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- Hegre, Håvard, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Can We Predict Armed Conflict? : How the First 9 Years of Published Forecasts Stand Up to Reality
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Studies Quarterly. - : Oxford University Press. - 0020-8833 .- 1468-2478. ; 65:3, s. 660-668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Can we predict civil war? This article sheds light on this question by evaluating 9 years of, at the time, future predictions made by Hegre et al. (2013) in 2011. We evaluate the ability of this study to predict observed conflicts in the 2010–2018 period, using multiple metrics. We also evaluate the original performance evaluation, i.e., whether the performance measures presented by Hegre et al. hold in this new 9-year window. Overall, we conclude that Hegre et al. were able to produce meaningful and reasonably accurate predictions of armed conflict. Of course, they did not always hit the mark. We find that the model has performed worse in predicting low level incidence of conflict than in predicting major armed conflict. The model also failed to predict some important broader regional shifts. These, however, represent important insights for future research and illustrate the utility in predictive models for both testing and developing theory.
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| 3. |
- Langmann, Edwin
(författare)
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An explicit solution of the (quantum) elliptic Calogero-Sutherland model
- 2005
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Ingår i: SPT 2004. - : WORLD SCIENTIFIC. - 9812560912 ; , s. 159-174
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present explicit formulas for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the elliptic Calogero-Sutherland (eCS) model as formal power series to all orders in the nome of the elliptic functions, for arbitrary values of the (positive) coupling constant and particle number. Our solution gives explicit formulas for an elliptic deformation of the Jack polynomials.
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| 4. |
- Do, Lan, 1985-
(författare)
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New tools for sample preparation and instrumental analysis of dioxins in environmental samples
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), two groups of structurally related chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, are of high concern due to their global distribution and extreme toxicity. Since they occur at very low levels, their analysis is complex, challenging and hence there is a need for efficient, reliable and rapid alternative analytical methods. Developing such methods was the aim of the project this thesis is based upon.During the first years of the project the focus was on the first parts of the analytical chain (extraction and clean-up). A selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) procedure was developed, involving in-cell clean-up to remove bulk co-extracted matrix components from sample extracts. It was further streamlined by employing a modular pressurized liquid extraction (M-PLE) system, which simultaneously extracts, cleans up and isolates planar PCDD/Fs in a single step. Both methods were validated using a wide range of soil, sediment and sludge reference materials. Using dichloromethane/n-heptane (DCM/Hp; 1/1, v/v) as a solvent, results statistically equivalent to or higher than the reference values were obtained, while an alternative, less harmful non-chlorinated solvent mixture - diethyl ether/n-heptane (DEE/Hp; 1/2, v/v) – yielded data equivalent to those values.Later, the focus of the work shifted to the final instrumental analysis. Six gas chromatography (GC) phases were evaluated with respect to their chromatographic separation of not just the 17 most toxic congeners (2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs), but all 136 tetra- to octaCDD/Fs. Three novel ionic liquid columns performed much better than previously tested commercially available columns. Supelco SLB-IL61 offered the best overall performance, successfully resolving 106 out of the 136 compounds, and 16 out of the 17 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs. Another ionic liquid (SLB-IL111) column provided complementary separation. Together, the two columns separated 128 congeners. The work also included characterization of 22 GC columns’ selectivity and solute-stationary phase interactions. The selectivities were mapped using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of all 136 PCDD/F’s retention times on the columns, while the interactions were probed by analyzing both the retention times and the substances’ physicochemical properties.
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| 5. |
- Willekens, Stefanie M. A., et al.
(författare)
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An MR-based brain template and atlas for optical projection tomography and light sheet fluorescence microscopy in neuroscience
- 2024
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-4548 .- 1662-453X. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Optical Projection Tomography (OPT) and light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) are high resolution optical imaging techniques, ideally suited for ex vivo 3D whole mouse brain imaging. Although they exhibit high specificity for their targets, the anatomical detail provided by tissue autofluorescence remains limited.Methods: T1-weighted images were acquired from 19 BABB or DBE cleared brains to create an MR template using serial longitudinal registration. Afterwards, fluorescent OPT and LSFM images were coregistered/normalized to the MR template to create fusion images.Results: Volumetric calculations revealed a significant difference between BABB and DBE cleared brains, leading to develop two optimized templates, with associated tissue priors and brain atlas, for BABB (OCUM) and DBE (iOCUM). By creating fusion images, we identified virus infected brain regions, mapped dopamine transporter and translocator protein expression, and traced innervation from the eye along the optic tract to the thalamus and superior colliculus using cholera toxin B. Fusion images allowed for precise anatomical identification of fluorescent signal in the detailed anatomical context provided by MR.Discussion: The possibility to anatomically map fluorescent signals on magnetic resonance (MR) images, widely used in clinical and preclinical neuroscience, would greatly benefit applications of optical imaging of mouse brain. These specific MR templates for cleared brains enable a broad range of neuroscientific applications integrating 3D optical brain imaging.
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| 6. |
- Fall, Magnus, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Fistel-och divertikelsjukdomar i nedre urinvägarna.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Urologi / Jan-Erik Damber, Ralph Peeker (red.). - 2. uppl.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144075921
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Basnin, Nanziba, et al.
(författare)
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Early Detection of Parkinson’s Disease from Micrographic Static Hand Drawings
- 2021
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Ingår i: Brain Informatics. - Cham : Springer. ; , s. 433-447
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurological illness that occurs by the degeneration of cells in the nervous system. Early symptoms include tremors or involuntary movements of the hands, arms, legs, and jaw. Currently, the only method to diagnose PD involves the observation of its prodromal symptoms. Moreover, detecting handwriting will work as a variable for clinitians to understand PD in patients better. With the advancement of technology, it is possible to build applications that will aid in diagnosing PD without any clinical intervention. The majority suffering from PD have handwriting abnormalities (referred to as micrographia), which is the most reported among earlier signs of the disease. So this research is undertaken by focusing on the implication of micrographia. For this purpose, handwritten images are collected from a group of 136 PD patients and 36 healthy patients. These images form a dataset of 800 images that are used to train a model which will accurately classify PD patients. To achieve this transfer learning is chosen because of its ability to produce accurate results regardless of the limited size of the dataset. Here, different models of transfer learning are trained to figure out the well-fitting model. It was observed that VGG-16 performed adequately with a training accuracy of 90.63% while a testing accuracy of 91.36%.
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| 8. |
- Forsslund, Jonas, 1983-
(författare)
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Preparing Spatial Haptics for Interaction Design
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Spatial haptics is a fascinating technology with which users can explore and modify3D computer graphics objects with the sense of touch, but its application potentialis often misunderstood. For a large group of application designers it is still unknown,and those who are aware of it often have either too high expectations of what is technicallyachievable or believe it is too complicated to consider at all. In addition, spatialhaptics is in its current form ill-suited to interaction design. This is partly because theproperties and use qualities cannot be experienced in an application prototype until asystem is fully implemented, which takes too much effort to be practical in most designsettings. In order to find a good match between a solution and a framing of aproblem, the designer needs to be able to mould/shape/form the technology into a solution,but also to re-frame the problem and question initial conceptual designs as shelearns more about what the technology affords. Both of these activities require a goodunderstanding of the design opportunities of this technology.In this thesis I present a new way of working with spatial haptic interaction design.Studying the serially linked mechanism from a well-known haptic device, and a forcereflectingcarving algorithm in particular, I show how to turn these technologies froman esoteric engineering form into a form ready for interaction design. The work isgrounded in a real application: an oral surgery simulator named Kobra that has beendeveloped over the course of seven years within our research group. Its design hasgone through an evolutionary process with iterative design and hundreds of encounterswith the audience; surgeon-teachers as users and potential customers. Some ideas, e.g.gestalting authentic patient cases, have as a result received increased attention by thedesign team, while other ideas, e.g. automatic assessment, have faded away.Simulation is an idea that leads to ideals of realism; that e.g. simulated instrumentsshould behave as in reality, e.g. a simulated dental instrument for prying teeth is expectedto behave according to the laws of physics and give force and torque feedback.If it does not, it is a bad simulation. In the present work it is shown how some of therealism ideal is unnecessary for creating meaningful learning applications and can actuallyeven be counter-productive, since it may limit the exploration of creative designsolutions. This result is a shift in perspective from working towards constantly improvingtechnological components, to finding and making use of the qualities of modern,but not necessarily absolute cutting-edge, haptic technology.To be able to work creatively with a haptic system as a design resource we needto learn its material qualities and how - through changing essential properties - meaningfulexperiential qualities can be modulated and tuned. This requires novel tools andworkflows that enable designers to explore the creative design space, create interactionsketches and tune the design to cater for the user experience. In essence, this thesisshows how one instance of spatial haptics can be turned from an esoteric technologyinto a design material, and how that can be used, and formed, with novel tools throughthe interaction design of a purposeful product in the domain of dental education.
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