| 1. |
- Åberg, Sebastian, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Subjective Appetite Assessment under Free-Living vs. Controlled Conditions: A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Whole-Grain Rye and Refined Wheat Diets (VASA-Home)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - 2072-6643. ; 15:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Accurate assessment of self-reported appetite under free-living conditions is warranted to conduct large-scale intervention studies measuring appetite at a feasible cost. However, the performance of visual analogue scales (VASs) for this purpose has not been widely examined. Method: This randomized crossover trial was conducted to evaluate VASs in free-living vs. clinic-based settings and to assess appetite response following hypocaloric whole-grain rye and refined wheat diets. Twenty-nine healthy adults with overweight or obesity continuously answered VAS questions about their perceived appetite from morning to evening. Results: No differences in whole-day VAS scores (primary outcome) between clinic-based and free-living settings were observed, whereas measures of total area under the curve (tAUC) showed increased fullness in clinic-based interventions of 7% (p < 0.008) for whole-day responses and 13% (p < 0.03) following a snack. Appetite responses for a whole day did not differ between diets whereas rye-based dinners induced 12% (p < 0.016) higher fullness and reduced hunger by 17% (p < 0.02) irrespective of setting. A reduction in hunger of 15% (p < 0.05) was also observed following rye-based vs. wheat-based lunches. Conclusion: The results suggest that the VAS is valid for evaluation of appetite responses between diets under free-living conditions. No difference in self-reported appetite over the whole day was found after whole-grain rye vs. refined wheat-based diets, but there were some suggested differences at certain postprandial periods, in individuals with overweight or obesity.
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| 2. |
- Bosaeus, Marja, et al.
(författare)
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Body Composition During Pregnancy: Longitudinal Changes and Method Comparisons
- 2020
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Ingår i: Reproductive Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1933-7191 .- 1933-7205. ; :27, s. 1477-1489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Pregnancy Obesity Nutrition and Child Health study is a longitudinal study of reproductive health. Here we analyzed body composition of normal-weight and obese Swedish women by three methods during each trimester of pregnancy. Cross-sectional and longitudinal fat mass estimates using quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (Tanita MC-180MA-III) were compared with fat mass determined by air displacement plethysmography (ADP) in pregnancy weeks 8-12, 24-26, and 35-37 in normal-weight women (n = 122, BMI = 22.1 +/- 1.6 kg/m(2)) and obese women (n = 29, BMI = 34.6 +/- 3.6 kg/m(2)). ADP results were calculated from pregnancy-adjusted fat-free mass densities. Mean fat mass by QMR and ADP were similar in obese women, although with wide limits of agreement. In normal-weight women, QMR overestimated mean fat mass in all trimesters, with systematic overestimation at low fat mass values in trimesters 1 and 3. In obese women, fat mass by BIA was grossly underestimated and imprecise in all trimesters, especially at higher values in trimester 2. In normal-weight women, fat mass by BIA was moderately lower than by ADP in trimester 1, similar in trimester 2, and moderately higher in trimester 3. QMR and ADP assessed fat mass changes similarly in obese women, whereas BIA overestimated fat mass changes in normal-weight women. Mean fat mass and fat mass changes by QMR and pregnancy-adjusted ADP were similar in pregnant obese women. Mean fat mass by QMR and fat mass changes by BIA were higher than corresponding values determined by pregnancy-adjusted ADP in normal-weight women.
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| 3. |
- Hesselink, André, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy Nordic diet and associations with plasma concentrations of metabolites in the choline oxidation pathway: a cross-sectional study from Northern Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1475-2891. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe choline oxidation pathway and metabolites involved have been linked to diseases including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. A healthy Nordic diet is a recently defined dietary pattern associated with decreased risk for these diseases. Our aim was to explore associations between adherence to a healthy Nordic diet and plasma concentrations of metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway.MethodsThe Healthy Nordic Food Index (HNFI) and Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS) were applied to cross-sectional data (n = 969) from the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme in Northern Sweden to score adherence to a healthy Nordic diet. Data included responses to a dietary questionnaire and blood sample analyses (1991-2008). Associations of diet scores with plasma concentrations of metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway and total homocysteine (tHcy), seven metabolites in total, were evaluated with linear regression, adjusting for age, BMI, education and physical activity.ResultsHNFI scores showed linear relationships with plasma choline (beta = 0.11), betaine (beta = 0.46), serine (beta = 0.98) and tHcy (beta = - 0.38), and BSDS scores with betaine (beta = 0.13) and tHcy (beta = - 0.13); unstandardized beta coefficients, all significant at P < 0.05. The regression models predicted changes in plasma metabolite concentrations (+/- 1 SD changes in diet score) in the range of 1-5% for choline, betaine, serine and tHcy. No other statistically significant associations were observed.ConclusionsA healthy Nordic diet was associated with plasma concentrations of several metabolites of the choline oxidation pathway. Although relationships were statistically significant, effect sizes were moderate. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and associations with health outcomes.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Therese, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of dietary choline and betaine with all-cause mortality: a prospective study in a large Swedish cohort
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 63:3, s. 785-796
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Investigate the association between choline and betaine intake and all-cause mortality in a large Swedish cohort. Methods: Women (52,246) and men (50,485) attending the Västerbotten Intervention Programme 1990–2016 were included. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for energy intake, age, BMI, smoking, education, and physical activity were used to estimate mortality risk according to betaine, total choline, phosphatidylcholine, glycerophosphocholine, phosphocholine, sphingomyelin, and free choline intakes [continuous (per 50 mg increase) and in quintiles]. Results: During a median follow-up of 16 years, 3088 and 4214 deaths were registered in women and men, respectively. Total choline intake was not associated with all-cause mortality in women (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06; P = 0.61) or men (HR 1.01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.04; P = 0.54). Betaine intake was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality in women (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91, 0.98; P < 0.01) but not in men. Intake of free choline was negatively associated with risk of all-cause mortality in women (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96, 1.00; P = 0.01). No other associations were found between intake of the different choline compounds and all-cause mortality. In women aged ≥ 55 years, phosphatidylcholine intake was positively associated with all-cause mortality. In men with higher folate intake, total choline intake was positively associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusion: Overall, our results do not support that intake of total choline is associated with all-cause mortality. However, some associations were modified by age and with higher folate intake dependent on sex. Higher intake of betaine was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in women.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Therese, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of the New Nordic Diet compared with usual care on glucose control in gestational diabetes mellitus: Study protocol for the randomized controlled trial intervention with new Nordic DIet in women with GestatiOnal diabetes mellitus (iNDIGO)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contemporary Clinical Trials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1559-2030 .- 1551-7144. ; 115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication associated with short- and long-term health consequences for mother and child. First line treatment is diet and exercise but there is a recognized knowledge gap as to what diet treatment is optimal. A healthy Nordic diet has been associated with improved health but no studies in women with GDM exist. The New Nordic Diet (NND) is an initiative with the purpose to develop a healthy Nordic diet including foods with the potential to grow in Nordic countries; including fruit, berries, vegetables, whole-grain cereal products, nuts, fish, and rapeseed oil. The purpose of the intervention with new Nordic DIet in women with GestatiOnal diabetes mellitus (iNDIGO) is to test if the NND compared with usual care improves glucose control in women with GDM. Methods: The iNDIGO study is a randomized parallel controlled trial where 50 women with GDM will be randomized to either an NND or usual care for 14 days (30–32 weeks of gestation). Participants in the NND group will receive menus and food bags containing foods to be consumed. Primary outcome is glycemic control (time in target) measured using continuous glucose monitoring. Compliance to the dietary intervention will be tested using dietary biomarkers and adherence questionnaires. Conclusion: Diet treatment represents first line treatment in GDM but it remains unclear what type of diets are effective. iNDIGO is an efficacy study and will provide evidence as to whether a healthy Nordic diet can improve glucose control in women with GDM. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration Number: NCT04169243. Registered 19 November 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04169243.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, Therese, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Single and Combined Serum Metabolites Associated with Food Intake
- 2022
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-1989. ; 12:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessment of dietary intake is challenging. Traditional methods suffer from both random and systematic errors; thus objective measures are important complements in monitoring dietary exposure. The study presented here aims to identify serum metabolites associated with reported food intake and to explore whether combinations of metabolites may improve predictive models. Fasting blood samples and a 4-day weighed food diary were collected from healthy Swedish subjects (n = 119) self-defined as having habitual vegan, vegetarian, vegetarian + fish, or omnivore diets. Serum was analyzed for metabolites by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Associations between single and combined metabolites and 39 foods and food groups were explored. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for prediction models. In total, 24 foods or food groups associated with serum metabolites using the criteria of rho > 0.2, p < 0.01 and AUC ≥ 0.7 were identified. For the consumption of soybeans, citrus fruits and marmalade, nuts and almonds, green tea, red meat, poultry, total fish and shellfish, dairy, fermented dairy, cheese, eggs, and beer the final models included two or more metabolites. Our results indicate that a combination of metabolites improve the possibilities to use metabolites to identify several foods included in the current diet. Combined metabolite models should be confirmed in dose–response intervention studies.
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| 7. |
- Lindell, Ellen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vestibular impairment among older adults with dizziness.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology. - : Wiley. - 2378-8038. ; 6:3, s. 488-495
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aimed to investigate older adults visiting a geriatric institution for a bone density measurement who reported dizziness on a daily or weekly basis (but who are not seeking care for dizziness), according to BPPV, vestibular function, walking abilities, and frequency of falls.Patients coming for a bone density measurement answered questions regarding occurrence of dizziness. Patients having dizziness on a daily or weekly basis were considered eligible for the study and invited for investigation at the Ear, Nose, and Throat clinic at Södra Älvsborg Hospital, Sweden. The patients answered questions about history of dizziness, medications, and comorbidities. They were also investigated for BPPV, vestibular deficits using the video head impulse test (vHIT), walking speed, Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and for perception of verticality and horizontality and Romberg test.A total of 55 patients with dizziness were included. Fifteen (27%) were diagnosed with BPPV. Forty (73%) patients reported falling during the previous year, including 11 with BPPV. Dizziness when turning in bed was more common among patients with BPPV and increased the risk of BPPV 8-fold.BPPV is common among older adults with dizziness, including among those not seeking medical care. It is important to identify older adults with BPPV and treat the condition since BPPV may contribute to falls. Asking about dizziness when turning in bed can help to distinguish patients with increased risk for BPPV and older adults with dizziness should be investigated for BPPV even when typical history is lacking. Level of evidence: 4.
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| 8. |
- Lindell, Ellen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, dizziness, and health-related quality of life among older adults in a population-based setting
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 278:5, s. 1637-1644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Dizziness may affect quality of life in a negative way and contribute to falls. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare 75 years old with dizziness caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to those with general dizziness/impaired balance (non-BPPV related) and to those reporting no dizziness, regarding health-related quality of life (HRQL), falls, tiredness, and walking speed in a population-based setting. Method A cross-sectional population-based sample, including 671 75 years old (398 women, 273 men), was investigated for BPPV, dizziness symptoms, falls, and walking speed. HRQL was assessed using the 36-item Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Result A total of 67 persons (10%) had symptoms of BPPV with 11 (1.6%) having nystagmus when tested for BPPV. Having BPPV as well as general dizziness/impaired balance was associated with reduced HRQL, more tiredness, enhanced number of falls, and lower walking speed. Furthermore, the risk of having BPPV increased fourfold if symptoms of dizziness when turning in bed was reported. Conclusion Having problems with dizziness is common among senior citizens where BPPV can be an unrecognized cause of dizziness that may impact HRQL and overall well-being. As BPPV is common among older adults, and is potentially curable through reposition maneuvers, it is important to liberally test for, and treat the condition. Information about dizziness when turning in bed can help to pinpoint persons with enhanced risk for BPPV also on a population-based level.
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| 9. |
- Lindell, Ellen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Dizziness and health-related quality of life among older adults in an urban population: a cross-sectional study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Dizziness is a common complaint among older adults and may affect quality of life in a negative way. The aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQL), sense of coherence (SOC), self-rated health (SRH) and comorbidity in relation to dizziness, among older persons from an urban population. Methods The study is part of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (H70). A cross-sectional population-based sample including 662 79-years-olds (404 women, 258 men, 62% response rate) were surveyed with questions regarding dizziness, imbalance, comorbidities and general health. HRQL was assessed using the 36-item Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and SOC with the 13-items questionnaire Sense of Coherence (SOC-13). Results Half of the participants reported problems with dizziness (54%). Dizziness was negatively associated with HRQL, including after adjusting for comorbidities, especially in the physical domains of SF-36. Having dizziness was also associated with poorer SRH, tiredness and comorbidity among both men and women. SOC (mean total score), however, did not differ between dizzy and non-dizzy participants. Conclusions Dizziness was negatively associated with HRQL, also after adjusting for comorbidities. Identification and treatment of dizziness, when possible, are important because reduction of dizziness symptoms may potentially help to enhance overall well-being in this age group.
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| 10. |
- Lindell, Ellen, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Dizziness and its association with walking speed and falls efficacy among older men and women in an urban population
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1594-0667 .- 1720-8319. ; 32, s. 1049-1056
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, The Author(s). Background: Dizziness is common among older people and falling is a feared complication. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of dizziness and its association with falls, walking speed and fear of falling, including sex differences, among 79-year-olds. Secondary purposes were to describe the relationship between dizziness and falls to number of medications and diseases. Method: The study consisted of the fifth cohort of Gothenburg’s H70 birth cohort studies. A sample of 662 79-year-olds (404 women, 258 men) were investigated with questions regarding dizziness, previous falls and falls efficacy [estimated according to the falls efficacy scale Swedish version (FES (S))]. Functional tests included self-selected and maximal walking speed over 20m. Results: Dizziness was reported among 51% of the women and by 58% of the men (p = 0.12). Approximately, 40% had fallen during the past 12months (41% women, 38% of the men, p = 0.48). Dizziness was related to a higher risk of falls among women (OR 2.63 (95% CI 1.67−4.14, p < 0.0001), but not among men (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.63−1.82, p = 0.8). Dizzy individuals had lower scores on FES (S) (p < 0.01), more medications (p < 0.001) and diseases (p < 0.001) than those without dizziness. Participants who reported dizziness walked 10% slower than participants without dizziness (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Women with dizziness more often reported falls compared to women without dizziness—a trend that was not seen among men. Persons with dizziness walked slower. Many medications increased risk of falling; hence, number of medications alone might help pinpoint risk groups for falling.
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