The future of metabolomics in ELIXIR.
- 2017
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Ingår i: F1000 Research. - : F1000 Research Ltd. - 2046-1402. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metabolomics, the youngest of the major omics technologies, is supported by an active community of researchers and infrastructure developers across Europe. To coordinate and focus efforts around infrastructure building for metabolomics within Europe, a workshop on the "Future of metabolomics in ELIXIR" was organised at Frankfurt Airport in Germany. This one-day strategic workshop involved representatives of ELIXIR Nodes, members of the PhenoMeNal consortium developing an e-infrastructure that supports workflow-based metabolomics analysis pipelines, and experts from the international metabolomics community. The workshop established metabolite identification as the critical area, where a maximal impact of computational metabolomics and data management on other fields could be achieved. In particular, the existing four ELIXIR Use Cases, where the metabolomics community - both industry and academia - would benefit most, and which could be exhaustively mapped onto the current five ELIXIR Platforms were discussed. This opinion article is a call for support for a new ELIXIR metabolomics Use Case, which aligns with and complements the existing and planned ELIXIR Platforms and Use Cases.
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