| 1. |
- Jafari, Javad, et al.
(författare)
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Designing internet-enabled patient education for self-management of T2D diabetes : The case of the Razavi-Khorasan province in Iran
- 2021
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 16:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The number of people with diabetes is estimated to increase to 642 million by 2040, with most having type 2 diabetes. Patients with diabetes require continuous monitoring and possible treatment changes. Patient education is the process of enabling individuals to make informed decisions about their personal health-related behaviours and internet-enabled interventions have the potential to provide support and information to patients with diabetes. Objective The aim of the study was to design a portal prototype based onto two models of care and a contextualised education programme to support the self-management of diabetes patients by involving stakeholders in the Iranian province of Razavi-Khorasan. Methods A Design-Based Research framework was adopted. A qualitative research method was used to analyse interviews with patients and care givers. Mock-ups were developed first and designed with features of user-driven and self-care models of care. The mock-ups also had adaptation features, such as for control of the disease, ability to cure self, and family support. The portal prototype was developed iteratively by building on the mock-ups and evaluated through interviews. The features and elements of the mock-ups and the portal prototype were evaluated in an outpatient diabetes clinic in Mashhad. Results Thirty-three participants were involved in the study. The evaluation of the mock-ups resulted in two themes and seven categories: 1) self-care improvement, including self-care requirements and self-management, and 2) educational usefulness, including medical information, information mode, mobility, interaction, and efficiency. The mock-up evaluation was used as a basis for designing a portal prototype. Next, the portal prototype was evaluated, and three categories emerged from the interview data: 1) user experience, 2) functionality, and 3) interactivity. Participants were not able to prioritise between the two care models. Some functionalities of the portal could benefit from the development within a cultural context to determine differences to the best way to present material. Conclusions A portal prototype has been designed to include two care models to support self-management and functionalities that support aspects of culture-specific diabetes self-care. This study provides guidance on developing an internet-enabled educational portal, aimed at providing support for patients in their social context.
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| 2. |
- Pettersson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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An exploration of students' use of digital resources for self-study in anatomy : a survey study
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6920. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The development of technology has provided new ways for active engagement and for visualizing structures in anatomy education including digital resources that may be used outside of the classroom. To support students' learning, there is a need to better understand students' experiences of using digital resources. This study aimed to identify which resources students use, their preferences, the purpose of using them, and barriers to adopting tools for self-study of anatomy.METHODS: A mixed -methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative data was used to collect and analyse data. Two consecutive cohorts of first-semester medical students (n = 278) were invited to complete an anonymized survey. The survey consisted of itemized questions, free-text space for comments, and one open-ended question. Descriptive statistics were used for demographics and itemized answers. Comments and free-text answers were analysed qualitatively using abductive inference.RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-seven students completed the survey (response rate 45%). Most students (46%) reported that they spend more than 30 h/per week on self-study. They used a variety of digital resources for different purposes. Most students used digital resources to prepare for examinations, when they encountered difficulties and after going through a section. Students reported that they would use digital resources to a greater extent if they were offered an introduction, if resources were more accessible, and if they could interact with a tutor. The free-text responses revealed that digital resources helped students understand anatomy, allowed them to make active choices, provided tools for repetition and memorization, accelerated and simplified the learning process, and complemented other learning resources.CONCLUSIONS: Digital resources may support the understanding of anatomy by offering alternative modes of learning and providing a valuable complement to other learning resources. Educators should consider how digital resources are introduced and offer support and feedback.
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| 3. |
- Pettersson, Anna F., et al.
(författare)
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How students discern anatomical structures using digital three-dimensional visualizations in anatomy education
- 2023
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Ingår i: Anatomical sciences education. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1935-9772 .- 1935-9780. ; 16:3, s. 452-464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Learning anatomy holds specific challenges, like the appreciation of three-dimensional relationships between anatomical structures. So far, there is limited knowledge about how students construct their understanding of topographic anatomy. By understanding the processes by which students learn anatomical structures in 3D, educators will be better equipped to offer support and create successful learning situations. Using video analysis, this study investigates how students discern anatomical structures. Sixteen students at different levels of education and from different study programs were recorded audiovisually while exploring 3D digital images using a computerized visualization table. Eleven hours of recorded material were analyzed using interaction analysis and phenomenography. Seven categories were identified during data analysis, describing the qualitatively different patterns of actions that students use to make sense of anatomy: decoding the image; positioning the body in space; purposeful seeking, using knowledge and experience; making use of and creating variation; aimless exploration, and arriving at moments of understanding. The results suggest that anatomy instruction should be organized to let the students decide how and at what pace they examine visualized images. Particularly, the discovery process of decoding and positioning the body in space supports a deep learning approach for learning anatomy using visualizations. The students' activities should be facilitated and not directed.
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| 4. |
- Robinson, Yohan, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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AI och framtidens försvarsmedicin
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Medicinskt legitimerad personal är, och kommer med stor sannolikhet fortsattatt vara, en knapp resurs inom Försvarsmaktens sjukvårdsorganisation. I denna rapport ges en översikt över pågående och planerade ansatser baserade påartificiell intelligens (AI) inom akutsjukvård med särskild tonvikt på omhändertagandet av traumapatienter, där lösningarna skulle kunna bidra till att Försvarsmakten kan bibehålla sin sjukvårdskapacitet i kritiska lägen. Rapporten är ett resultat av samarbetet mellan FM, FOI, FMV, FHS och KI, och vänder sig i första hand till Försvarsmaktens strategiska ledning.Användningen av AI-teknik i framtida beslutsstöd kan skapa nya möjligheter till avlastning av personal och resurseffektivisering. Tekniken ger möjligheter att i realtid samla in, bearbeta och analysera stora mängder blandadinformation om förbands hälsoläge och fysiska stridsvärde. Bedömning av skadade kan t.ex. göras av triagedrönare och den efterföljande evakueringen kanunderlättas av intelligenta autonoma plattformar. Införandet av AI-system ställer dock vårdgivaren inför svåra etiska och medikolegala överväganden.Försvarsmedicin har en central roll i Försvarsmaktens krigföringsförmåga och för samhällets uthållighet. För att nyttja hela AI-teknikens framfart till Försvarsmaktens nytta måste dess innebörd och konsekvens för försvarsmedicinen förstås. Därför rekommenderar denna studie att Försvarsmaktens framtida satsningar inom AI och autonomi inkluderar den försvarsmedicinska teknikutveckling som är beskriven i denna rapport.
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| 5. |
- Silén, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional visualisation of authentic cases in anatomy learning : An educational design study
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6920. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Many studies have investigated the value of three-dimensional (3D) images in learning anatomy. However, there is a lack of knowledge about students learning processes using technology and 3D images. To understand how to facilitate and support the learning of anatomy, there is a need to know more about the student perspectives on how they can use and benefit from 3D images.METHODS: This study used designed educational sessions informed by Educational Design Research to investigate the role of technology-enhanced 3D images in students' anatomy learning. Twenty-four students representing different health professions and multiple study levels, and one tutor, participated in the study. A visualisation table was used to display the images of real patient cases related to disorders associated with the abdomen and the brain. Students were asked to explore the images on their own and audio/video capture was used to record their words and actions. Directly following the session, students were interviewed about their perceptions and different ways of learning and studying anatomy. The tutor was interviewed about his reflections on the session and his role as a facilitator on two occasions. Content analysis was used in its manifest and latent form in the data analysis.RESULT: Two main categories describing the students' and tutor's accounts of learning using the visualisation table were identified: 1. Interpreting 3D images and 2. Educational sessions using visualisation tables. Each category had signifying themes representing interpretations of the latent meaning of the students' and tutor's accounts. These were: Realism and complexity; Processes of discernment; References to previous knowledge; Exploring on one's own is valuable; Context enhances learning experiences; Combinations of learning resources are needed and Working together affects the dynamics.CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies several important factors to be considered when designing effective and rewarding educational sessions using a visualization table and 3D images in anatomy education. Visualisation of authentic images has the potential to create interest and meaningfulness in studying anatomy. Students need time to actively explore images but also get tutor guidance to understand. Also, a combination of different resources comprises a more helpful whole than a single learning resource.
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| 6. |
- Sormunen, Taina
(författare)
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Communication, coping and social networking regarding infertility
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Infertility is a worldwide problem and is experienced as psychologically stressful. Communication about infertility varies depending on clinical aspects, personal relationships, and culture. The aim of this thesis was to explore and describe communication, coping and social networking among infertile women from a lifeworld perspective.Study I explored infertility-related communication and coping strategies among women affected by primary or secondary fertility problems. Structured self-administered questionnaires, administered between January and May 2012, yielded 199 responses. The questionnaire consisted of Likert scale items which were analysed with descriptive statistics and by using the Chi-square test for independence. Twice as many women with secondary infertility acknowledged that they never talked about the causes or results of tests and examinations with other persons, compared to women with primary infertility.In Study II the aim was to gain insight into which infertility-related issues are discussed on Swedish infertility blogs. A total of 4,508 postings from 25 infertility blogs were retrieved, from May to September 2017. An interactive quantitative-qualitative content analysis was performed using the automated text analysis tool, Gavagai Explorer, developed for analysis of large sets of textual data. A sentiment analysis was performed as the tool provides sentiment scores of the data indicating whether the bloggers were writing positively or negatively about a topic. All blogs were written by women and the analysis crystallized into the following topics: Emotions, Relations, Time and waiting, Body, Care and treatment, Food and diet and Exercise. The Body topic stood out by having more negative than positive sentiment.Study III explored infertile individuals’ experiences regarding the use and role of online social media, experiences from participating in online social media and experiences of infertility. A web-based questionnaire, linked to the bulletin boards of six closed online social media groups, during the fall of 2017, yielded 132 responses. A majority of the participants were female, and the questionnaire was answered mostly through Facebook. Of the participants, 60 percent participated in online social media focussed on infertility once a day or more, and 50 percent devoted from one to three hours weekly to these forums, with 40 percent making no postings.Study IV was a qualitative study based on seven telephone interviews describing women’s experiences of using social media focusing on infertility. The interviews were conducted between June 2020 and November 2020 and were analysed with thematic analysis. Two themes were devolved: Invaluable venue and Opportunity of choice. Different forums were used depending where in the treatment process the women were. Further, decisions about the choices of groups were also based on the targeted age groups and geographical locations of the participants.
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| 7. |
- Sormunen, Taina, et al.
(författare)
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Social media in the infertile community : Using a text analysis tool to identify the topics of discussion on the multitude of infertility blogs
- 2021
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Ingår i: Women's health.. - : SAGE Publications. - 1745-5057 .- 1745-5065. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Infertility affects one in six couples. New digital resources exist which enable the study of lived experience of persons with infertility. Blogging represents a forum for sharing narratives and experiences. To provide high quality care for persons with a history of infertility, it is crucial to ascertain what they value as significant in their situation. Blogs with a focus on infertility may provide this information.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to gain insight into which infertility-related issues are discussed on Swedish infertility blogs.METHODS: In total, 70 infertility blogs were identified on the Internet and 25 met the inclusion criteria. A quantitative-qualitative content analysis was performed with the support of the Gavagai Explorer text analysis software.RESULTS: A total of 4508 postings were retrieved from the blogs, all of which were written by women. The outcome of the analysis resulted into the following topics: Emotions (16.8%), Relations (12.5%), Time and waiting (7.1%), Body (6.6%), Care and treatment (4.2%), Food and diet (1.4%) and Exercise (0.5%). For most topics, there was a balance between positive and negative statements, but the body topic stood out by having more negative than positive sentiment.CONCLUSION: By considering the topics expressed in blogs, health care personnel are provided with an opportunity to better understand the situation of individuals affected by infertility.
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| 8. |
- Sormunen, Taina, et al.
(författare)
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The role of social media for persons affected by infertility
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Women's Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6874. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Infertility remains a common universal disorder and a whole range of assisted reproductive technologies has been established. Society may fail to recognize the grief caused by infertility, which may lead to those struggling with it hiding their feelings. Previous research points out that infertile persons experience shortcomings in fertility care regarding continuity of care and social support. Social media may provide social and psychological support for infertile persons. Finding others who are going through similar experiences can help in the realization that the person is not alone and that her/his feelings are reasonable. The aim was to explore the roles of social media for persons affected by infertility.METHODS: A cross-sectional, computer-assisted, self-administered online questionnaire, containing both open and closed questions, was used to collect data. The questionnaire was linked to the bulletin board of six closed infertility social forums. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis methods were used. A total of 132 participants completed the questionnaire containing questions about their use of social media dealing with infertility.RESULTS: Most of the questionnaires were answered by females (97.7%) through Facebook (87%). Over 60% of the respondents had taken part in discussions about infertility in social media, between one and three years and 39% participated more than once a day. Half of the participants devoted one to three hours weekly to the forums and wrote 1-5 postings per week. The forums offered participants information, solidarity, and the opportunity to receive and give support. However, an adverse aspect that was described concerned advice that were not evidence-based. Infertility was experienced as being alienated from social life and being fragmented as a person.CONCLUSION: Participating in infertility forums offers persons information about fertility treatments and social support in the process of coping with infertility.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Tamás, Éva, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Simulation educators in clinical work : the manager's perspective
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organization & Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 34:2, s. 181-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Information is scarce on healthcare managers' understanding of simulation educators' impact on clinical work. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore healthcare managers' perceptions of the significance of clinically active simulation educators for the organisation.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Healthcare managers were invited to be interviewed in a semi-structured manner. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify and analyse patterns of notions describing the managers' perceptions of simulation educators' impact as co-workers on their healthcare organisations.FINDINGS: The identified relevant themes for the healthcare unit were: (1) value for the manager, (2) value for the community and (3) boundaries. Simulation educators were perceived to be valuable gatekeepers of evidence-based knowledge and partners in leadership for educational issues. Their most prominent value for the community was establishing a reflective climate, facilitating open communication and thereby improving the efficacy of teamwork. Local tradition, economy, logistics and staffing of the unit during simulation training were suggested to have possible negative impacts on simulation educators' work.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings might have implications for the implementation and support of simulation training programs.SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS: Healthcare managers appreciated both the personal value of simulation educators and the effect of their work for their own unit. Local values were prioritised versus global. Simulation training was valued as an educational tool for continual professional development, although during the interviews, the managers did not indicate the importance of employment of pedagogically competent and experienced staff.ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study provided new insights about how simulation educators as team members affect clinical practice.
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