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- Brack, W., et al.
(författare)
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Strengthen the European collaborative environmental research to meet European policy goals for achieving a sustainable, non-toxic environment
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Sciences Europe. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2190-4707 .- 2190-4715. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To meet the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals and the European Union (EU) strategy for a non-toxic environment, water resources and ecosystems management require cost-efficient solutions for prevailing complex contamination and multiple stressor exposures. For the protection of water resources under global change conditions, specific research needs for prediction, monitoring, assessment and abatement of multiple stressors emerge with respect to maintaining human needs, biodiversity, and ecosystem services. Collaborative European research seems an ideal instrument to mobilize the required transdisciplinary scientific support and tackle the large-scale dimension and develop options required for implementation of European policies. Calls for research on minimizing society's chemical footprints in the water-food-energy-security nexus are required. European research should be complemented with targeted national scientific funding to address specific transformation pathways and support the evaluation, demonstration and implementation of novel approaches on regional scales. The foreseeable pressure developments due to demographic, economic and climate changes require solution-oriented thinking, focusing on the assessment of sustainable abatement options and transformation pathways rather than on status evaluation. Stakeholder involvement is a key success factor in collaborative projects as it allows capturing added value, to address other levels of complexity, and find smarter solutions by synthesizing scientific evidence, integrating governance issues, and addressing transition pathways. This increases the chances of closing the value chain by implementing novel solutions. For the water quality topic, the interacting European collaborative projects SOLUTIONS, MARS and GLOBAQUA and the NORMAN network provide best practice examples for successful applied collaborative research including multi-stakeholder involvement. They provided innovative conceptual, modelling and instrumental options for future monitoring and management of chemical mixtures and multiple stressors in European water resources. Advancement of EU water framework directive-related policies has therefore become an option. Bt Aachen Biol, Aachen, Germany.
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- Wabo, H., et al.
(författare)
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Constraining the chronology of the mashishing dykes from the eastern kaapvaal craton in South Africa
- 2019
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Ingår i: Springer Geology. - Singapore : Springer Singapore. - 2197-9545 .- 2197-9553. ; , s. 215-261
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on NNE-trending dykes (sites LDA to LDJ) that occur near Mashishing in the eastern Kaapvaal craton. The Mashishing dykes were previously considered to be coeval and regarded as the extension of the 1.875–1.835Â Ga Black Hills dyke swarm into the sedimentary rocks of the Pretoria Group. Thin sections exhibit well-preserved igneous textures, with primary minerals (e.g., hornblende, clinopyroxene, plagioclase) extensively altered to secondary minerals in most cases. Our dykes can be petrographically grouped as pyroxenite (LDB and LDC), dolerite (LDH) and diorite (remainder of samples). REE and multi-element profiles of pyroxenites and two of the diorites (LDI and LDJ) suggest a common origin of the four dykes, but show no similarity with known mafic units of the Kaapvaal craton. An age estimate between 2208 and 2276Â Ma for dyke LDB, obtained from two overlapping amphibole 40Ar/39Ar plateau results, indicates that these four dykes predates the ~2.05Â Ga Bushveld event. The six remaining dykes have similar chemistry to either the ~2.06Â Ga Dullstroom Lavas (LDG), the 1.875–1.835Â Ga Black Hills dyke swarm (LDH) or the ~1.11Â Ga Umkondo dolerites (LDA, LDD, LDE and LDF). An U–Pb baddeleyite date of 1867 ± 10Â Ma for dyke LDH confirms it as a member of the Black Hills dyke swarm. Demagnetization of eighty-three specimens reveals five stable magnetizations carried by titanomagnetite. Two of these are regarded as magnetic overprints while three magnetizations are likely representative of primary remanences. The corresponding virtual geomagnetic poles (Lat.−26.84°N, Long. 31.66°E; Lat. 26.07°N, Long. 11.01°E, and Lat. 55.84°N, Long. 65.02°E) resemble those from the ~2.23Â Ga Hekpoort Formation, the ~1.88–1.83Â Ga post-Waterberg intrusions, and the ~1.11Â Ga Umkondo dolerites respectively. The above results suggest that the Mashishing dykes, despite similar trends, constitute swarms of different generations.
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- Wabo, H., et al.
(författare)
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New U–Pb age and paleomagnetic constraints from the Uitkomst Complex, South Africa : clues to the timing of intrusion
- 2016
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Ingår i: GFF. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-5897 .- 2000-0863. ; 138:1, s. 152-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Uitkomst Complex is considered to be coeval with, and genetically linked to the Rustenburg Layered Suite (RLS) of the Bushveld Large Igneous Province. This study reports new paleomagnetic, geochemical and geochronological results from the Uitkomst Complex and a crosscutting dyke at the Nkomati Mine. Primary magnetisations for the complex and the dyke are statistically indistinguishable. This, together with the geochemical signature of the dyke, suggests a late-magmatic link with the Uitkomst Complex. A Virtual Geomagnetic Pole calculated for the complex at Longitude 28.7°N and Latitude 58.5°E (dp = 6.2; dm = 9.4; N = 3) differs from the 1900 Ma and younger-aged poles for the Kaapvaal Craton. It, however, shares similarities with the poles from the 2058 to 2054 Ma RLS and other ~2.0 Ga paleopoles for the Kaapvaal Craton. Moreover, a new U–Pb baddeleyite age of 2054 ± 7 Ma given by a coarse-grained gabbroic sample from Nkomati’s underground mine provides a minimum age constraint on the crystallisation of the Uitkomst Complex. This date is nominally older than the 207Pb/206Pb zircon age of 2044 ± 8 Ma previously reported for this complex, and also near identical to the new age of 2054.89 ± 0.37 Ma from the Critical Zone of the RLS. Here, it is suggested that the Uitkomst Complex was emplaced at the same time as, if not before the Critical Zone. Data presented here have bearings on the location of the Uitkomst Complex in the time frame model recently proposed for the Bushveld magmatism.
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