| 1. |
- Hull, A, et al.
(författare)
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Vapour-liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures. 1. Ethanol-1-butanol, ethanol + octane, 1-butanol + octane
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data. - 0021-9568 .- 1520-5134. ; 51, s. 1996-2001
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The activity coefficients of the binary mixtures ethanol + 1-butanol, ethanol + octane, and 1-butanol + octane were determined at temperatures of (308.15, 313.15, and 318.15) K. The determination of the vapor phase composition at equilibrium was carried out using headspace gas chromatography analysis. Multiple headspace extraction was used to calibrate the headspace gas chromatograph. Comparison of the phase diagrams produced using standard Legendre orthogonal polynomial techniques with phase diagrams from the literature showed good agreement. The composition of the azeotropes were reported, where applicable.
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| 2. |
- Hull, A, et al.
(författare)
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Vapour-liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures. 2. Ethanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 1-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and ethanol + o-xylene
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data. - 0021-9568 .- 1520-5134. ; 51, s. 2002-2008
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The activity coefficients of the binary mixtures ethanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 1-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, and ethanol + o-xylene were determined at temperatures of (308.15, 313.15, and 318.15) K. The determination of the vapor phase composition at equilibrium was carried out using headspace gas chromatography analysis. Multiple headspace extraction was used to calibrate the headspace gas chromatograph. Comparison of the experimental phase diagrams with phase diagrams from the literature shows good agreement. The composition of the azeotropes are reported, where they exist. The molar Gibbs energy of mixing is reported for all mixtures studied. The infinite dilution activity coefficients are reported for all components of all mixtures. Some thermodynamic models (those of Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Flory-Scatchard) have been compared with regard to their suitability for modeling the experimental data.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Cockburn, A., et al.
(författare)
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Hard lessons : Effort-inducing interfaces benefit spatial learning
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interface designers normally strive for a design that minimises the user's effort. However, when the design's objective is to train users to interact with interfaces that are highly dependent on spatial properties (e.g. keypad layout or gesture shapes) we contend that designers should consider explicitly increasing the mental effort of interaction. To test the hypothesis that effort aids spatial memory, we designed a "frost-brushing" interface that forces the user to mentally retrieve spatial information, or to physically brush away the frost to obtain visual guidance. We report results from two experiments using virtual keypad interfaces - the first concerns spatial location learning of buttons on the keypad, and the second concerns both location and trajectory learning of gesture shape. The results support our hypothesis, showing that the frost-brushing design improved spatial learning. The participants' subjective responses emphasised the connections between effort, engagement, boredom, frustration, and enjoyment, suggesting that effort requires careful parameterisation to maximise its effectiveness. Copyright 2007 ACM.
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| 5. |
- Echeverri, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Service Encounter Analysis Based on Customer Retrospection
- 2007
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Ingår i: Involving Customers in New Service Development, Edvardsson, B., Gustafsson, A., Kristensson, P., Magnusson, P., Matthing, J., (Eds.), Imperial Collage Press. - : Imperial Collage Press.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hull, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium of Binary Mixtures. Part II; ethanol+2,2,4-trimethyl pentane, 1-butanol+2,2,4-trimethyl pentane, ethanol+o-xylene
- 2006
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Ingår i: J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2006, 51, 2002-2008.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Kwak, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Interferon-gamma alters electrical activity and clock gene expression in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of biological rhythms. - : SAGE Publications. - 0748-7304 .- 1552-4531. ; 23:2, s. 150-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proinflammatory cytokine interferon (IFN-γ) is an immunomodulatory molecule released by immune cells. It was originally described as an antiviral agent but can also affect functions in the nervous system including circadian activity of the principal mammalian circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus. IFN-γ and the synergistically acting cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α acutely decrease spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic activity and alter spiking activity in tissue preparations of the SCN. Because IFN-γ can be released chronically during infections, the authors studied the long-term effects of IFN-γ on SCN neurons by treating dispersed rat SCN cultures with IFN-γ over a 4-week period. They analyzed the effect of the treatment on the spontaneous spiking pattern and rhythmic expression of the “clock gene,” Period 1. They found that cytokine-treated cells exhibited a lower average spiking frequency and displayed a more irregular firing pattern when compared with controls. Furthermore, long-term treatment with IFN-γ in cultures obtained from a transgenic Per1-luciferase rat significantly reduced the Per1-luc rhythm amplitude in individual SCN neurons. These results show that IFN-γ can alter the electrical properties and circadian clock gene expression in SCN neurons. The authors hypothesize that IFN-γ can modulate circadian output, which may be associated with sleep and rhythm disturbances observed in certain infections and in aging.
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