| 1. |
- Calderon, Camilo
(författare)
-
Politicising participation : towards a new theoretical approach to participation in the planning and design of public spaces
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The involvement of local communities in public space planning and design processes is widely promoted as an essential element of landscape architecture and urban design practice. Despite this, there has been little theorisation of this topic within these fields. Furthermore, the implementation of ideals and principles commonly found in theory are far from becoming mainstream practice, indicating a significant gap between the theory and practice of participation. This thesis aims to contribute to the development of theories of participation in the planning and design of public spaces. It steps away from the prevailing normative and procedural approach to theory development, and instead adopts a critical approach grounded on the deep understanding of the challenges of participation in the planning and design of public spaces. Case studies of two urban renewal projects, in Medellin, Colombia, and in Barcelona, Spain, and their participatory processes, are used for building up the theoretical contribution. The empirical and theoretical findings foreground the contextual and political nature of participatory processes. Contextual, in the sense that the implementation of ideals and principles found in theory is facilitated or hindered by the social, political and economic context in which a participatory process takes place. Political, in the sense that in complex contexts that comprise a wide range of actors, and where contrasting goals and agendas are at stake, the implementation of these theoretical ideals and principles is significantly challenged by politics involving deep differences, conflicts and power relations. The findings also show that prevailing theories of participation within landscape architecture and urban design do not take into consideration the contextual and political nature of participatory processes. This renders these theories weak in their capacity to respond to the challenges encountered by participatory processes in contemporary public space projects. This is particularly so as the dynamics of increasing pluralisation, muliticultarisation and neoliberalisation of cities create contexts that hinder the implementation of the ideals and principles found in theory, and increase the challenges caused by their political nature. Consequently, this thesis proposes a new theoretical approach to participation in the planning and design of public spaces, that allows context-based distinctions and judgements about the qualities of participatory practices for just decision-making. Difference, conflict and power are central in this approach. This thesis establishes this theoretical departure point and makes a significant contribution towards the development of the proposed theoretical approach.
|
|
| 2. |
- Konovalenko, Alexander, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of Scaling Approach for Prediction of Terminal Spread Thickness of Melt Poured into a Pool of Water
- 2012
-
Ingår i: The 9th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-9), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, September 9-13, 2012.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corium melt stabilization and long term cooling in a pool of water located beneath reactor vessel is adopted in several existing designs of light water reactors (LWRs) as an element in severe accident (SA) mitigation strategy. At certain conditions of melt release into the pool (e.g. large ratio of the vessel breach size to the pool depth), liquid melt can spread under water and reach a coolable configuration. Coolability of the melt is contingent on terminal spread thickness of the melt layer \delta_{sp} which defines decay heat generated per unit area of the melt surface. The thickness of the melt layer is determined by the competition between characteristic time scales of hydrodynamic melt spreading and solidification of the melt. This paper presents a modification of the scaling approach, originally proposed by Dinh et al. (2000) for prediction of the terminal melt spread thickness, to the case when liquid melt jet is poured into a pool of water and allow to spread unrestricted on a horizontal floor of the pool. Modified scaling approach takes into account mass and heat losses during to melt jet interaction with the coolant. The hydrodynamic spreading timescale is described with phenomenological approaches proposed by Huppert and Britter (1982) and Britter (1979). Proposed model is validated against PULiMS experiments (Pouring and Underwater Liquid Melt Spreading Konovalenko et al., 2012). Finally, sensitivity analysis and preliminary assessments of the uncertainties are performed for the PULiMS test conditions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Papadogiannis, Petros, et al.
(författare)
-
Foveal and peripheral visual quality and accommodation with multifocal contact lenses
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Optical Society of America. Journal A. - : Optica Publishing Group. - 1084-7529 .- 1520-8532. ; 39:6, s. B39-B49
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multifocal contact lenses are increasingly popular interventions for controlling myopia. This study presents the short-termeffects of multifocal contact lenses on foveal and peripheral vision. TheMiSight contact lenses designed to inhibit myopia progression and the 1-Day Acuvue Moist contact lenses designed for presbyopia were investigated. The MiSight produced similar foveal results to spectacles despite the increased astigmatism and coma. The MiSight also reduced the low-contrast resolution acuity in the periphery, despite no clear change in relative peripheral refraction. When compared with spectacles, Acuvue Moist decreased accommodative response and reduced foveal high- and low-contrast resolution acuity, whereas peripheral thresholds were more similar to those of spectacles. The most likely treatment property for myopia control by theMiSight is the contrast reduction in the peripheral visual field and the changed accommodation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Riedel, Karolina, 1987
(författare)
-
Recruitment rates in different geographic areas and using different recruitment topics. LORE methodological note 2014:7
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This methodological note analyses recruitment rates from a probability based sample using different postcards in an experimental setting. The results show that geographic proximity to the University of Gothenburg has a positive influence on the recruitment rate as well as living in an urbanized area. Highlighting particular relevant topics to potential respondents and using postcards alluding to the respondents’ geographical environment also seems to increase the recruitment rates. However, not all topical recruitment efforts are beneficial to recruitment rates as the recruitment highlighting the topic of crime achieved a lower recruitment rate than a general recruitment approach.
|
|
