| 1. |
- Carlsson, Lena M S, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term incidence of serious fall-related injuries after bariatric surgery in Swedish obese subjects.
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 43:4, s. 933-937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity increases risk of falling, but the effect of bariatric surgery on fall-related injuries is unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to study the association between bariatric surgery and long-term incidence of fall-related injuries in the prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects study. At inclusion, body mass index was≥34kg/m2 in men and ≥38kg/m2 in women. The surgery per-protocol group (n=2007) underwent gastric bypass (n=266), banding (n=376), or vertical banded gastroplasty (n=1365), and controls (n=2040) received usual care. At the time of analysis (31 December 2013), median follow-up was 19 years (maximal 26 years). Fall-related injuries requiring hospital treatment were captured using data from the Swedish National Patient Register. During follow-up, there were 617 first-time fall-related injuries in the surgery group and 513 in the control group (adjusted hazard ratio 1.21, 95% CI, 1.07-1.36; P=0.002). The incidence differed between treatment groups (P<0.001, log-rank test) and was higher after gastric bypass than after usual care, banding and vertical banded gastroplasty (adjusted hazard ratio 0.50-0.52, P<0.001 for all three comparisons). In conclusion, gastric bypass surgery was associated with increased risk of serious fall-related injury requiring hospital treatment.
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| 2. |
- Egevad, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Ny bibliotekssystemmiljö : slutrapport
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Slutrapport för projekt om ny bibliotekssystemmiljö. Projektets syfte var att få fram ett beslutsunderlag för hur en ny eller förändrad bibliotekssystemmiljö kan stödja bibliotekets verksamhet från 2016. Detta innebär att:Undersöka behoven utifrån processer för att få fram lösningar som ökar nyttan och effektiviteten samt kvaliteten i verksamheten.Analysera konsekvenserna av olika alternativa lösningar för en kommande bibliotekssystemiljö.Skapa ett underlag med rekommendationer för beslut i ledningsgruppen.
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| 3. |
- Novak, Iona, et al.
(författare)
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Early, Accurate Diagnosis and Early Intervention in Cerebral Palsy : Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment
- 2017
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Ingår i: JAMA pediatrics. - : American Medical Association. - 2168-6203 .- 2168-6211. ; 171:9, s. 897-907
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance: Cerebral palsy describes the most common physical disability in childhood and occurs in 1 in 500 live births. Historically, the diagnosis has been made between age 12 and 24 months but now can be made before 6 months' corrected age.Objectives: To systematically review best available evidence for early, accurate diagnosis of cerebral palsy and to summarize best available evidence about cerebral palsy-specific early intervention that should follow early diagnosis to optimize neuroplasticity and function.Evidence Review: This study systematically searched the literature about early diagnosis of cerebral palsy in MEDLINE (1956-2016), EMBASE (1980-2016), CINAHL (1983-2016), and the Cochrane Library (1988-2016) and by hand searching. Search terms included cerebral palsy, diagnosis, detection, prediction, identification, predictive validity, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The study included systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses, criteria of diagnostic accuracy, and evidence-based clinical guidelines. Findings are reported according to the PRISMA statement, and recommendations are reported according to the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument.Findings: Six systematic reviews and 2 evidence-based clinical guidelines met inclusion criteria. All included articles had high methodological Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) ratings. In infants, clinical signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy emerge and evolve before age 2 years; therefore, a combination of standardized tools should be used to predict risk in conjunction with clinical history. Before 5 months' corrected age, the most predictive tools for detecting risk are term-age magnetic resonance imaging (86%-89% sensitivity), the Prechtl Qualitative Assessment of General Movements (98% sensitivity), and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (90% sensitivity). After 5 months' corrected age, the most predictive tools for detecting risk are magnetic resonance imaging (86%-89% sensitivity) (where safe and feasible), the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (90% sensitivity), and the Developmental Assessment of Young Children (83% C index). Topography and severity of cerebral palsy are more difficult to ascertain in infancy, and magnetic resonance imaging and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination may be helpful in assisting clinical decisions. In high-income countries, 2 in 3 individuals with cerebral palsy will walk, 3 in 4 will talk, and 1 in 2 will have normal intelligence.Conclusions and Relevance: Early diagnosis begins with a medical history and involves using neuroimaging, standardized neurological, and standardized motor assessments that indicate congruent abnormal findings indicative of cerebral palsy. Clinicians should understand the importance of prompt referral to diagnostic-specific early intervention to optimize infant motor and cognitive plasticity, prevent secondary complications, and enhance caregiver well-being.
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| 4. |
- Warfvinge, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Single-cell molecular analysis defines therapy response and immunophenotype of stem cell subpopulations in CML
- 2017
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Ingår i: Blood. - : AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 129:17, s. 2384-2394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding leukemia heterogeneity is critical for the development of curative treatments as the failure to eliminate therapy-persistent leukemic stem cells (LSCs) may result in disease relapse. Here we have combined high-throughput immunopheno-typic screens with large-scale single-cell gene expression analysis to define the heterogeneity within the LSC population in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients at diagnosis and following conventional tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. Our results reveal substantial heterogeneity within the putative LSC population in CML at diagnosis and demonstrate differences in response to subsequent TKI treatment between distinct subpopulations. Importantly, LSC subpopulations with myeloid and proliferative molecular signatures are proportionally reduced at a higher extent in response to TKI therapy compared with subfractions displaying primitive and quiescent signatures. Additionally, cell surface expression of the CML stem cell markers CD25, CD26, and IL1RAP is high in all subpopulations at diagnosis but downregulated and unevenly distributed across subpopulations in response to TKI treatment. The most TKI-insensitive cells of the LSC compartment can be captured within the CD45RA(-) fraction and further defined as positive for CD26 in combination with an aberrant lack of cKIT expression. Together, our results expose a considerable heterogeneity of the CML stem cell population and propose a Lin(-) CD34(+) CD38(-/low) CD45RA(-) cKIT(-) CD26(+) population as a potential therapeutic target for improved therapy response.
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| 5. |
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Arbete och teknik på människans villkor
- 2015. - 3
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För att förstå samspelet mellan människor och mellan människor och teknik, krävs kunskaper inom flera olika områden. Boken inkluderar därför begrepp, kunskaper och metoder från bland annat psykologi, medicin, sociologi, fysik, kemi, ekonomi och juridik.Boken vänder sig främst till studerande inom arbetsvetenskap, ergonomi och liknande ämnesbenämningar på tekniska universitets- och högskoleutbildningar. Den passar också yrkesverksamma arbetsmiljöingenjörer, ergonomer och sjukgymnaster med flera.
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| 6. |
- Arngården, Linda, 1984-
(författare)
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Analysis of signaling pathway activity in single cells using the in situ Proximity Ligation Assay
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A cell that senses signals from its environment uses proteins for signal transduction via post translational modifications (PTMs) and protein- protein interactions (PPIs) from cell membrane into the nucleus where genes controlling cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis can be turned on or off, i.e. changing the phenotype or fate of the cell. Aberrations within such proteins are prone to cause diseases, such as cancer. Therefore, it is important so study aberrant signaling to be able to understand and treat diseases.In this thesis, signaling aberrations of PTMs and PPIs were analyzed with the use of the in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA), and the thesis also contain method development of rolling circle amplification (RCA), which is the method used for signal amplification of in situ PLA reaction products.Paper I considers the integrity of RCA products. Here, the aim was to generate a smaller and more compact RCA product, for more accurate either visual or automated analysis. This was achieved with the use of an additional so called compaction oligonucleotide that during RCA was able to bind and pull segments of RCA products closer together. The compaction oligonucleotide served to increase the signal to noise ratio and decrease the number of false positive signals.The crosstalk between the Hippo and TGFβ signaling pathways were studied in paper II. Activity of the Hippo signaling pathway is regulated by cell density sensing and tissue control. We found differences in amounts and localization of interactions between the effector proteins of the two pathways depending on cell density and TGFβ stimulation.In paper III the NF-кB signaling pathway constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was studied. A 4 base-pair frameshift deletion within the NFKBIE gene, which encodes the negative regulator IкBε, was found among 13 of a total 315 cases by the use of targeted deep sequencing. We found reduced levels of IкBε protein, decreased p65 inhibition, and increased phosphorylation, along with increased nuclear localization of p65 in NFKBIE deleted cases compared to healthy cases.Crosstalk between the Hippo and Wnt signaling pathway are studied within paper IV. Here, we found differences in cellular localization of TAZ/β-catenin interactions depending on colon cancer tumor stage and by further investigate Hippo/WNT crosstalk in cell line model systems we found an increase of complex formations involved in the crosstalk in sparse growing HEK293 cells compared to dense growing cells. Also, active WNT3a signaling was affected by cell density. Since cell density showed to have a big effect on Hippo/WNT crosstalk we continued to investigated the effect of E-cadherin, which has a function in cell junctions and maintenance of epithelial integrity on Hippo/WNT crosstalk. Interestingly, we found that E-cadherin is likely to regulate Hippo/WNT crosstalk.
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| 7. |
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| 9. |
- Bojmar, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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miR-18a is regulated between progressive compartments of cancers, and incorporated in exosomes with the potential of creating premetastatic niches and predict cancer outcome
- 2015
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ultimate cause of death for many cancer patients is the spread of the cancer via metastasis. Even so, there are still a lack of knowledge regarding the metastasis process. This study was performed to investigate the role of metastamirs in exosomes and their metastatic patterns. We used the well-established isogeneic murine cancer model of low metastatic 67NR cells, mimicking luminal/basal breast tumors, and highly metastatic 4T1 cells with characteristics of basal breast tumors. We studied the exosomal properties and pre-metastatic effects in this metastasis model and compared human materials and exosomes of several other tumor types. Our data clearly demonstrated that exosomes from the highly metastatic cells home to the metastatic organs of their parental cells whereas exosomes from cells with low metastatic potential mostly located to lymph nodes. The exosome protein cargos also resembled their parental cells and potentially affects their target organs, and cells, differently. Furthermore, the exosomes from the highly metastatic cells had a more pronounced effect on tumor growth and pre-metastatic changes than the low metastatic exosomes. The microRNA-18a, a predictor of metastasis, was present to a higher extent in metastatic exosomes as compared to low metastatic exosomes, and altered the tumor progressive properties. Our findings support the role of exomirs as important players in the metastatic process, the value as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
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| 10. |
- Brouder, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Hyper-production : a new metric of multifinctionality
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Countryside. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1803-8417. ; 7:3, s. 134-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multifunctionality has emerged as the dominant framework for understanding rural socioeconomic landscapes. The central claim of multifunctionality – that rural regions need to be understood as being made up of more than just traditional uses – has led to the incorporation of new rural activities into regional development plans, e.g., tourism. In some places, such post-productive activity is perceived to be slowly replacing productive uses of the land, e.g., agriculture/forestry. However, there is limited empirical evidence to support such claims. Drawing on previous research and data from the Swedish countryside this paper shows that, even as the number of persons employed within traditional activities decreases, the economic output per areal unit and per labour hour is increasing over time and traditional uses still occupy the majority of rural space. Hyper-production is introduced as a new metric for understanding multifunctional regions going forward. The complementary union of economic mainstays, such as agriculture, and newer activities with more quality-of-life benefits, such as tourism, is highlighted in terms of economic diversification, job creation and local social capital development, while the conflict-prone intersection of these two modes is also acknowledged. Understanding hyper-production as a key metric of multifunctionality is thus argued as integral to planning and developing resilient rural regions now and for the future.
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