| 1. |
- Ahlbäck Öberg, Shirin, et al.
(författare)
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Projektsamhället och hoten mot akademin
- 2016
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Ingår i: Det hotade universitetet. - Stockholm : Dialogos Förlag. - 9789175042992 ; , s. 9-26
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bennich-Björkman, Li, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Dags för Lemne att lämna
- 2015
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Ingår i: Upsala Nya Tidning. ; march 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 3. |
- Björnsson, Lars Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Electrification of the two-car household: PHEV or BEV?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transportation Research, Part C: Emerging Technologies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-090X. ; 85, s. 363-376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In previous works, we have shown two-car households to be better suited than one-car households for leveraging the potential benefits of the battery electric vehicle (BEV), both when the BEV simply replaces the second car and when it is used optimally in combination with a conventional car to overcome the BEV’s range limitation and increase its utilization. Based on a set of GPS-measured car movement data from 64 two-car households in Sweden, we here assess the potential electric driving of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) in a two-car household and compare the resulting economic viability and potential fuel substitution to that of a BEV. Using estimates of near-term mass production costs, our results suggest that, for Swedish twocar households, the PHEV in general should have a higher total cost of ownership than the BEV, provided the use of the BEV is optimized. However, the PHEV will increasingly be favored if, for example, drivers cannot or do not want to optimize usage. In addition, the PHEV and the BEV are not perfect substitutes. The PHEV may be favored if drivers require that the vehicle be able to satisfy all driving needs (i.e., if drivers don’t accept the range and charge-time restrictions of the BEV) or if drivers requires an even larger battery in the BEV to counter range anxiety. We find that, given a particular usage strategy, the electric drive fraction (EDF) of the vehicle fleet is less dependent on whether PHEVs or BEVs are used to replace one of the conventional cars in two-car households. Instead, the EDF depends more on the usage strategy, i.e., on whether the PHEV/BEV is used to replace the conventional car with the higher annual mileage (“the first car”), the less used car (“the second car”), or is used flexibly to substitute for either in order to optimize use. For example, from a fuel replacement perspective it is often better to replace the first car with a PHEV than to replace the second with a BEV.
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| 4. |
- Björnsson, Lars Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Objective functions for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle battery range optimization and possible effects on the vehicle fleet
- 2018
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Ingår i: Transportation Research, Part C: Emerging Technologies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-090X. ; 86, s. 655-669
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) mainly runs on the same fuel as a conventional combustion engine, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has the potential to replace most of that fuel with electricity from the grid. Further, the driving-range limitations associated with a pure battery electric vehicle (BEV) do not apply to the PHEV. This makes the PHEV an interesting option for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and local air pollutants as well as energy dependence, without sacrificing performance. However, how large fuel reduction that could be expected from PHEVs strongly depends on the battery range and driving and charging patterns (Björnsson and Karlsson, 2015). To maximize fuel reduction, battery capacity should be designed to reach a high share of electric driving. However, maximizing fuel reduction might not be the main objective for all stakeholders when optimizing battery range. Car owners could be more interested in reaching a low total cost of ownership (TCO), while manufacturers might focus on a battery range that suits as many potential buyers as possible. In this study, we analyze how the optimal battery range for the PHEV and the resulting vehicle fleet properties vary with the choice of objective function under various techno-economic conditions and policy options.
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| 5. |
- Björnsson, Lars Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: How individual movement patterns affect battery requirements, the potential to replace conventional fuels, and economic viability
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9118 .- 0306-2619. ; 143, s. 336-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using GPS data logged for a representative sample of individual vehicles in private use, we assess the viability of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in Sweden for a wide range of techno-economic conditions. We determine requirements for PHEVs with the aid of a simple parameterization used to analyze the GPS data covering number of trips, driving distance per trip, and parking times, logged for 30 days or longer, for 432 conventional Swedish cars. Good opportunities for charging and regular distances traveled between rechargings increase the potential for battery-powered driving and, along with a high annual mileage, enhance the viability of the PHEV. Therefore, commuters are likely to be the first drivers for whom the PHEV will be cost-effective. Making charging infrastructure available at work places would enhance the opportunity for this group of early adopters, as we show that charging while at work is comparable at the-initial stage to halving the marginal battery costs for the average commuter.
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| 6. |
- Björnsson, Lars Henrik, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The potential for brake energy regeneration under Swedish conditions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-9118 .- 0306-2619. ; 168, s. 75-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to regenerate energy when braking is a valuable advantage of hybrid and fully electric vehicles. The regeneration potential mainly depends on how a car is driven and on the capacity of the drivetrain. Detailed studies of the regeneration potential based on brake energy in real-world driving are needed to better understand the potential gains of car-electrification, since test cycles do not take individual driving characteristics or route elevation into account. This study uses a model of a normalized vehicle and a highly detailed and representative data set of individual car movements including elevation to analyze the potential for energy regeneration in cars when driven under current real-world Swedish conditions.The ultimate energy regeneration potential (defined as the braking energy at the wheels) varies by about a factor of six among individual movement patterns, with an average of 0.033 kW h/km, corresponding to 27% of the total average energy supplied at the wheels. Earlier studies have shown a higher energy regeneration potential per km for cars driving under urban conditions with low average velocity and many starts and stops. Our results confirm this but also point out that a low average velocity and a high share of city driving are not very well correlated with the yearly energy savings; for this the yearly mileage is a more important indicator. This suggests that drivers who rack up the miles should be targeted as potential early adopters of regenerative technologies rather than city drivers per se. The results from real-world driving are compared to the NEDC and WLTP test cycles.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Böiers, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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A Human IPS Model Implicates Embryonic B-Myeloid Fate Restriction as Developmental Susceptibility to B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Associated ETV6-RUNX1
- 2018
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Ingår i: Developmental Cell. - : Elsevier BV. - 1534-5807 .- 1878-1551. ; 44:3, s. 7-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ETV6-RUNX1 is associated with childhood acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) functioning as a first-hit mutation that initiates a clinically silent pre-leukemia in utero. Because lineage commitment hierarchies differ between embryo and adult, and the impact of oncogenes is cell-context dependent, we hypothesized that the childhood affiliation of ETV6-RUNX1 cALL reflects its origins in a progenitor unique to embryonic life. We characterize the first emerging B cells in first-trimester human embryos, identifying a developmentally restricted CD19−IL-7R+ progenitor compartment, which transitions from a myeloid to lymphoid program during ontogeny. This developmental series is recapitulated in differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), thereby providing a model for the initiation of cALL. Genome-engineered hPSCs expressing ETV6-RUNX1 from the endogenous ETV6 locus show expansion of the CD19−IL-7R+ compartment, show a partial block in B lineage commitment, and produce proB cells with aberrant myeloid gene expression signatures and potential: features (collectively) consistent with a pre-leukemic state. Böiers, Richardson et al. explore the potential for a developmental susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Characterization of earliest B cell progenitors in human fetal liver identified a unique progenitor compartment that can be recapitulated using human pluripotent stem cells to model the impact of the pre-leukemia-initiating oncogene ETV6-RUNX1.
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| 9. |
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Det hotade universitetet
- 2016. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Under de drygt två hundra år som förflutit sedan det moderna forskningsuniversitetet såg dagens ljus i dåtida Preussen har vetenskap bevisligen gjort världen bättre. Fyra k:n – kunskap, kreativitet, kritikoch kollegialitet – har utgjort nyckeln till denna exempellösa framgång. Akademins framsteg har dock inte vilat på den demokratisk-politiska logik som genomsyrar dagens samhälle, utan på en parallell och alldeles egen verklighet där ett fritt sökande upprätthållits genom att forskare drivits av sitt engagemang och sin nyfikenhet. När denna anda får råda inom vetenskapen blir det också bra för samhället i stort. Men i det projektsamhälle som alltmer tar form och där tiden, resultaten och utvärderingen är centrala, framstår akademins och vetenskapens sätt att fungera som provocerande. Liksom stora delar av den offentliga verksamheten lever i dag akademin under trycket av kortsiktig resultatleverans.Hur kunde det bli så, och vad gör vi åt det?Denna problematik är temat för Det hotade universitetet, som är redigerad och författad av engagerade forskare, tidigare universitetsrektorer och ämbetsmän som är förskräckta över en utveckling där djup kunskap, vildsint kreativitet, kritiska samtal och kollegialt ansvar kastas på sophögen. Denna utveckling kan inte, och får inte, fortsätta. Då rycker vi undan mattan för mänskliga framsteg och ett civiliserat samhälle. Det är hög tid att försvara de värden som akademin har stått för sedan lång tid tillbaka – inte för att de är traditionella, utan för att de är det modernaste vi har.
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| 10. |
- Granquist, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Optimization of peak area precision of a GC-MS drug screening method using a nonparametric sign test
- 2019
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Ingår i: Accreditation and Quality Assurance. - : SPRINGER. - 0949-1775 .- 1432-0517. ; 24:3, s. 215-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The optimization of a number ofgas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) parameters in order to improve peak area precision through the application of a nonparametric statistical test (the sign test) is demonstrated. As an example, the drug screening method used at the Swedish National Forensic Centre (NFC) is optimized, but in principle, any GC-MS method could be optimized using this approach. The GC-MS parameters investigated were those often overlooked in the optimization process, namely injection volume, liner type, oven temperature program, final oven temperature, MS scan range and MS scan rate. The influence of these parameters on the precision of the peak area responses of 11 different compounds in a test mixture was evaluated using the sign test for pairwise comparison. This nonparametric test provides probability values which facilitate the ranking of parameters according to their influence on peak area variation as well as providing a measure of their statistical significance. This study presents the resulting optimized method and shows that the decreased total variation depended predominantly on liner type and MS scan rate settings. This work also shows that optimization of analytical methods can be achieved using simple and easily accessible statistical tools.
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