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- Bilenberg, B, et al.
(author)
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Topas-based lab-on-a-chip microsystems fabricated by thermal nanoimprint lithography
- 2005
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In: Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B. - : American Vacuum Society. - 1520-8567. ; 23:6, s. 2944-2949
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We, present a one-step technology for fabrication of Topas-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) microsysterris by the use of thermal nanoimprint lithography (NIL). The technology is demonstrated by the fabrication of two working devices: a particle separator and a LOC with integrated optics for absorbance measurements. These applications demonstrate the fabrication of millimeter to micrometer-sized structures in one lithographic step. The use of NIL makes the technology easily scalable into the nanometer regime by the use of a suitable lithographic technique in the fabrication of the stamp. Processing issues such as environmental stress cracking of the Topas and the requirements to anti-sticking layers on the stamp when imprinting into Topas are discussed.
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- Dunn, Casey W, et al.
(author)
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Broad phylogenomic sampling improves resolution of the animal tree of life.
- 2008
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 452:7188, s. 745-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Long-held ideas regarding the evolutionary relationships among animals have recently been upended by sometimes controversial hypotheses based largely on insights from molecular data. These new hypotheses include a clade of moulting animals (Ecdysozoa) and the close relationship of the lophophorates to molluscs and annelids (Lophotrochozoa). Many relationships remain disputed, including those that are required to polarize key features of character evolution, and support for deep nodes is often low. Phylogenomic approaches, which use data from many genes, have shown promise for resolving deep animal relationships, but are hindered by a lack of data from many important groups. Here we report a total of 39.9 Mb of expressed sequence tags from 29 animals belonging to 21 phyla, including 11 phyla previously lacking genomic or expressed-sequence-tag data. Analysed in combination with existing sequences, our data reinforce several previously identified clades that split deeply in the animal tree (including Protostomia, Ecdysozoa and Lophotrochozoa), unambiguously resolve multiple long-standing issues for which there was strong conflicting support in earlier studies with less data (such as velvet worms rather than tardigrades as the sister group of arthropods), and provide molecular support for the monophyly of molluscs, a group long recognized by morphologists. In addition, we find strong support for several new hypotheses. These include a clade that unites annelids (including sipunculans and echiurans) with nemerteans, phoronids and brachiopods, molluscs as sister to that assemblage, and the placement of ctenophores as the earliest diverging extant multicellular animals. A single origin of spiral cleavage (with subsequent losses) is inferred from well-supported nodes. Many relationships between a stable subset of taxa find strong support, and a diminishing number of lineages remain recalcitrant to placement on the tree.
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- Willems, Wim, et al.
(author)
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Meiofauna of the Koster-area, results from a workshop at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences (Tjärnö, Sweden)
- 2009
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In: Meiofauna Marina. - : Pfeil. - 1611-7557. ; 17, s. 1-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During a two-week workshop held at the Sven Lovén Centre for Marine Sciences on Tjärnö, an island on the Swedish west-coast, meiofauna was studied in a large variety of habitats using a wide range of sampling tech- niques. Almost 100 samples coming from littoral beaches, rock pools and different types of sublittoral sand- and mudflats yielded a total of 430 species, a conservative estimate. The main focus was on acoels, proseriate and rhabdocoel flatworms, rotifers, nematodes, gastrotrichs, copepods and some smaller taxa, like nemertodermatids, gnathostomulids, cycliophorans, dorvilleid polychaetes, priapulids, kinorhynchs, tardigrades and some other flatworms. As this is a preliminary report, some species still have to be positively identified and/or described, as 157 species were new for the Swedish fauna and 27 are possibly new to science. Each taxon is discussed separately and accompanied by a detailed species list.
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