| 1. |
- Klimek, Iwona, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of hydrogen/deuterium ratio with neutron measurements on MAST
- 2014
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 85:11, s. 11E109-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On MAST, compressional Alfven eigenmodes can be destabilized by the presence of a sufficiently large population of energetic particles in the plasma. This dependence was studied in a series of very similar discharges in which increasing amounts of hydrogen were puffed into a deuterium plasma. A simple method to estimate the isotopic ratio n(H)/n(D) using neutron emission measurements is here described. The inferred isotopic ratio ranged from 0.0 to 0.6 and no experimental indication of changes in radial profile of n(H)/n(D) were observed. These findings are confirmed by TRANSP/NUBEAM simulations of the neutron emission.
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| 2. |
- Oliver, H. J. C., et al.
(författare)
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Compressional Alfven and ion-ion hybrid waves in tokamak plasmas with two ion species
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0741-3335 .- 1361-6587. ; 56:12, s. 125017-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compressional Alfven and ion-ion hybrid waves excited by energetic beam ions are studied in plasmas with two ion species. In our experiment, a hydrogen-deuterium (H-D) plasma is used to produce instabilities similar to those likely to be present in the burning deuterium-tritium plasmas of future tokamaks. Modes are suppressed in the deuterium cyclotron frequency range with increasing hydrogen gas puffing. In plasmas with H/D concentrations of 2.57 or higher, short-lived modes with small and predominantly negative toroidal mode numbers are observed at frequencies omega/omega(beta D0) approximate to 2.25, where omega(beta D0) = omega(beta D0)(R-0) is the on-axis deuterium cyclotron frequency. These are the highest mode frequencies yet detected in the ion cyclotron range in a spherical tokamak. Modeling of the transparency regions and plasma resonances using the cold plasma dispersion relation explains the observed features. Mode conversion at ion-ion hybrid resonances and subsequent kinetic damping is believed to be responsible for mode suppression. The high frequency modes are present due to excitation by wave-particle resonances within the transparency region for high hydrogen concentrations. The absence of other wave-particle resonances explains significant features of our experiment. This technique has possible applications in plasma heating, current drive and real-time diagnosis of relative ion concentration in the plasma core.
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| 3. |
- Perez, R. V., et al.
(författare)
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Investigating fusion plasma instabilities in the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak using mega electron volt proton emissions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 85:11, s. 11D701-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proton detector (PD) measures 3 MeV proton yield distributions from deuterium-deuterium fusion reactions within the Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST). The PD's compact four-channel system of collimated and individually oriented silicon detectors probes different regions of the plasma, detecting protons (with gyro radii large enough to be unconfined) leaving the plasma on curved trajectories during neutral beam injection. From first PD data obtained during plasma operation in 2013, proton production rates (up to several hundred kHz and 1 ms time resolution) during sawtooth events were compared to the corresponding MAST neutron camera data. Fitted proton emission profiles in the poloidal plane demonstrate the capabilities of this new system.
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| 4. |
- Weiszflog, Matthias, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual design of a neutron camera for MAST Upgrade
- 2014
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 85:11, s. 11E121-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents two different conceptual designs of neutron cameras for Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) Upgrade. The first one consists of two horizontal cameras, one equatorial and one vertically down-shifted by 65 cm. The second design, viewing the plasma in a poloidal section, also consists of two cameras, one radial and the other one with a diagonal view. Design parameters for the different cameras were selected on the basis of neutron transport calculations and on a set of target measurement requirements taking into account the predicted neutron emissivities in the different MAST Upgrade operating scenarios. Based on a comparison of the cameras' profile resolving power, the horizontal cameras are suggested as the best option.
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