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- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 2. |
- Kamil, Yasmin, et al.
(författare)
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Information security objectives and the output legitimacy of ISO/IEC 27001 : Stakeholders’ perspective on expectations in private organizations in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : Springer. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 21:3, s. 699-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organizations use the ISO/IEC 27001 standard to establish an information security management system (ISMS). This standard outlines specific security measures and requirements that organizations can implement to effectively manage their information assets. However, the effectiveness of the standard’s problem-solving capabilities has raised some questions. Consequently, there is a continuous development of new governance methods that demand fresh approaches to validate security operations and measures. In light of this, research is being conducted to examine the application and impact of ISO/IEC 27001, as well as to analyze the challenges and knowledge gaps through theoretical perspectives. By employing stakeholder theory, the focus shifts towards integrating business and social issues and exploring how non-business pressures can influence stakeholder motivations in implementing standards. Additionally, it investigates the impact of these standards on an organization’s reputation, performance, and operations. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the output legitimacy of ISO/IEC 27001 from the perspective of stakeholder expectations. To accomplish this, an interview-based study was conducted, involving relevant stakeholders engaged in information security management within private organizations in Sweden. The findings reveal eight key information security objectives. The results indicate that the level of output legitimacy of the standard varies across these objectives, ranging from high to medium to low. To achieve a high level of output legitimacy for ISO/IEC 27001, stakeholders must understand that the standard is not solely a technical document. Furthermore, stakeholders need to possess the appropriate knowledge and skills in information security to effectively navigate their work while leveraging the support provided by the standard.
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