| 1. |
- Pradhan, Ajay, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of NF-kappa B Protein Prevents the Transition from Juvenile Ovary to Testis and Promotes Ovarian Development in Zebrafish
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - : The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 287:45, s. 37926-37938
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Testis differentiation in zebrafish involves juvenile ovary to testis transformation initiated by an apoptotic wave. The molecular regulation of this transformation process is not fully understood. NF-kappa B is activated at an early stage of development and has been shown to interact with steroidogenic factor-1 in mammals, leading to the suppression of anti-Mullerian hormone (Amh) gene expression. Because steroidogenic factor-1 and Amh are important for proper testis development, NF-kappa B-mediated induction of anti-apoptotic genes could, therefore, also play a role in zebrafish gonad differentiation. The aim of this study was to examine the potential role of NF-kappa B in zebrafish gonad differentiation. Exposure of juvenile zebrafish to heat-killed Escherichia coli activated the NF-kappa B pathways and resulted in an increased ratio of females from 30 to 85%. Microarray and quantitative real-time-PCR analysis of gonads showed elevated expression of NF-kappa B-regulated genes. To confirm the involvement of NF-kappa B-induced anti-apoptotic effects, zebrafish were treated with sodium deoxycholate, a known inducer of NF-kappa B or NF-kappa B activation inhibitor (NAI). Sodium deoxycholate treatment mimicked the effect of heat-killed bacteria and resulted in an increased proportion of females from 25 to 45%, whereas the inhibition of NF-kappa B using NAI resulted in a decrease in females from 45 to 20%. This study provides proof for an essential role of NF-kappa B in gonadal differentiation of zebrafish and represents an important step toward the complete understanding of the complicated process of sex differentiation in this species and possibly other cyprinid teleosts as well.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term efficacy of Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder with or without booster : a randomized controlled trial
- 2014
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 44:13, s. 2877-2887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. As relapse after completed cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common, many treatment protocols include booster programs to improve the long-term effects. However, the effects of booster programs are not well studied. In this study, we investigated the long-term efficacy of Internet-based CBT (ICBT) with therapist support for OCD with or without an Internet-based booster program. Method. A total of 101 participants were included in the long-term follow-up analysis of ICBT. Of these, 93 were randomized to a booster program or no booster program. Outcome assessments were collected at 4, 7, 12 and 24 months after receiving ICBT. Results. The entire sample had sustained long-term effects from pre-treatment to all follow-up assessments, with large within-group effect sizes (Cohen's d=1.58-2.09). The booster group had a significant mean reduction in OCD symptoms compared to the control condition from booster baseline (4 months) to 7 months, but not at 12 or 24 months. Participants in the booster group improved significantly in terms of general functioning at 7, 12 and 24 months, and had fewer relapses. Kaplan-Meier analysis also indicated a significantly slower relapse rate in the booster group. Conclusions. The results suggest that ICBT has sustained long-term effects and that adding an Internet-based booster program can further improve long-term outcome and prevent relapse for some OCD patients.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, S., et al.
(författare)
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Sulfur recirculation for increased electricity production in Waste-to-Energy plants
- 2014
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Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 34:1, s. 67-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sulfur recirculation is a new technology for reducing boiler corrosion and dioxin formation. It was demonstrated in full-scale tests at a Waste to Energy plant in Goteborg (Sweden) during nearly two months of operation. Sulfur was recirculated as sulfuric acid from the flue gas cleaning back to the boiler, thus creating a sulfur loop. The new technology was evaluated by extensive measurement campaigns during operation under normal conditions (reference case) and operation with sulfur recirculation. The chlorine content of both fly ash and boiler ash decreased and the sulfur content increased during the sulfur recirculation tests. The deposit growth and the particle concentration decreased with sulfur recirculation and the dioxin concentration (I-TEQ) of the flue gas was reduced by approximately 25%. Sulfuric acid dew point measurements showed that the sulfuric acid dosage did not lead to elevated SO3 concentrations, which may otherwise induce low temperature corrosion. In the sulfur recirculation corrosion probe exposures, the corrosion rate decreased for all tested materials (16Mo3, Sanicro 28 and Inconel 625) and material temperatures (450 degrees C and 525 degrees C) compared to the reference exposure. The corrosion rates were reduced by 60-90%. Sulfur recirculation prevented the formation of transition metal chlorides at the metal/oxide interface, formation of chromate and reduced the presence of zinc in the corrosion products. Furthermore, measured corrosion rates at 525 degrees C with sulfur recirculation in operation were similar or lower compared to those measured at 450 degrees C material temperature in reference conditions, which corresponds to normal operation at normal steam temperatures. This implies that sulfur recirculation allows for higher steam data and electricity production without increasing corrosion.
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| 4. |
- Augustsson Ryman, Sofia, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Enhancement Following a Strength and Injury Prevention Program: A 26-Week Individualized and Supervised Intervention in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
- 2011
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING. - : SAGE Publications. - 1747-9541 .- 2048-397X. ; 6:3, s. 399-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 26-week individualized and supervised strength and injury prevention program on performance enhancement in young female volleyball players who completed resistance training with either a supervised and individualized training program (experimental group, n=10) or an unsupervised non-individualized training program (control group, n=17). Exposure and injury data were collected during the 2006-2007 season (baseline season) and the 26-week program was conducted during the 2007-2008 season (intervention season). All players were tested for physical performance. At post-test, the players in the experimental group had improved significantly more than the players in the control group for squat (p<0.0001), bench press (p=0.048), push-ups (p=0.02) and sit-ups (p<0.0001) but not for the vertical jump test. Thirty-five percent (6/17) of the players from the control group and 80% (8/10) of the players in the experimental group completed the resistance training with compliance of no less than 50%. The present study shows the importance of individualization and supervision for resistance training in young female athletes when it comes to compliance, strength gains and performance.
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| 7. |
- Dahl-Jensen, D., et al.
(författare)
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Eemian interglacial reconstructed from a Greenland folded ice core
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 493:7433, s. 489-494
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Efforts to extract a Greenland ice core with a complete record of the Eemian interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) have until now been unsuccessful. The response of the Greenland ice sheet to the warmer-than-present climate of the Eemian has thus remained unclear. Here we present the new North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling ('NEEM') ice core and show only a modest ice-sheet response to the strong warming in the early Eemian. We reconstructed the Eemian record from folded ice using globally homogeneous parameters known from dated Greenland and Antarctic ice-core records. On the basis of water stable isotopes, NEEM surface temperatures after the onset of the Eemian (126,000 years ago) peaked at 8 +/- 4 degrees Celsius above the mean of the past millennium, followed by a gradual cooling that was probably driven by the decreasing summer insolation. Between 128,000 and 122,000 years ago, the thickness of the northwest Greenland ice sheet decreased by 400 +/- 250 metres, reaching surface elevations 122,000 years ago of 130 +/- 300 metres lower than the present. Extensive surface melt occurred at the NEEM site during the Eemian, a phenomenon witnessed when melt layers formed again at NEEM during the exceptional heat of July 2012. With additional warming, surface melt might become more common in the future.
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| 8. |
- Gerding, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The stone doors of the Erechtheion
- 2014
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Ingår i: ΛΑΒΡΥΣ : studies presented to Pontus Hellström - studies presented to Pontus Hellström. - 0346-6442 .- 0346-5462. - 9789155488314 ; 35, s. 251-269
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Gunnarsson, Rebeqa, et al.
(författare)
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Array-based genomic screening at diagnosis and during follow-up in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 1592-8721 .- 0390-6078. ; 96:8, s. 1161-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background High-resolution genomic microarrays enable simultaneous detection of copy-number aberrations such as the known recurrent aberrations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia [del(11q), del(13q), del(17p) and trisomy 12], and copy-number neutral loss of heterozygosity. Moreover, comparison of genomic profiles from sequential patients' samples allows detection of clonal evolution. Design and Methods We screened samples from 369 patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia from a population-based cohort using 250K single nucleotide polymorphism-arrays. Clonal evolution was evaluated in 59 follow-up samples obtained after 5-9 years. Results At diagnosis, copy-number aberrations were identified in 90% of patients; 70% carried known recurrent alterations, including del(13q) (55%), trisomy 12 (10.5%), del(11q) (10%), and del(17p) (4%). Additional recurrent aberrations were detected on chromosomes 2 (1.9%), 4 (1.4%), 8 (1.6%) and 14 (1.6%). Thirteen patients (3.5%) displayed recurrent copy-number neutral loss of heterozygosity on 13q, of whom 11 had concurrent homozygous del(13q). Genomic complexity and large 13q deletions correlated with inferior outcome, while the former was linked to poor-prognostic aberrations. In the follow-up study, clonal evolution developed in 8/24 (33%) patients with unmutated IGHV, and in 4/25 (16%) IGHV-mutated and treated patients. In contrast, untreated patients with mutated IGHV (n=10) did not acquire additional aberrations. The most common secondary event, del(13q), was detected in 6/12 (50%) of all patients with acquired alterations. Interestingly, aberrations on, for example, chromosome 6q, 8p, 9p and 10q developed exclusively in patients with unmutated IGHV. Conclusions Whole-genome screening revealed a high frequency of genomic aberrations in newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clonal evolution was associated with other markers of aggressive disease and commonly included the known recurrent aberrations.
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