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| 2. |
- Kim, Dae-Kyum, et al.
(författare)
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EVpedia: A Community Web Portal for Extracellular Vesicles Research
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bioinformatics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1367-4803 .- 1367-4811. ; 31:6, s. 933-939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivation: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical bilayered proteolipids, harboring various bioactive molecules. Due to the complexity of the vesicular nomenclatures and components, online searches for EV-related publications and vesicular components are currently challenging. Results: We present an improved version of EVpedia, a public database for EVs research. This community web portal contains a database of publications and vesicular components, identification of orthologous vesicular components, bioinformatic tools and a personalized function. EVpedia includes 6879 publications, 172 080 vesicular components from 263 high-throughput datasets, and has been accessed more than 65 000 times from more than 750 cities. In addition, about 350 members from 73 international research groups have participated in developing EVpedia. This free web-based database might serve as a useful resource to stimulate the emerging field of EV research.
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| 3. |
- Sampson, Joshua N., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of Heritability and Shared Heritability Based on Genome-Wide Association Studies for 13 Cancer Types
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 107:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of related individuals have consistently demonstrated notable familial aggregation of cancer. We aim to estimate the heritability and genetic correlation attributable to the additive effects of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cancer at 13 anatomical sites. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, the US National Cancer Institute has generated data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for 49 492 cancer case patients and 34 131 control patients. We apply novel mixed model methodology (GCTA) to this GWAS data to estimate the heritability of individual cancers, as well as the proportion of heritability attributable to cigarette smoking in smoking-related cancers, and the genetic correlation between pairs of cancers. Results: GWAS heritability was statistically significant at nearly all sites, with the estimates of array-based heritability, h(l)(2), on the liability threshold (LT) scale ranging from 0.05 to 0.38. Estimating the combined heritability of multiple smoking characteristics, we calculate that at least 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 14% to 37%) and 7% (95% CI = 4% to 11%) of the heritability for lung and bladder cancer, respectively, can be attributed to genetic determinants of smoking. Most pairs of cancers studied did not show evidence of strong genetic correlation. We found only four pairs of cancers with marginally statistically significant correlations, specifically kidney and testes (rho = 0.73, SE = 0.28), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and pediatric osteosarcoma (rho = 0.53, SE = 0.21), DLBCL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (rho = 0.51, SE = 0.18), and bladder and lung (rho = 0.35, SE = 0.14). Correlation analysis also indicates that the genetic architecture of lung cancer differs between a smoking population of European ancestry and a nonsmoking Asian population, allowing for the possibility that the genetic etiology for the same disease can vary by population and environmental exposures. Conclusion: Our results provide important insights into the genetic architecture of cancers and suggest new avenues for investigation.
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| 4. |
- Kang, Ji-hyun, et al.
(författare)
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Linear polarisation of Class i methanol masers in massive star formation regions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. - 1743-9213 .- 1743-9221. ; 13:S336, s. 243-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of the linear polarisation observations of methanol masers at 44 and 95 GHz towards 39 massive star forming regions (Kang et al. 2016). These two lines are observed simultaneously with the 21-m Korean VLBI Network (KVN) telescope in single dish mode. About 60% of the observed showed fractional polarisation of a few percents at least at one of the two transition lines. We note that the linear polarisation of the 44 GHz methanol maser is first detected in this study including single dish and interferometer observations. We find the polarisation properties of these two lines are similar as expected, since they trace similar regions. As a follow-up study, we have carried out the VLBI polarisation observations toward some 44 GHz maser targets using the KVN telescope. We present preliminary VLBI polarisation results of G10.34-0.14, which show consistent polarisation properties in multiple epoch observations.
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| 5. |
- Kim, Jun Woo, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional thermal stress analysis of the re-oxidized Ni-YSZ anode functional layer in solid oxide fuel cells
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 752, s. 148-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nickel-yttria-stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) cermet is widely used as an anode material in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs); however, Ni re-oxidation causes critical problems due to volume expansion, which causes high thermal stress. We fabricated a Ni-YSZ anode functional layer (AFL), which is an essential component in high-performance SOFCs, and re-oxidized it to investigate the related three-dimensional (3D) microstructural and thermo-mechanical effects. A 3D model of the re-oxidized AFL was generated using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) tomography. Re-oxidation of the Ni phase caused significant volumetric expansion, which was confirmed via image analysis and calculation of the volume fraction, connectivity, and two-phase boundary density. Finite element analysis (FEA) with simulated heating to 500-900 degrees C confirmed that the thermal stress in re-oxidized Ni-YSZ is concentrated at the boundaries between YSZ and re-oxidized NiO (nickel oxide). NiO is subjected to more stress than YSZ. Stress exceeding the fracture stress of 8 mol% YSZ appears primarily at 800 degrees C or higher. The stress is also more severe near the electrolyte-anode boundary than in the Ni-YSZ cermet and the YSZ regions. This may be responsible for the electrolyte membrane delamination and fracture that are observed during high-temperature operation. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Haridas, Anupriya K., et al.
(författare)
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An Electrospun Core–Shell Nanofiber Web as a High-Performance Cathode for Iron Disulfide-Based Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
- 2018
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 11:20, s. 3625-3630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- FeS2/C core–shell nanofiber webs were synthesized for the first time by a unique synthesis strategy that couples electrospinning and carbon coating of the nanofibers with sucrose. The design of the one-dimensional core–shell morphology was found to be greatly beneficial for accommodating the volume changes encountered during cycling, to induce shorter lithium ion diffusion pathways in the electrode, and to prevent sulfur dissolution during cycling. A high discharge capacity of 545 mAh g−1 was retained after 500 cycles at 1 C, exhibiting excellent stable cycling performance with 98.8 % capacity retention at the last cycle. High specific capacities of 854 mAh g−1, 518 mAh g−1, and 208 mAh g−1 were obtained at 0.1 C, 1 C, and 10 C rates, respectively, demonstrating the exceptional rate capability of this nanofiber web cathode.
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| 7. |
- Kang, Ji-hyun, et al.
(författare)
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Linear Polarization of Class I Methanol Masers in Massive Star-forming Regions
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series. - : American Astronomical Society. - 1538-4365 .- 0067-0049. ; 227:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Class I methanol masers are found to be good tracers of the interaction between outflows from massive young stellar objects with their surrounding media. Although polarization observations of Class II methanol masers have been able to provide information about magnetic fields close to the central (proto)stars, polarization observations of Class I methanol masers are rare, especially at 44 and 95 GHz. We present the results of linear polarization observations of 39 Class I methanol maser sources at 44 and 95 GHz. These two lines are observed simultaneously with one of the 21 m Korean VLBI Network telescopes in single-dish mode. Approximately 60% of the observed sources have fractional polarizations of a few percent in at least one transition. This is the first reported detection of linear polarization of the 44 GHz methanol maser. The two maser transitions show similar polarization properties, indicating that they trace similar magnetic environments, although the fraction of the linear polarization is slightly higher at 95 GHz. We discuss the association between the directions of polarization angles and outflows. We also discuss some targets having different polarization properties at both lines, including DR21(OH) and G82.58+0.20, which show the 90° polarization angle flip at 44 GHz.
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| 8. |
- Lee, Hyun Ju, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-step enzymatic synthesis of 1,9-nonanedioic acid from a renewable fatty acid and its application for the enzymatic production of biopolyesters
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4360. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1,9-Nonanedioic acid is one of the valuable building blocks for producing polyesters and polyamides. Thereby, whole-cell biosynthesis of 1,9-nonanedioic acid from oleic acid has been investigated. A recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum, expressing the alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenases (ChnDE) of Acinetobacter sp. NCIMB 9871, was constructed and used for the production of 1,9-nonanedioic acid from 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, which had been produced from oleic acid. When 9-hydroxynonanoic acid was added to a concentration of 20 mM in the reaction medium, 1,9-nonanedioic acid was produced to 16 mM within 8 h by the recombinant C. glutamicum. The dicarboxylic acid was isolated via crystallization and then used for the production of biopolyester by a lipase. For instance, the polyesterification of 1,9-nonanedioic acid and 1,8-octanediol in diphenyl ether by the immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica led to formation of the polymer product with the number-average molecular weight (Mn) of approximately 21,000. Thereby, this study will contribute to biological synthesis of long chain dicarboxylic acids and their application for the enzymatic production of long chain biopolyesters.
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| 9. |
- Hosseini, Seyed Mehdi, et al.
(författare)
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Lipase-immobilized chitosan-crosslinked magnetic nanoparticle as a biocatalyst for ring opening esterification of itaconic anhydride
- 2019
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Ingår i: Biochemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1369-703X. ; 143, s. 141-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nano-magnetic biocatalyst particles, lipase-immobilized chitosan-crosslinked magnetic nanoparticles (LCMNs) were prepared by a new approach integrated from magnetic nanoparticle preparation, in situ thin layer coating and crosslinking of chitosan, and enzyme immobilization method. Thin layer coating of magnetic (Fe3O4) by crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by reacting FeCl3.6H2O and sodium acetate in ethylene glycol, followed by suspension cross-linking using citric acid on the hydroxyl and amine group of chitosan at neutral pH. The resulting nanoparticles were used to immobilize the lipase from Candida antarctica Lipase B by linking using glutaraldehyde. The particles in each step were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), vibrating-sample magnetometer measurements (VSM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The magnetic biocatalyst, LCMN was found to have high storage stability and reusability due to the tightly crosslinked structure of chitosan and covalent bond immobilization. LCMNs were used for the oligomerization of itaconic anhydride by ring opening esterification, and the results were compared with those from free lipase and commercial immobilized lipase. The molecular mass of the products obtained with the biocatalysts showed similar Mn profiles with 308–381. This process represents a green approach for the preparation of both biobased magnetic biocatalysts and functional oligo-esters, and can be applied for both the immobilization of other enzymes and the utilization of photo-curable functional esters as biobased functional materials.
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| 10. |
- Jelenkovic, Aline, et al.
(författare)
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Zygosity Differences in Height and Body Mass Index of Twins From Infancy to Old Age : A Study of the CODATwins Project
- 2015
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Ingår i: Twin Research and Human Genetics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1832-4274 .- 1839-2628. ; 18:5, s. 557-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A trend toward greater body size in dizygotic (DZ) than in monozygotic (MZ) twins has been suggested by some but not all studies, and this difference may also vary by age. We analyzed zygosity differences in mean values and variances of height and body mass index (BMI) among male and female twins from infancy to old age. Data were derived from an international database of 54 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins), and included 842,951 height and BMI measurements from twins aged 1 to 102 years. The results showed that DZ twins were consistently taller than MZ twins, with differences of up to 2.0 cm in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.9 cm in adulthood. Similarly, a greater mean BMI of up to 0.3 kg/m(2) in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.2 kg/m(2) in adulthood was observed in DZ twins, although the pattern was less consistent. DZ twins presented up to 1.7% greater height and 1.9% greater BMI than MZ twins; these percentage differences were largest in middle and late childhood and decreased with age in both sexes. The variance of height was similar in MZ and DZ twins at most ages. In contrast, the variance of BMI was significantly higher in DZ than in MZ twins, particularly in childhood. In conclusion, DZ twins were generally taller and had greater BMI than MZ twins, but the differences decreased with age in both sexes.
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