| 1. |
- Hellquist, H. B., et al.
(författare)
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Bcl-2 immunoreactivity in salivary gland neoplasms is unrelated to the expression of mRNA for natural killer cell stimulatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-12
- 1996
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Ingår i: Virchows Archiv. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0945-6317 .- 1432-2307. ; 429:2-3, s. 149-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Certain cytokines are involved in the generation of natural killer (NK) cells and participate in the regulation of the proto-oncogene bcl-2. We aimed to study the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and IL-5, the composition of the tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), and the expression of bcl-2 in 14 benign and malignant human parotid tumours. T IL were predominantly composed of T lymphocytes and NK cells. We found evidence for the homing of T cells, and for generation of NK cells in the vicinity of the tumours. mRNA for IL-2 and IL-12, were identified but IL-4 mRNA was not found. The cytokine profiles and the composition of TIL of the two tumour categories were indistinguishable, suggesting that these host-response variables do not explain the differences in biological behaviour of these particular tumours. The results support a shift towards Th 1 (T helper 1) cells and interferon-gamma production, and that IL-12 also in vivo may play an important role in the regulatory interaction between innate resistance and adaptive immunity in tumour diseases. Most infiltrating lymphocytes showed strong expression of bcl-2; an interesting observation with regard to lymphocytic apoptosis in neoplastic diseases. The immunoreactivity for the bcl-2 protein varied considerably between and within tumours, and almost all benign tumours showed strong bcl-2 positively whereas several of the malignant tumours showed weak or absent staining. The variable expression of bcl-2 protein suggests a different susceptibility of tumour cells to apoptosis. The results also indicate that bcl-2 cannot pla a major role as protective agent in the specific apoptotic pathway induced by NK cells.
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| 2. |
- Bojrup, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A Dual Purpose battery Charger for Electric Vehicles
- 1998
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Ingår i: PESC 98 Conference Proceedings. ; , s. 565-570
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedA dual purpose, high power, off board battery charger for electric vehicles is presented. For higher viability and increased usage of the charger, grid conditioning capabilities are included in the concept. Conventional power electronic converter topologies are used in a new application, which combines fast EV battery charging with active filtering. Furthermore bi-directional power flow capabilities are provided to accommodate grid peak power requirements. Both simulation and experimental results are presented in this paper which demonstrate the capabilities of the new charger.
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| 3. |
- Bojrup, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Multiple Rotating Integrator Controller for Active Filters
- 1999
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Ingår i: EPE 99 Conference Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedA controller scheme based on multiple rotating integrators (MRI) for an active filter is presented, analysed and evaluated. The inherent performance of integrators in the synchronous reference dq-frame for reduction of steady state errors are used in multiple rotating reference frames in order to compensate harmonics to obtain a steady state error equal to zero. Both measurements and simulations clearly verify the advantageous performance in comparison to presently used active filters. Particularly in experimental verification, the MRI controller structure outperforms the alternative methods due to its low sensitivity to parameter variation and non linear properties of the system. This is particularly important since the superiority of the MRI structure is not fully revealed only by simulation. It is shown that the MRI structure do suppress harmonics to the measurement noise level.
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| 4. |
- Carlsson, Mats, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Design and application of a terminology management system
- 1998
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Ingår i: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, Volume 52. - Australia : IOS Press. - 9789051994070 ; , s. 207-211
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Swedish data model for handling terminology, Spriterm, is presented in this paper. A prototype terminology management system, using the Spriterm data model in also described. This prototype is implemented is Microsoft ACCESS. Furthermore, two other applications using this prototype as a base are introduced. One World Wide Web based application, and a data dictionary.
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| 5. |
- Danermark, Berth, et al.
(författare)
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Att förklara samhället
- 1997
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Att förklara samhället är en bok i metodologi. Med den kritiska realismen som grund presenterar författarna metodologiska riktlinjer för en samhällsvetenskap med höga anspråk på att kunna förklara samhälleliga förhållanden.Bokens nio kapitel behandlar samhällsvetenskapens ontologiska och epistemologiska grunder, begreppsbildning och strukturell analys, kausalitet och förklaring, samhällsvetenskapen som tolkande vetenskap, förhållandet mellan struktur och aktör, olika former av slutledningar och tankeoperationer, relationen mellan det generella och det individuella, teoriers betydelse i forskningspraktiken, olika sätt att koppla teori och empiri, kombinationer av metoder (det som i boken kallas kritisk metodpluralism) samt grunderna för en samhällsrelevant samhällsvetenskap.Kritiken mot de positivistiska vetenskapsidealen, empirismen och tron på den objektiva, bevisade kunskapen har delvis slagit över i sin motsats, en överdriven försiktighet, en långtgående relativism, en betoning på vad vetenskapen inte kan göra i stället för vad den kan göra. Denna bok visar att det finns ett fruktbart alternativ till dessa positioner, ett alternativ som ger mer realistiska och samtidigt konstruktiva grunder för samhällsvetenskaplig forskning.
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| 6. |
- Davidsson, Åke, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Positive identification in situ of mRNA expression of IL-6, and IL-12, and the chemotactic cytokine RANTES in patients with chronic sinusitis and polypoid disease. Clinical relevance and relation to allergy
- 1996
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - Oxfordshire, United Kingdom : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 116:4, s. 604-610
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interleukins 6 (IL-6) and 12 (IL-12), and the chemoattractant chemokine RANTES were studied in ethmoidal mucosa, using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The 49 patients had chronic sinusitis or nasal/paranasal polyposis, and some also allergy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates RANTES and IL-12 on mRNA level in human sinonasal mucosa in situ. mRNA for IL-6, IL-12 and RANTES were detected in 2, 8 and 6 patients with chronic sinusitis, respectively, and in mucosa from patients with polyposis a positive expression was observed in 4, 14 and 10 cases. There were no statistically significant differences. Analysing the entire group of 49 patients, disregarding type of mucosal disease, the number of patients with positive RANTES was significantly higher than that for IL-6. Similarly, IL-12 positivity was more frequently expressed than IL-6. mRNA for IL-6 was expressed in only 2 of the allergic patients. The cytokine production studied thus seems to be unrelated to the clinically defined entities. There is thus a local production in human diseased sinonasal mucosa of RANTES, as well as of IL-6 and IL-12. The local production of RANTES is an important prerequisite for recruitment and migration of inflammatory cells into the tissue. IL-12 is a co-stimulator of antigen-specific responses of established T helper 1 (Th1) clones, and regulates the responsiveness of the clones to a number of T cell growth factors. The study supports a shift towards Th1 cells in these disease entities.
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| 7. |
- Edwards, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Aggregate Structure in Dilute Aqueous Dispersions of Oleic Acid/Sodium Oleate and Oleic Acid/Sodium Oleate/Egg Phosphatidylcholine
- 1995
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 11:7, s. 2429-2434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cryo-transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the aggregate structure in dilute aqueous samples of oleic acid, as a function of pH. At pH 10.7, where the fatty acid is almost completely deprotonated, the micrographs show spherical or cylindrical micelles depending on the concentration. Upon a decrease of the pH to values just above 9, formation of unilamellar vesicles is induced. With decreasing pH the vesicles show an increasing tendency to aggregate. At pH between 8 and 7, large clusters of aggregated vesicles coexist with dispersed nonlamellar, presumably inverted hexagonal structures. Further decrease in pH results in a complete transition into nonlamellar liquid-crystalline structures and finally to the formation of oil droplets. Addition of high concentrations of oleic acid to small unilamellar lecithin vesicles induces, at pH 7.4 and lower, clustering and formation of particles with nonlamellar structure. At high pH, on the other hand, oleic acid acts like a conventional cationic surfactant. With increasing fatty acid: lipid molar ratio both significant vesicle growth and finally lipid solubilization into mixed micelles are observed.
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| 8. |
- Ejlertsson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Anaerobic Degradation of Nonylphenol Mono- and Diethoxylates in Digestor Sludge, Landfilled Municipal Solid Waste, and Landfilled Sludge
- 1999
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1086-931X .- 1520-6912 .- 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 33:2, s. 301-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which anaerobic digestor sludge, landfilled sludge, and landfilled municipal solid waste (MSW) degrade NPEOs under methanogenic conditions. NPEO1 and NPEO2 (NPEO1-2), used in a mixture, were chosen as model compounds. Anaerobic experimental bottles were amended with 100% digestor sludge at three different concentrations of NPEO1-2: 2, 60, and 308 mg L-1. [U-14C]-NPEO1-2 was used to detect any possible decomposition of the aromatic moiety of the NPEO1-2. All inoculates used degraded NPEO1-2 at 2 mg L-1, with nonylphenol (NP) forming the ultimate degradation product. The NP formed was not further degraded, and the incubations with labeled NPEO showed that the aromatic structure remained intact. Both landfill inoculates also transformed NPEO1-2 at 60 mg L-1. CH4 production was temporarily hampered in bottles with MSW landfill inoculum at 60 and 308 mg L-1. With 2 mg L-1 of NPEO, CH4 production closely followed that in the controls. Both NP and NPEO1-2 interacted with the organic matter which resulted in sorption to the solid phase.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Mats, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Discovery of an algal mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase : molecular cloning and characterization of a low-CO2-induced polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 1996
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 93:21, s. 12031-12034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In green unicellular algae, several polypeptides are induced upon exposure to limiting CO2. We report here on the localization and characterization of one of these, a 22-kDa polypeptide in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This nuclear-encoded polypeptide is induced in the mitochondria by a lowering of the partial pressure of CO2 in the growth medium from 5% to air CO2 levels. Sequencing of two different cDNA clones coding for the polypeptide identified it as a 20.7-kDa beta-type carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate dehydratase, carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.1). The two clones differ in their nucleotide sequences but code for identical proteins, showing that this CA is encoded by at least two genes. Northern blot hybridization reveals that mRNA transcripts are only present in cells transferred to air CO2 levels. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of other beta-CAs shows the largest degree of similarity with CA from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis (50% identity and 66% similarity). To our knowledge, this is the first identification and characterization of a mitochondrial CA from a photosynthetic organism.
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| 10. |
- Fergedal, May, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in CD14 and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase positivity and relation to prognosis in AML
- 1998
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Ingår i: Leukemia research. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 0145-2126 .- 1873-5835. ; 22:1, s. 25-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and CD14 expression, used for determination of monocytic cells, were compared and related to prognosis in 65 AML patients. Bone marrow aspiration material from AML patients has been used for the cytochemistry as well as flow cytometry. All non-erythroid cells have been included in the evaluation in both methods. 17/65 cases showed at least 15% difference between the proportion CD14 and ANAE positive cells. Cases with 20% or more CD14 positivity had poorer prognosis. For FAB classes M0-M3, presence of 10% or more CD14 was negative for overall survival (P = 0.01). ANAE did not show significant prognostic influence.
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