| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Björn A., 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Materials constraints in a global energy scenario based on thin-film solar cells
- 1998
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Ingår i: Energy. - 0360-5442. ; 23, s. 407-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Harnessing solar energy by using photovoltaic cells has the potential to become a major CO2-free energy source. Materials requirements for the solar cells based on four types of thin-film photovoltaics have been estimated and compared with global reserves, resources and annual refining. The use of solar cells based on Cd, Ga, Ge, In, Ru, Se and Te as a major energy-supply technology has severe resource constraints. Other systems such as a-Si without Ge and crystalline silicon do not involve such constraints. For some of these metals, there is the risk of enhanced, environmentally deleterious concentrations in the ecosphere due to leakage from manufacturing, use or waste handling.
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| 3. |
- Egorov, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Time-domain Green dyadics for temporally dispersive, simple media
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General. - : IOP Publishing. - 0305-4470 .- 1361-6447. ; 31:14, s. 40-3219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Time-domain fundamental solutions and Green dyadics for temporally dispersive, simple media are introduced. Second forerunner approximations to the electromagnetic fields from an electric point dipole in unbounded dispersive materials are obtained. Numerical results for two frequently used material models are presented. Moreover, surface integral representations of the electromagnetic fields in dispersive media are obtained, and, finally, surface integral equations are derived for impenetrable and permeable scatterers.
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| 4. |
- Egorov, Igor, et al.
(författare)
-
Time-domain Green dyadics for temporally dispersive, simple media
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Time-domain fundamental solutions and Green dyadics for temporally dispersive, simple media are introduced. Second forerunner approximations to the electromagnetic fields from an electric point dipole in unbounded dispersive materials are obtained. Numerical results for two frequently used material models are presented. Moreover, surface integral representations of the electromagnetic fields in dispersive media are obtained, and, finally, surface integral equations are derived for impenetrable and permeable scatterers.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The Time-Domain Theory of Forerunners
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The time-domain theory of forerunners (precursors) in temporally dispersive, nonmagnetic, isotropic materials is developed using the propagator technique. Specifically, the impulse response at a (comparatively) large propagation depth is expanded in two different ways: (a) with respect to the wave-front and (b) with respect to slowly varying field components. A few numerical examples illustrating the theory are given.
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| 7. |
- Karlsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Time-Domain Theory of Forerunners
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of the Optical Society of America A. - 1084-7529. ; 15:2, s. 487-502
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The time-domain theory of forerunners (precursors) in temporally dispersive, nonmagnetic, isotropic materials is developed with the propagator technique. Specifically, the impulse response at a (comparatively) large propagation depth is expanded in two different ways: (a) with respect to the wave front and (b) with respect to slowly varying field components. A few numerical examples illustrating the theory are given.
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| 8. |
- Karlsson, Britt M., et al.
(författare)
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The effect of the calcium antagonist nimodipine on the detoxification of soman in anaesthetized rabbits.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology (JPP). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-3573 .- 2042-7158. ; 49:3, s. 296-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of nimodipine, a vasoactive calcium antagonist, on the disappearance of soman from blood was studied in anaesthetized rabbits intoxicated with soman (10.8 micrograms kg-1 i.v.). Blood samples from the left heart ventricle and femoral artery were used to investigate soman detoxification. The concentrations of the soman isomers C+P- and C-P- in blood samples were determined by gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. During the sampling, 15-300 s after soman injection, the soman concentration in control animals decreased from 50 to 0.029 ng mL-1; in animals pre-treated with nimodipine (10 mg kg-1) it decreased from 15 to 0.033 ng mL-1. In animals pre-treated with nimodipine the soman concentration was significantly reduced during the first minute of sampling. No differences were detected between soman concentrations in samples from the heart and femoral artery. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was also used as an indicator of soman activity; there was no difference between the activity of this enzyme in different peripheral organs of control and nimodipine-treated animals. Nimodipine reduces the initial concentration of soman in the blood, which might be of significance in the treatment of soman intoxication.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Karlsson, Sten, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Man and material flows
- 1997
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The text in this book presents various system aspects on materials ows in society and nature and then mainly from a natural sciences and technical point of view. It is aiming at giving an overview of important material ows in society and in nature and their interactions in a sustainability perspective and the text is therefore of a more principal character. More examples and applications in specific sectors of society can be found in the other books of this series. Unfortunately, the examples and data presented in this book are exclusively from western countries. The documented and available studies on materials ows in the society and their connections to the environmental and resource problems are to an overwhelming majority describing western societies and this book has drawn from these studies.
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