| 1. |
- Alhamdow, Ayman, et al.
(författare)
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Low-level exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with reduced lung function among Swedish young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been linked to adverse pulmonary effects. However, the impact of low-level environmental PAH exposure on lung function in early adulthood remains uncertain. Objectives: To evaluate the associations between urinary PAH metabolites and lung function parameters in young adults. Methods: Urinary metabolites of pyrene, phenanthrene, and fluorene were analysed in 1000 young adults from Sweden (age 22–25 years) using LC-MS/MS. Lung function and eosinophilic airway inflammation were measured by spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO), respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between PAH metabolites and the outcomes. Results: Median urinary concentrations of 1-OH-pyrene, ∑OH-phenanthrene, and ∑OH-fluorene were 0.066, 0.36, 0.22 μg/L, respectively. We found inverse associations of ∑OH-phenanthrene and ∑OH-fluorene with FEV1 and FVC, as well as between 1-OH-pyrene and FEV1/FVC ratio (adjusted P < 0.05; all participants). An increase of 1% in ∑OH-fluorene was associated with a decrease of 73 mL in FEV1 and 59 mL in FVC. In addition, ∑OH-phenanthrene concentrations were, in a dose-response manner, inversely associated with FEV1 (B from −109 to −48 compared with the lowest quartile of ∑OH-phenanthrene; p trend 0.004) and FVC (B from −159 to −102 compared with lowest quartile; p-trend <0.001). Similar dose-response associations were also observed between ∑OH-fluorene and FEV1 and FVC, as well as between 1-OH-pyrene and FEV1/FVC (p-trend <0.05). There was no association between PAH exposure and FeNO, nor was there an interaction with smoking, sex, or asthma. Conclusion: Low-level PAH exposure was, in a dose-response manner, associated with reduced lung function in young adults. Our findings have public health implications due to i) the widespread occurrence of PAHs in the environment and ii) the clinical relevance of lung function in predicting all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality.
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| 2. |
- Bager, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and early-life risk factors for tree nut sensitization and allergy in young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 51:11, s. 1429-1437
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Tree nut allergy may cause anaphylaxis. There are limited population-based studies on prevalence and early-life risk factors. Methods We evaluated the prevalence of reported symptoms and allergic sensitization to tree nuts at age 24 years in the BAMSE population-based cohort study and assessed early-life factors associated with the development of tree nut allergy. We estimated tree nut allergy prevalence, by analysing questionnaire data on tree nut ingestion and symptoms at age 12, 16 and 24 years, and IgE sensitization at age 24 years to hazelnut, walnut, pecan, cashew, pistachio, Brazil nut, almond extracts and allergen molecules Cor a 1, 9, 14 (hazelnut), Jug r 1 (walnut) and Ana o 3 (cashew). We evaluated eczema, asthma, food allergies, inherited risk of allergy and gender as potential early-life risk factors. Results Data were available for 2215/4089 (54%) BAMSE study participants, for estimation of the prevalence of tree nut sensitization (21.2%), tree nut allergy symptoms (9.8%) and combined sensitization and symptoms (7.9%, 2.1% for storage protein sensitization and symptoms, 4.3% for any sensitization and non-mild symptoms). Sixty-three per cent of sensitized individuals (295/470) were asymptomatic, but only 76/470 (16%) storage protein sensitized individuals. Egg allergy (ORadj 8.50 95% CI 2.15-33.6), eczema (ORadj 2.53 95% CI 1.21-5.32) and asthma (ORadj 5.59 95% CI 2.35-13.3)) at pre-school age were associated with future development of tree nut symptoms and storage protein sensitization. At age 24 years, tree nut allergy was associated with current eczema and with markers of current asthma severity. Sensitization to storage proteins was more strongly associated with symptoms than sensitization to whole extract for all tree nuts evaluated. Conclusions In this Swedish cohort, we found tree nut whole extract sensitization is common but usually asymptomatic. Storage protein sensitization is a more reliable indicator of tree nut symptoms. Tree nut allergy is associated with early onset, persistent and severe atopic disease.
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| 3. |
- Berghammer, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of anxiety in relation to COVID-19 on the life-situation of young people in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : SPRINGER. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 30:SUPPL 1, s. S4-S4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: In general, COVID-19 symptoms are milder in children than inadults, but the experience of the pandemic could increase anxiety andsignificantly affect the life situation of children and adolescents. Itcould also lead to a long-term negative effect on their health. To studyhow the corona pandemic affected the life situation of children andadolescents in Sweden. Methods: A self-reported online survey wasperformed July–November 2020. Cross-sectional data were collectedusing non-probability and convenience sampling methods. The sample consisted of children 6–14 years and their guardians, and adolescents 15–19 years. The questionnaire covered items regarding the life situation including demographics, school situation, social isolation, and an open-ended question to provide a subjective expression of the living situation. A standardized measurement of anxiety was collected using the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) (scores range 4–12) and the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)(scores range 0–10). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics andwith qualitative manifest content analysis. Results: In total, 1487 participants, 768 children with guardians and 719 adolescents participated. Most of the participants, 754 children (97.2%) and 634 adolescents (89.2%) attended school where a mixture of physical attendance and distance learning was reported by 79 children (10.2%)and 261 adolescents (36.7%). Two children (0.3%) and 298 adolescents (41.9%) reported only having distance learning. A larger proportion of children (n = 339, 43.9%) and adolescents (n = 420,59.2%) reported abstaining from leisure activities, while a minority ofchildren (n = 103, 13%) and adolescent (n = 135, 19%) reportedexperiencing a feeling of ‘social isolation’. These experiences ofchanges in daily routine were prominent in the qualitative result. Social restrictions and loss of contact with older relatives led to fear and anxiety. However, for young children, their lives continued torevolve around the everyday things in life rather than the coronapandemic, for the adolescents; however, their life situation was negatively affected by isolation from peer groups and the loss ofschool routine. Conclusion: The experiences by children due toCOVID-19 in Sweden highlight the importance that children continue living their lives as unchanged as possible and that particularly adolescents need receiving greater support with the maintenance of an educational routine.
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| 4. |
- Björkander, Sophia, et al.
(författare)
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SARS-CoV-2-specific B- and T-cell immunity in a population-based study of young Swedish adults
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 149:1, s. 65-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Young adults are now considered major spreaders of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. Although most young individuals experience mild to moderate disease, there are concerns of long-term adverse health effects. The impact of COVID-19 disease and to which extent population-level immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exists in young adults remain unclear.Objective: We conducted a population-based study on humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and explored COVID-19 disease characteristics in young adults.Methods: We invited participants from the Swedish BAMSE (Barn [Children], Allergy Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) birth cohort (age 24-27 years) to take part in a COVID-19 followup. From 980 participants (October 2020 to June 2021), we here present data on SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG titers measured by ELISA and on symptoms and epidemiologic factors associated with seropositivity. Further, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B-and T-cell responses were detected for a subpopulation (n 5 108) by ELISpot and FluoroSpot.Results: A total of 28.4% of subjects were seropositive, of whom 18.4% were IgM single positive. One in 7 seropositive subjects was asymptomatic. Seropositivity was associated with use of public transport, but not with sex, asthma, rhinitis, IgE sensitization, smoking, or body mass index. In a subset of representative samples, 20.7% and 35.0% had detectable SARSCoV-2 specific B-and T-cell responses, respectively. B-and T-cell memory responses were clearly associated with seropositivity, but T-cell responses were also detected in 17.2% of seronegative subjects.Conclusions: Assessment of IgM and T-cell responses may improve population-based estimations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The pronounced surge of both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections among young adults indicates that the large-scale vaccination campaign should be continued. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022;149:65-75.)
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| 5. |
- Bousquet, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 76:1, s. 168-190
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.
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| 6. |
- Ekström, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFAs in childhood and adolescence in relation to asthma and lung function up to adulthood
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 115:3, s. 886-896
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: PUFAs may influence the risk of asthma; however, long-term prospective studies including objective biomarkers of PUFA intake are lacking.Objectives The objective was to investigate the role of dietary intake and plasma concentrations of n–3 and n–6 (ω-3 and ω-6) PUFAs in childhood and adolescence for the development of asthma and lung function up to young adulthood.Methods: The study included participants from the Swedish prospective birth cohort BAMSE. Dietary intake of PUFAs was calculated from FFQs (n = 1992) and plasma proportions of PUFAs were measured in phospholipids (n = 831). We analyzed the n–3 PUFA α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n–3); the sum of very-long-chain (VLC) n–3 PUFAs: EPA (20:5n–3), DHA (22:6n–3), and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n–3); and the n–6 PUFAs linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n–6) and arachidonic acid (AA; 20:4n–6). Asthma was assessed by questionnaires at 8, 16, and 24 y and lung function was measured by spirometry at 24 y.Results: A high (≥median) self-reported dietary intake of LA at 8 y and AA at 16 y was associated with increased risk of prevalent asthma at 24 y (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.82 and OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.70, respectively). In contrast, plasma proportions of ALA, ∑VLC n–3 PUFAs, and AA at 8 y, as well as LA at 16 y, were inversely associated with prevalent asthma at 24 y (e.g., OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.81 for ∑VLC n–3 PUFAs). No consistent associations were observed with lung function.Conclusions: High dietary intake of certain n–6 PUFAs in childhood or adolescence may be associated with increased risk of asthma up to young adulthood, whereas dietary biomarkers of certain n–3 and n–6 PUFAs in plasma may be associated with decreased risk. Thus, the role of diet compared with altered metabolism of PUFAs needs further investigation to improve dietary preventive strategies for asthma.
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| 7. |
- Forsner, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Mitt i informationsflödet om Covid 19 pandemin, en internationell webbenkätstudie till föräldrar och barn 7-12 år
- 2020
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Ingår i: State of Art- Covid 2019, Nationell digital konferens, Svenska läkarsällskpet.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Tidigt under våren 2020 drabbades Sverige av Covid 19 pandemin. Med pandemin följe en infodemi. Barn skolåldern och deras förälder hamnade mitt i detta informationsflöde. Syfte: Att undersöka hur barn får och tolkar information om Covid 19 pandemin. Metod: Anonymiserad webbenkät. 2 enkäter til barn, respektive föräldrar. Översatt till respektive språk. Deltagare 390 barn, 7-12 är (Sv 50) och 1234 föräldrar ( Sv 235). Insamling april – 1 juni ( Sv 22 maj-1 juni). Initierat av Lucy Bray med team, Edge Hills universitet Storbritannien. Omvårdnad forskare från Sverige, Kanada , Australien, Brasilien och Spanien. Resultat: Majoriteten av barn från andra länderna fick information från föräldrarna. Svaren från de svenska barnen speglade myndighetens rekommendationer. Utomhus skildrades som en positiv plats för de svenska barnen. Teckningar från Sverige visade i stor utsträckning munskydd på både människor och djur. Slutsats: De sveks barnen var medvetna om att coronaviruset kunde vara farligt, vikten av att hålla avstånd och tvätta händerna och skydda de äldre. Svaren från Sverige skiljde sig från de andra länderna med att skolan var främsta och önskade informationskällan. Utomhusaktiviteter uppskattades som önskvärt.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Kere, Maura, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring proteomic plasma biomarkers in eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 53:2, s. 186-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Few biomarkers identify eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma beyond cell concentrations in blood or sputum. Finding novel biomarkers for asthma endotypes could give insight about disease mechanisms and guide tailored treatment. Our aim was to investigate clinical characteristics and inflammation-related plasma proteins in relation to blood eosinophil and neutrophil concentrations in subjects with and without asthma.METHODS: We included 24-26-year-old subjects (n = 2063) from the Swedish population-based cohort BAMSE. Subjects with asthma (n = 239) and without asthma (n = 1824) were subdivided based on blood eosinophil and neutrophil concentrations (cut-offs 0.3 × 109 /L and 5.0 × 109 /L, respectively). We measured the levels of 92 plasma proteins using Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation Panel Assay. Group statistics tests were used to analyse the data, as well as adjusted multiple logistic regression models.RESULTS: Among subjects with asthma, 21.8% had eosinophilic asthma and 20.5% neutrophilic asthma. Eosinophilic asthma, but not neutrophilic asthma, was associated with a distinct clinical phenotype with, for example, higher proportions of eczema and sensitization. Most plasma proteins that associated with high eosinophil and/or neutrophil blood concentrations in subjects with asthma showed similar associations in subjects without asthma. However, out of these proteins, MMP10 levels were associated with eosinophilic asthma and were significantly higher as compared to controls with high eosinophilic concentration, while CCL4 levels associated with high neutrophil concentration only in subjects with asthma.CONCLUSIONS: Eosinophilic asthma was associated with a clear clinical phenotype. With our definitions, we identified MMP10 as a possible plasma biomarker for eosinophilic asthma and CCL4 was linked to neutrophilic asthma. These proteins should be evaluated further in clinical settings and using sputum granulocytes to define the asthma endotypes.
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| 10. |
- Klevebro, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-related plasma protein levels and association with adiposity measurements in young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity-related inflammation is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to demonstrate associations between adiposity measurements and levels of inflammation-related plasma proteins in a population of young adults. Subjects from a population-based birth cohort with a mean age of 22.5 years were included in the study population (n=2074). Protein levels were analyzed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel. Percentage body fat (%BF) and visceral fat rating (VFR) measurements were collected using Tanita MC 780 body composition monitor. Linear regression of standardized values was used to investigate associations. Potential effect modifications by sex and BMI category were assessed. Of 71 investigated proteins, 54 were significantly associated with all adiposity measurements [%BF, body mass index (BMI), VFR and waist circumference]. Among proteins associated with %BF, seven showed a larger or unique association in overweight/obese subjects and three showed a significant effect modification by sex. Fourteen proteins more strongly associated with VFR in females compared to males. Adipose-associated systemic inflammation was observed in this young adult population. Sex and adiposity localization influenced some of the associations. Our results highlight specific proteins as suitable biomarkers related to adiposity.
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