| 1. |
- Boyd, Emily, et al.
(författare)
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Environmentalities of urban climate governance in Maputo, Mozambique
- 2014
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Ingår i: Global Environmental Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-3780 .- 1872-9495. ; 26, s. 140-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interest in the role that cities can play in climate change as sites of transformation has increased but research has been limited in its practical applications and there has been limited consideration of how policies and technologies play out. These challenges necessitate a re-thinking of existing notions of urban governance in order to account for the practices that emerge from governments and a plethora of other actors in the context of uncertainty. We understand these practices to constitute adaptive governance, underpinned by social learning guiding the actions of the multiplicity of actors. The aim here is to unpack how social learning for adaptive governance requires attention to competing understandings of risk and identity, and the multiplicity of mechanisms in which change occurs or is blocked in urban climate governance. We adopt a novel lens of 'environmentalities' which allows us to assess the historical and institutional context and power relations in the informal settlements of Maputo, Mozambique. Our findings highlight how environmental identities around urban adaptation to climate change are constituted in the social and physical divisions between the formal and informal settlements, whilst existing knowledge models prioritise dominant economic and political interests and lead to the construction of new environmental subjects. While the findings of this study are contextually distinct, the generalizable lessons are that governance of urban adaptation occurs and is solidified within a complex multiplicity of socio-ecological relations.
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| 2. |
- Glaas, Erik, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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New Levels of Climate Adaptation Policy : Analyzing the Institutional Interplay in the Baltic Sea Region
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 5:1, s. 256-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- International policy development and expected climate change impacts such as flooding, landslides, and the extinction of sensitive species have forced countries around the Baltic Sea to begin working on national climate adaptation policies. Simultaneously, the EU is building both a central and a macro-regional Baltic Sea-wide adaptation strategy to support national policy developments. However, it yet remains unclear how these EU strategies will complement each other or national policies. This article analyzes the constraints and opportunities presented by this new institutional interplay and discusses the potential of the forthcoming EU strategies to support national policy. It does so by mapping how adaptation is institutionalized in two case countries, Sweden and Finland, and is organized in the two EU approaches. The vertical institutional interplay between scales is analyzed in terms of three factors: competence, capacity, and compatibility. Results indicate institutional constraints related to: risks of policy complexity for sub-national actors, an unclear relationship between the two EU approaches, an overly general approach to targeting contextualized climate change vulnerabilities, and a general lack of strategies to steer adaptation. However, there are also opportunities linked to an anticipated increased commitment to the national management of adaptation, especially related to biodiversity issues.
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| 3. |
- Juhola, Sirkku, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation decision-making in the Nordic countries: assessing the potential for joint action
- 2014
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Ingår i: Environment Systems and Decisions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2194-5403 .- 2194-5411. ; 34:4, s. 600-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a global context, the outlook for the Nordic region is relatively favourable, given its relatively stronger resiliency to climate change impacts in comparison to many other geo-political regions of the world. Overall, the projected climatic changes include increases in mean temperatures and in precipitation, although regional variations can be significant. The countries’ robust institutions and economies give them a strong capacity to adapt to these changes. Still, the need for adaptation to the changing climate has been and still is substantial, and in most of the region, there has been progress on the issue. This paper explores the potential for Nordic cooperation on adaptation; specifically, for the development of a regional adaptation strategy. In particular, it addresses two questions (1) What is the current state of adaptation in the Nordic countries? and (2) What are the potential benefits and weaknesses of a Nordic strategy for adaptation? In order to answer these two questions, this paper examines reviews the current national adaptation policies of each Nordic country and discusses the challenges facing a Nordic strategy and finally assesses the potential for common Nordic adaptation policy and further cooperation.
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| 4. |
- Juhola, Sirkku, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges of adaptation to climate change across multiple scales : a case study of network governance in two European countries
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1462-9011 .- 1873-6416. ; 14:3, s. 239-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As adaptation is increasingly recognised as an important component in responding to climate change, adaptation measures are slowly emerging at different scales of governance across Europe and elsewhere in the industrialised North. The relative novelty of adaptation measures in this context opens up an opportunity to examine the ways in which more well-established systems of governance are able to address concerns of a changing climate and its expected effects.This paper examines the modes of climate change adaptation governance systems, by presenting two empirical multi-scale case studies in Finland and Italy. The two countries represent different stages of planned adaptation measures: while Finland began work on adaptation relatively early and elected for a mainstreaming approach, Italy has yet to form concrete national adaptation actions. In both cases, however, adaptation actions have autonomously emerged at lower scales of governance, railing questions as to the role and importance of vertical integration.This study concludes that the governance of adaptation is mainly taking place through both formal institutions and networks across actors at various scales. Though such networks present actors at sub-national scales the resources and opportunity to engage in planned adaptation, the ability of a wider set of actors to plan adaptation remains somewhat limited by a lack of coordination at the national scale. As a result, there exists an opportunity for increased interaction and participation of actors across scales.
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| 5. |
- Juhola, Sirkku
(författare)
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Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation : The Case of Multi-Level Governance in Finland
- 2010
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Ingår i: Developing Adaptation Policy and Pracitce in Europe. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 9789048193257 - 9789048193240 ; , s. 149-187
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although mitigation of climate change dominates the climate change agenda in Finland, adaptation to climate change is increasingly recognised as an important policy issue across all levels of governance Finland was an early mover on adaptation, being the first country in Europe to publish a National Adaptation Strategy to climate change in 2005 After a few years of mainstreaming of adaptation into regular planning, implementation and monitoring at the national level, adaptation has been recognised important and some measures have been implemented but that there are also sectors where hardly any measures have been taken At sub-national level, actors are pursuing voluntary climate strategies that are not directly linked to the developments at the national level This chapter highlights how the different levels of governance are disconnected in terms of their actions on adaptation On the one hand, at the national level, the NAS predominantly concentrates on administrative sectors by mainstreaming adaptation On the other hand, the lower levels of governance are pursuing their separate climate strategies that are based on voluntary initiatives with little input from the national level Thus, despite the early action on adaptation, it can be argued that implementation of adaptation measures has been slow and fragmented across levels of governance
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| 6. |
- Juhola, Sirkku, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the framings of climate change adaptation across multiple scales of governance in Europe
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental Politics. - Oxfordshire : Routledge. - 0964-4016 .- 1743-8934. ; 20:4, s. 445-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change adaptation strategies are emerging across Europe as societies attempt to adapt to the challenges of a changing environment. Social constructivist analyses of environmental policy-especially those emphasising 'framing' - can be very useful in teasing out the framings of policy problems such as adaptation. They can also shed light on the underlying assumptions that steer and guide public and environmental policy. Using the theoretical concept of framing to analyse adaptation policies across different scales of governance in four European countries - Sweden, Finland, the United Kingdom and Italy-and drawing on policy documents from those countries, as well as semi-structured interviews with practitioners, the development of adaptation policy processes and especially how adaptation has been defined within these processes are examined. Four major framings of adaptation are identified: 'planning', 'economic risk', 'vulnerability' and 'existing measures'. These frames affect how adaptation is conceptualised, policy problems defined and, ultimately how policy develops.
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| 7. |
- Keskitalo, E. Carina H., et al.
(författare)
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Agenda-setting on the environment : the development of climate change adaptation as an issue in European states
- 2012
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Ingår i: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338. ; 22:6, s. 381-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptation to climate change is increasingly recognized as a necessary complement to mitigation, resulting in a growing number of adaptation policies and actions across the globe. This study applies John Kingdon's theory of agenda setting through a multi-level approach to explain the ways in which the climate change adaptation issue has recently developed in four European countries: the United Kingdom, Sweden, Finland and Italy. The study illustrates that a multi-level adaptation policy window has been opened in the context of the UK, whereas adaptation has mainly developed on the national and in specific local cases in Finland and Sweden, while in Italy the issue remains off the agenda. The study thus shows that policy windows may be supported through the interaction of streams at both national and sub-national levels, particularly buttressed by focusing climate events and media reporting. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
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| 8. |
- Keskitalo, E. Carina H., et al.
(författare)
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Climate change as governmentality : technologies of government for adaptation in three European countries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 55:4, s. 435-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the Foucauldian theoretical framework of governmentality, this paper examines the role of regulative 'technologies of government' in climate change adaptation. The paper examines such technologies and underlying rationalities in a multi-level context, in three European countries that represent different stages of adaptation policy development: the UK, Finland and Sweden. Drawing upon policy documents and interviews at different levels, the paper illustrates differences in technologies of government for adaptation between the relatively 'regulative' UK state system and Finland and Sweden's traditional legalistic and welfarist systems. The study illustrates that, while the treatment of adaptation as an issue on a national level coheres with national rationalities, local and regional levels show a diversity in the development of bottom-up adaptation technologies.
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