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- Althini, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Blocked MAP kinase activity selectively enhances neurotrophic growth responses
- 2004
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 1044-7431 .- 1095-9327. ; 25:2, s. 345-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) 4 and 6 as well as MEK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 potentiate neurotrophin 3 (NT3)- and neurturin (NTN)-induced neurite outgrowth and survival of peripheral neurons from the E9 chicken embryo. Preexposure to BMP4 or PD98059 was sufficient to prime the potentiation of subsequently added NT3. Phosphorylation of Erk2, induced by NT3, was reduced by MEK inhibition but unaffected by BMP signaling. Real-time PCR showed that neither BMP stimulation nor MEK inhibition increased Trk receptor expression and that the BMP-induced genes Smad6 and Id1 were not upregulated by PD98059. In contrast, both MEK inhibition and BMP signaling suppressed transcription of the serum-response element (SRE)-driven Egr1 gene. A reporter assay using NGF-stimulated PC12 cells demonstrated that MEK/Erk/Elk-driven transcriptional activity was inhibited by Smad1/5 and by PD98059. Thus, suppression of SRE-controlled transcription represents a likely convergence point for pathways regulating neurotrophic responses.
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| 3. |
- Christensen, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Trace gas exchange in a high-arctic valley 1. Variations in CO2 and CH4 flux between tundra vegetation types
- 2000
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Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - 0886-6236. ; 14:3, s. 701-714
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystem exchanges of CO2 and CH4 were studied by chamber techniques in five different vegetation types in a high arctic valley at Zackenberg, NE Greenland. The vegetation types were categorized as Cassiope heath, hummocky fen, continuous fen, grass land and Salix arctica snowbed. Integrated daytime fluxes for the different vegetation types of the valley showed that the fen areas and the grassland, were significant sources of CH4 with a mean efflux of 6.3 mg CH4 m(-2) h(-1) and sinks for CO2, with almost -170 mg CO2 m(-2) hr(-1). The heath and snowbed areas had much lower carbon sequestration rates of about -25 mg CO2 m(-2) hr(-1) and were also sinks for CH4. Methane emissions from the valley dominated in the hummocky fens. Computation of area integrated mean daytime flux values across all vegetation types of the entire valley bottom revealed that it was a sink of CO2 in the order of -96+/-33 mg CO2 m-2 hr-1 and a source of 1.9+/-0.7 m(-2) CH4 m(-2) hr(-1). These values were in accordance with eddy correlation measurements reported elsewhere in this issue and reflect a high-carbon exchange despite the high arctic location. In the fens, where the water table was at or above the soil surface, methane emissions increased with net ecosystem CO2 flux. In places with the water table below the soil surface, such as particularly in the hummocky parts of the fen, oxidation tended to become the dominant controlling factor on methane efflux.
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| 7. |
- Klump, KL, et al.
(författare)
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Personality characteristics of women before and after recovery from an eating disorder
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychological medicine. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 34:8, s. 1407-1418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Previous studies of personality characteristics in women with eating disorders primarily have focused on women who are acutely ill. This study compares personality characteristics among women who are ill with eating disorders, recovered from eating disorders, and those without eating or other Axis I disorder pathology.Method. Female participants were assessed for personality characteristics using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): 122 with anorexia nervosa (AN; 77 ill, 45 recovered), 279 with bulimia nervosa (BN; 194 ill, 85 recovered), 267 with lifetime histories of both anorexia and bulimia nervosa (AN+BN; 194 ill, 73 recovered), 63 with eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS; 31 ill, 32 recovered), and 507 without eating or Axis I disorder pathology.Results. Women ill with all types of eating disorders exhibited several TCI score differences from control women, particularly in the areas of novelty-seeking, harm avoidance, self-directedness, and cooperativeness. Interestingly, women recovered from eating disorders reported higher levels of harm avoidance and lower self-directedness and cooperativeness scores than did normal control women.Conclusions. Women with eating disorders in both the ill and recovered state show higher levels of harm avoidance and lower self-directedness and cooperativeness scores than normal control women. Although findings suggest that disturbances may be trait-related and contribute to the disorders' pathogenesis, additional research with more representative community controls, rather than our pre-screened, normal controls, is needed to confirm these impressions.
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| 9. |
- Woodside, DB, et al.
(författare)
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Personality in men with eating disorders
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of psychosomatic research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3999. ; 57:3, s. 273-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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