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- Bobak, M, et al.
(författare)
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Life span and disability : a cross sectional comparison of Russian and Swedish community based data
- 2004
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Ingår i: The BMJ. - : BMJ. - 1756-1833. ; 329:7469, s. 767-770
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To compare levels of disability (in terms of physical function and self rated health) among middle aged and elderly people in Russia and Sweden, a country with high life expectancy. Design Cross sectional study. Setting General population of the Russian Federation and of two counties in southern Sweden. Participants Randomly selected men and women in Sweden (n = 9489) and Russia (n = 1599). Main outcome measures Official life table data, self rated health and physical functioning (subscale of the SF-36). Results The official life table data showed large differences in mortality-for example, 36% of Russian men aged 45-49 years would survive the next 25 years compared with 75% of Swedish men. The survey data showed, for both sexes, similar levels of self rated health and physical functioning in the two countries up to the age of about 45 years, but after that, the age related decline in both outcomes was much faster in Russia than in Sweden. By combining the national life tables with survey data on physical functioning we estimated that in the age group 45-49 years, 99% of Russian and 97% of Swedish men would be free of disability, of these, if these data were for a cohort, only 17% of Russians would be alive and free of disability 25 years later compared with 65% of Swedes. The difference in survival was similar in women. Conclusions Large differences exist in survival without disability between elderly Russians and Swedes. The short life span in Russia reflects high levels of ill health and disability and is associated with a rapid age related decline in physical functioning.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Elwing, B, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative study of food intake between Lithuanian and Swedish middle-aged men : The LiVicordia study
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning. - 1102-6480 .- 1651-2359. ; 45:3, s. 126-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Background: In 1994, the mortality in coronary heart disease was four times higher among Lithuanian middle-aged men than among Swedish men. Over the period 1993-1995, the LiVicordia study investigated possible causes for this difference. We have earlier reported lower serum levels of cholesterol and higher susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for oxidation among Lithuanian men. Objective: In this part of the study, the aim was to compare mean estimates of food intake. Design: Cross-sectional study of random samples of 50-year-old men from each of the cities of Link÷ping, Sweden and Vilnius, Lithuania (n=150). The volunteers were interviewed about their food intake with the 24-hour recall method. Results: We found no differences in total energy intake, but Vilnius men had a higher energy intake from fat. Vilnius men consumed more fat from meat and less vegetable fat, while fat intake from dairy products was almost the same. Also, Vilnius men had a higher intake of vegetables, while Link÷ping men had a higher intake of fruit and berries. Conclusion: The observed differences in food consumption and dietary composition are partly consistent with the higher CHD mortality among Lithuanian men. However, data on biomarkers indicate that other dietary and lifestyle factors play a role.
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| 5. |
- Zieden, B, et al.
(författare)
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Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may account for higher low-density lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility in Lithuanian compared to Swedish men
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 62:4, s. 307-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Mortality in coronary heart disease among middle-aged men is four times higher in Lithuania than in Sweden. Traditional risk factors cannot account for this difference. We earlier reported that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in Lithuanian men showed a lower resistance to oxidation, measured as LDL lag time during copper oxidation, than that in Swedish men. Serum concentrations of several fat-soluble antioxidant vitamins were lower among Lithuanian men. The aim of this study was to investigate whether differences in LDL fatty acid composition could account for the difference in LDL oxidation susceptibility between men in the two countries. Methods: This cross-sectional study included randomly selected healthy 50-year-old men from Vilnius, Lithuania (n = 50) and Link÷ping, Sweden (n = 50). Main outcome measures were fatty acids in LDL, phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol ester (CE) fractions of LDL and LDL oxidation susceptibility. Results: The mean proportions of PL 20:5n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA) were higher in Vilnius men (2.09▒1.05 vs. 1.53▒0.58%, p = 0.004). LDL lag time was shorter in Vilnius men, mean▒SD (75.4▒13.6 vs. 89.5▒13.1 mins, p<0.0001) than in Link÷ping men. Mean serum ?-tocopherol was lower in Vilnius men (0.07▒0.05 vs. 0.12▒0.04 ╡g/mmol, p<0.0001) but a-tocopherol did not differ. In a multiple regression analysis controlled for city, high PL-EPA, low a-tocopherol, and high plasma triglycerides significantly contributed to a short LDL lag time, r2 = 0.53. Conclusions: Fat quality, i.e. poly unsaturated fatty acids especially LDL-EPA, plasma triglycerides and antioxidative vitamins may partly account for the increased LDL oxidation susceptibility found in Vilnius men compared with Link÷ping men.
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