| 1. |
- Asai, Ryoko, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Care Robots and Humanity : How Can We Cope with The Indeterminacy and Ambiguity of Robot-Human Relationships?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tethics 2023. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 1-10
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ageing society, labour shortages in the care sector and increasing social security costs havebecome serious social problems in many countries. Sweden and Japan are, of course, noexception in this respect. In order to alleviate this situation, both countries have implementedvarious policies in different social areas, as well as promoting digitalisation and introducingcare robots in the healthcare sector. While older people are generally considered to be reluctantto adapt to new technologies, in both Japan and Sweden, the digital integration of older peopleis higher than in other countries. In the near future, care robots or robotic care would becomemore common in the care sector in both countries. This study examines how people in bothcountries perceive robots and autonomous artefacts and how they construct relationships withthese artefacts, based on the results of two surveys, one conducted in Japan 2020, and anotherin Sweden 2019, and elucidates the relationship between humans and robots from an ethicalperspective. The research findings show that people’s orientation toward the search for theexistential meaning and their complex emotions related to ephemerality and transience canaffect the relationship between humans and robots. Furthermore, this study is a new attempt toincorporate a 'care' perspective into technology ethics.
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| 2. |
- Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis, 1956-
(författare)
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AIと私たち (AI and Us)
- 2021
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Ingår i: 情報倫理入門 (Introduction to Information Ethics). - : Minerva Shobo. - 9784623091256 ; , s. 248-253
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Kavathatzopoulos, Iordanis, 1956-
(författare)
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Artificial intelligence and the sustainability of thinking : How AI may destroy us, or help us
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ethics and Sustainability in Digital Cultures. - London : Routledge. - 9781032434643 - 9781032434667 - 9781003367451 ; , s. 19-30
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to provide answers, products, and services of increasing quality for the satisfaction of our needs. However, AI entails certain risks, some very serious, e.g., the risk of human enslavement or even extinction. In order to handle this ethical and sustainability issue properly, we need to ask questions about what we really want, what is our real goal, and what we really are. Classical philosophy defines us as thinking entities, and the main problem is the issue of how to think in the right way as persons or as groups and societies. Accordingly, the design and use of AI as a tool to support our thinking process may be the right way to take advantage of the possibilities AI offers. However, if we design and use AI as a provider of answers, services, and products, as we currently do, the risk is that an incessantly advanced AI will swiftly replace our thinking and by that undermine our existence.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nakada, Makoto, et al.
(författare)
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Robots and AI Artifacts in Plural Perspective(s) of Japan and the West : The Cultural–Ethical Traditions Behind People’s Views on Robots and AI Artifacts in the Information Era
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Review of Socionetwork Strategies. - : Springer. - 1867-3236 .- 2523-3173. ; 15:1, s. 143-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we examine the meanings of robots and AI artifacts in our societies and cultures, in particular the question: ‘How do Japanese people and Western people understand and interpret the phenomena and problems happening around them such as human–robot interaction, the encounter with AI, especially regarding plurality of meanings and wholeness of life experience in the information era?’ This is a kind of topic of information ethics or IIE (intercultural information ethics) in a broad sense. We focus our attention on world views in the informatized environments by examining the related views and theories as well as our own empirical research. In addition to these points, we will compare Japanese survey data with data from other cultural–social traditions and we will examine how the Japanese ways of seeing matters and their emphasis on the matters in process of awareness can be considered to have potentially universal connotations.
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| 6. |
- Nakada, Makoto, et al.
(författare)
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Truth and reality in the digital lifeworld : Departure from reductionism
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ethics and Sustainability in Digital Cultures. - London : Routledge. - 9781032434643 - 9781032434667 - 9781003367451 ; , s. 72-92
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, we will try to find ways to overcome the so-called techno-determinism which seems to influence our life in the informatized environments. In the first half of this chapter, we will critically examine the generally accepted belief that mathematics is related to reality as a static and fixed form. We will see that mathematics is rather a plural matter including human intention, the procedures to rewrite the relation between the complex functions as the original problem, and the calculated solutions as the potential answers or so. In this sense, the belief about mathematics as a fixed truth is not stable anymore. This suggests the techno-determinism itself is not stable anymore, either. In the last half of this chapter, we will see the work of a kind of horizon enabling us to interpret matters in life not as remnants of mathematical and scientific truths. We will do this by examining our qualitative and quantitative research in Japan, Sweden, and other countries. Our research show that the robots and other technological products will encounter with us on a kind of horizon in our life where things and matters seem to remain in the form of un-differentiated situations or ‘oneness.’
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| 7. |
- Patrignani, Norberto, et al.
(författare)
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Computer ethics and computer professionals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Moving technology ethics at the forefront of society, organisations and governments. - Logroño, Spain : Universidad de La Rioja. - 9788409286713 - 9788409286720 ; , s. 359-365
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the intersection among the two domains: computer ethics (as an academicresearch field) and computer professionals (the professionals that works in real life organizations). The paper focuses around the main question: is the long history of computer ethics finally starting to "makea difference" in the real world of information and communication technologies (ICT) where computer professionals work?
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| 8. |
- Patrignani, Norberto
(författare)
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Teaching Computer Ethics : Steps towards Slow Tech, a Good, Clean, and Fair ICT
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are critically impacting society and the environment. They are now an integral part of the challenges posed by the current Anthropocene era. To help in facing these enormous challenges, the entire ICT supply chain (from design to development, manufacturing, usage, deployment, and disposal) should take into account the three dimensions of social desirability, environmental sustainability, and ethical acceptability. In this thesis these concepts are proposed as a joint requirement for a new approach to ICT and with a more precise focus: a good, clean, and fair ICT. A good ICT is designed with a human-centred approach, a clean ICT is environmentally sustainable and minimizes the impact on the planet, and a fair ICT takes into account the working conditions of people along the entire supply-chain. These characteristics represent a triple condition that in this thesis is called Slow Tech (inspired by the Slow Food movement that uses good, clean, and fair with reference to food).Among the many stakeholders of the ICT world, this thesis concentrates on the engineers, the designers of the complex systems (hardware, software, networks) that are shaping our society: in short, computer professionals. They usually work inside organizations and companies, but their skills, competencies, and professional code of ethics are the sources of fundamental design choices. In particular, this thesis identifies ethics as one of the new competencies needed by the next generation of computer professionals and, strongly related to it, complementing their university education with a subject that, for simplicity, will be referred as "Computer Ethics". Two fundamental questions are: how can this requirement for an ethical competence be fulfilled? How can universities prepare the next generation of computer professionals so that they are "ethically grounded"? This grounding in teaching and training is the main reason for the overall title of this thesis: "Teaching Computer Ethics". The main point of this thesis is that the reflections stimulated by the analysis of the ICT stakeholders' network and the use of the three Slow Tech questions are two important tools for improving the ethical skills and competencies of computer professionals. The methodology and my empirical experience of teaching Computer Ethics at the Politecnico of Torino described in this thesis provides interesting results in this direction.
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| 9. |
- Patrignani, Norberto, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching of technology IS teaching of ethics. But how?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tethics 2021. - Turku : University of Turku.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computer experts, or computer professionals, they know how asystem is made and how it works: it's time to ask how to design it, who will use it, for what purposes? Up to the crucial question: whether to design it (or not). For reaching this awareness they need a strong ethical competence, but how can they reach this competence? Introducing an analysis of the stakeholders'network in computer ethics courses for future designers can be a useful starting point.
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| 10. |
- Patrignani, Norberto, et al.
(författare)
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The need for multiple approaches for ethics in technology education
- 2022
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Ingår i: Effectiveness of ICT ethics. - Turku, Finland : University of Turku. - 9789512989898 ; , s. 8-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need for ethics education in technology curricula is universally recognized. The difficult question is how to deploy this principle into the real universities’ courses. This paper introduces a methodology based on multiple approaches: pneumatophores (computer experts with a high ethical profile), stakeholders’ network (the analysis of the complex relationships among the many stakeholders of a digital complex system) and a psychological awareness (the personal skills needed by responsible designers of digital complex systems). All these approaches are currently used in computer ethics courses with encouraging positive results from students.
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