| 1. |
- Assenhöj, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Protein interaction, monocyte toxicity and immunogenic properties of cerium oxide crystals with 5% or 14% gadolinium, cobalt oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles–an interdisciplinary approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nanotoxicology. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1743-5390 .- 1743-5404. ; 15:8, s. 1035-1038
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in both consumer products and medical applications, but the knowledge regarding exposure-related health effects is limited. However, it is challenging to investigate nanoparticle interaction processes with biological systems. The overall aim of this project was to improve the possibility to predict exposure-related health effects of metal oxide nanoparticles through interdisciplinary collaboration by combining workflows from the pharmaceutical industry, nanomaterial sciences, and occupational medicine. Specific aims were to investigate nanoparticle-protein interactions and possible adverse immune reactions. Four different metal oxide nanoparticles; CeOx nanocrystals with 5% or 14% Gd, Co3O4, and Fe2O3, were characterized by dynamic light scattering and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Nanoparticle-binding proteins were identified and screened for HLA-binding peptides in silico. Monocyte interaction with nanoparticle–protein complexes was assessed in vitro. Herein, for the first time, immunogenic properties of nanoparticle-binding proteins have been characterized. The present study indicates that especially Co3O4-protein complexes can induce both ‘danger signals’, verified by the production of inflammatory cytokines and simultaneously bind autologous proteins, which can be presented as immunogenic epitopes by MHC class II. The clinical relevance of these findings should be further evaluated to investigate the role of metal oxide nanoparticles in the development of autoimmune disease. The general workflow identified experimental difficulties, such as nanoparticle aggregate formation and a lack of protein-free buffers suitable for particle characterization, protein analyses, as well as for cell studies. This confirms the importance of future interdisciplinary collaborations. © 2021 The Author(s).
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Hanna L., et al.
(författare)
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Health hazards of particles in additive manufacturing : a cross-disciplinary study on reactivity, toxicity and occupational exposure to two nickel-based alloys
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing use of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques (e.g., 3D-printing) offers many advantages but at the same time presents some challenges. One concern is the possible exposure and health risk related to metal containing particles of different sizes. Using the nickel-based alloys Hastelloy X (HX) and Inconel 939 (IN939) as a case, the aim of this cross-disciplinary study was to increase the understanding on possible health hazards and exposure. This was done by performing in-depth characterization of virgin, reused and condensate powders, testing in vitro toxicity (cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress), and measuring occupational airborne exposure. The results showed limited metal release from both HX and IN939, and slightly different surface composition of reused compared to virgin powders. No or small effects on the cultured lung cells were observed when tested up to 100 µg/mL. Particle background levels in the printing facilities were generally low, but high transient peaks were observed in relation to sieving. Furthermore, during post processing with grinding, high levels of nanoparticles (> 100,000 particles/cm3) were noted. Urine metal levels in AM operators did not exceed biomonitoring action limits. Future studies should focus on understanding the toxicity of the nanoparticles formed during printing and post-processing.
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| 3. |
- Li, Hongzhe, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of phenotypically, functionally, and anatomically distinct stromal niche populations in human bone marrow based on single-cell RNA sequencing
- 2023
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Ingår i: eLife. - : eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hematopoiesis is regulated by the bone marrow (BM) stroma. However, cellular identities and functions of the different BM stromal elements in humans remain poorly defined. Based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), we systematically characterized the human non-hematopoietic BM stromal compartment and we investigated stromal cell regulation principles based on the RNA velocity analysis using scVelo and studied the interactions between the human BM stromal cells and hematopoietic cells based on ligand-receptor (LR) expression using CellPhoneDB. scRNAseq led to the identification of six transcriptionally and functionally distinct stromal cell populations. Stromal cell differentiation hierarchy was recapitulated based on RNA velocity analysis and in vitro proliferation capacities and differentiation potentials. Potential key factors that might govern the transition from stem and progenitor cells to fate-committed cells were identified. In situ localization analysis demonstrated that different stromal cells were localized in different niches in the bone marrow. In silico cell-cell communication analysis further predicted that different stromal cell types might regulate hematopoiesis through distinct mechanisms. These findings provide the basis for a comprehensive understanding of the cellular complexity of the human BM microenvironment and the intricate stroma-hematopoiesis crosstalk mechanisms, thus refining our current view on human hematopoietic niche organization.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Engineered human Diamond-Blackfan anemia disease model confirms therapeutic effects of clinically applicable lentiviral vector at single-cell resolution
- 2023
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - 1592-8721. ; 108:11, s. 3095-3109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia is a rare genetic bone marrow failure disorder which is usually caused by mutations in ribosomal protein genes. In the present study, we generated a traceable RPS19-deficient cell model using CRISPR-Cas9 and homology-directed repair to investigate the therapeutic effects of a clinically applicable lentiviral vector at single-cell resolution. We developed a gentle nanostraw delivery platform to edit RPS19 gene in primary human cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The edited cells showed expected impaired erythroid differentiation phenotype and a specific erythroid progenitor with abnormal cell cycle status accompanied by enrichment of TNFα/NF-κB and p53 signaling pathways was identified by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. The therapeutic vector could rescue the abnormal erythropoiesis by activating cell cycle-related signaling pathways and promoted red blood cell production. Overall, these results establish nanostraws as a gentle option for CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing in sensitive primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and provide support for future clinical investigations of the lentiviral gene therapy strategy.
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| 5. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 6. |
- Nordanstig, Annika, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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EndoVAscular treatment and ThRombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Patients (EVA-TRISP) registry: basis and methodology of a pan-European prospective ischaemic stroke revascularisation treatment registry.
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients (TRISP) collaboration was a concerted effort initiated in 2010 with the purpose to address relevant research questions about the effectiveness and safety of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). The collaboration also aims to prospectively collect data on patients undergoing endovascular treatment (EVT) and hence the name of the collaboration was changed from TRISP to EVA-TRISP. The methodology of the former TRISP registry for patients treated with IVT has already been published. This paper focuses on describing the EVT part of the registry.All centres committed to collecting predefined variables on consecutive patients prospectively. We aim for accuracy and completeness of the data and to adapt local databases to investigate novel research questions. Herein, we introduce the methodology of a recently constructed academic investigator-initiated open collaboration EVT registry built as an extension of an existing IVT registry in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS).Currently, the EVA-TRISP network includes 20 stroke centres with considerable expertise in EVT and maintenance of high-quality hospital-based registries. Following several successful randomised controlled trials (RCTs), many important clinical questions remain unanswered in the (EVT) field and some of them will unlikely be investigated in future RCTs. Prospective registries with high-quality data on EVT-treated patients may help answering some of these unanswered issues, especially on safety and efficacy of EVT in specific patient subgroups.This collaborative effort aims at addressing clinically important questions on safety and efficacy of EVT in conditions not covered by RCTs. The TRISP registry generated substantial novel data supporting stroke physicians in their daily decision making considering IVT candidate patients. While providing observational data on EVT in daily clinical practice, our future findings may likewise be hypothesis generating for future research as well as for quality improvement (on EVT). The collaboration welcomes participation of further centres willing to fulfill the commitment and the outlined requirements.
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| 7. |
- Nordanstig, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Mortality with Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Peripheral Artery Disease.
- 2020
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 383, s. 2538-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of a recent meta-analysis aroused concern about an increased risk of death associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated angioplasty balloons and stents in lower-limb endovascular interventions for symptomatic peripheral artery disease.We conducted an unplanned interim analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, open-label, registry-based clinical trial. At the time of the analysis, 2289 patients had been randomly assigned to treatment with drug-coated devices (the drug-coated-device group, 1149 patients) or treatment with uncoated devices (the uncoated-device group, 1140 patients). Randomization was stratified according to disease severity on the basis of whether patients had chronic limb-threatening ischemia (1480 patients) or intermittent claudication (809 patients). The single end point for this interim analysis was all-cause mortality.No patients were lost to follow-up. Paclitaxel was used as the coating agent for all the drug-coated devices. During a mean follow-up of 2.49 years, 574 patients died, including 293 patients (25.5%) in the drug-coated-device group and 281 patients (24.6%) in the uncoated-device group (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.22). At 1 year, all-cause mortality was 10.2% (117 patients) in the drug-coated-device group and 9.9% (113 patients) in the uncoated-device group. During the entire follow-up period, there was no significant difference in the incidence of death between the treatment groups among patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (33.4% [249 patients] in the drug-coated-device group and 33.1% [243 patients] in the uncoated-device group) or among those with intermittent claudication (10.9% [44 patients] and 9.4% [38 patients], respectively).In this randomized trial in which patients with peripheral artery disease received treatment with paclitaxel-coated or uncoated endovascular devices, the results of an unplanned interim analysis of all-cause mortality did not show a difference between the groups in the incidence of death during 1 to 4 years of follow-up. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02051088.).
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| 8. |
- Rosa, Fábio F, et al.
(författare)
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Single-cell transcriptional profiling informs efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells to cross-presenting dendritic cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science Immunology. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2470-9468. ; 7:69, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) are rare immune cells critical for the induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, although the genetic program driving human cDC1 specification remains largely unexplored. We previously identified PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 transcription factors as sufficient to induce cDC1 fate in mouse fibroblasts, but reprogramming of human somatic cells was limited by low efficiency. Here, we investigated single-cell transcriptional dynamics during human cDC1 reprogramming. Human induced cDC1s (hiDC1s) generated from embryonic fibroblasts gradually acquired a global cDC1 transcriptional profile and expressed antigen presentation signatures, whereas other DC subsets were not induced at the single-cell level during the reprogramming process. We extracted gene modules associated with successful reprogramming and identified inflammatory signaling and the cDC1-inducing transcription factor network as key drivers of the process. Combining IFN-γ, IFN-β, and TNF-α with constitutive expression of cDC1-inducing transcription factors led to improvement of reprogramming efficiency by 190-fold. hiDC1s engulfed dead cells, secreted inflammatory cytokines, and performed antigen cross-presentation, key cDC1 functions. This approach allowed efficient hiDC1 generation from adult fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells. Mechanistically, PU.1 showed dominant and independent chromatin targeting at early phases of reprogramming, recruiting IRF8 and BATF3 to shared binding sites. The cooperative binding at open enhancers and promoters led to silencing of fibroblast genes and activation of a cDC1 program. These findings provide mechanistic insights into human cDC1 specification and reprogramming and represent a platform for generating patient-tailored cDC1s, a long-sought DC subset for vaccination strategies in cancer immunotherapy.
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| 9. |
- Warsi, Sarah, et al.
(författare)
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Schlafen2 is a regulator of quiescence in adult murine hematopoietic stem cells
- 2022
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Ingår i: Haematologica. - : Ferrata Storti Foundation (Haematologica). - 0390-6078 .- 1592-8721. ; 107:12, s. 2884-2896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Even though hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are characterized by their ability to self-renew and differentiate, they primarily reside in quiescence. Despite the immense importance of this quiescent state, its maintenance and regulation is still incompletely understood. Schlafen2 (Slfn2) is a cytoplasmic protein known to be involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, quiescence, interferon response, and regulation of the immune system. Interestingly, Slfn2 is highly expressed in primitive hematopoietic cells. In order to investigate the role of Slfn2 in the regulation of HSC we have studied HSC function in the elektra mouse model, where the elektra allele of the Slfn2 gene contains a point mutation causing loss of function of the Slfn2 protein. We found that homozygosity for the elektra allele caused a decrease of primitive hematopoietic compartments in murine bone marrow. We further found that transplantation of elektra bone marrow and purified HSC resulted in a significantly reduced regenerative capacity of HSC in competitive transplantation settings. Importantly, we found that a significantly higher fraction of elektra HSC (as compared to wild-type HSC) were actively cycling, suggesting that the mutation in Slfn2 increases HSC proliferation. This additionally caused an increased amount of apoptotic stem and progenitor cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that dysregulation of Slfn2 results in a functional deficiency of primitive hematopoietic cells, which is particularly reflected by a drastically impaired ability to reconstitute the hematopoietic system following transplantation and an increase in HSC proliferation. This study thus identifies Slfn2 as a novel and critical regulator of adult HSC and HSC quiescence.
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| 10. |
- Woksepp, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales through wastewater and gulls at a wastewater treatment plant in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we report the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) isolated from Swedish wastewater and gull faeces. CPE have not been detected in samples from animals in Sweden preceding this report. Sampling of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) inlet and outlet, sedimentation basins, surface seawater from key aquatic bird habitats and freshly deposited gull faeces was done on six separate occasions during May to September 2021. Following broth enrichment, selective screening of putative CPE was performed on mSuperCarbaTM (CHROMagar). Species identification was done with MALDI-TOF. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to EUCAST. In total, seventeen CPE were verified by genome sequencing carrying blaGES-5, blaIMI-3, blaOXA-181 or blaOXA-244. The blaGES-5 was carried on IncP plasmids in four different species; Escherichia coli ST10 isolated from WWTP outlet, Raoultella ornithinolytica isolated from WWTP inlet, outlet and sedimentation basins as well as gull faeces collected at the WWTP and Klebsiella spp. isolates from WWTP inlet and outlet. The genetic environment surrounding blaGES-5 was similar in two Citrobacter freundii causing human infections. The blaIMI-3 was carried on IncFII(Yp) plasmids in four Enterobacter ludwigii, isolated from WWTP outlet and gull faeces collected at a recreational city park 2 km from the WWTP. The blaOXA-181 was located on a COLKP3 plasmid found in an E. coli, while blaOXA-244 was chromosomally located in an E. coli ST10, both isolated from WWTP inlet. Phylogenetic analysis of R. ornithinolytica and E. ludwigii isolates indicate that the gulls carried strains related to those identified in the WWTP samples. The results thus add to the increasing evidence of WWTPs as anthropogenic reservoirs for mobile genetic elements with antibiotic-resistance functionality. Such environments could profoundly impact the dissemination and spread of such genetic elements via for example aquatic birds, thereby warranting further study and surveillance.
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