| 1. |
- Arouca, Aline B, et al.
(författare)
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Interplay between the Mediterranean diet and C-reactive protein genetic polymorphisms towards inflammation in adolescents
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 39:6, s. 1919-1926
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: From a nutrigenetics perspective, we aim to investigate the moderating role of the Mediterranean diet and each of its subgroups in the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphisms and CRP blood concentration in adolescents.METHODS: In 562 adolescents (13-17 y) of the European HELENA study, data was available on circulating CRP levels as inflammatory biomarker, three CRP gene SNPs (rs3093068, rs1204, rs1130864), food intake determined by a self-administered computerized 24 h-dietary recall for 2 days, and body composition. A 9-point Mediterranean diet score and each food subgroup were tested as moderator via SNP*diet interaction. Analyzes were adjusted for age, sex, puberty, adiposity and socioeconomic status.RESULTS: The minor allele frequencies of rs3093068 and rs1130864 SNPs (GG and TT, respectively) were associated with higher CRP concentrations, while rs1205 (CT/TT) was associated with lower CRP concentrations. There were significant interactions between rs3093068 and Mediterranean diet (B = -0.1139, p = 0.011), or the fish food subgroup (B = -0.0090, p = 0.022), so that those with the highest genetic CRP risk underwent the highest CRP attenuation by a healthier diet. Although the effect of diet and SNP was substantial, the explained variance by interaction was only 1%.CONCLUSION: Greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and particularly its fish component was associated with a lower CRP blood concentrations especially in those at highest genetic risk due to the rs3093068 SNP.
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| 2. |
- Giménez-Legarre, Natalia, et al.
(författare)
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Breakfast consumption and its relationship with diet quality and adherence to Mediterranean diet in European adolescents : the HELENA study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Springer Nature. - 0954-3007 .- 1476-5640. ; 76:12, s. 1690-1696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the current study is to analyze the associations between breakfast consumption and adherence to diet quality index (DQI) and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) in European adolescents.Methods: A multinational cross-sectional study was carried out in 1804 adolescents aged 12.5–17.5 years. The Food Choices and Preferences questionnaire was used to ascertain breakfast consumption (consumers, occasional consumers and skippers), and two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls were used to estimate the total daily intake and to calculate the subsequent DQI and MDS. Mixed linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between breakfast consumption and DQI-A and MDS. Age, maternal education, BMI, country and total energy intake were included as covariates.Results: In both sexes, significant differences were observed among the breakfast consumption categories. In both boys and girls, breakfast consumers had significantly higher DQI indices than those adolescents who skipped breakfast regularly (p < 0.001). Regarding total MDS, in both boys and girls, breakfast consumers had a higher total MDS than breakfast skippers (p < 0.001), however, no associations were shown between occasional breakfast consumers and DQI indices and MDS.Conclusion: Breakfast consumption has been linked with better dietary quality scores compared with those children who usually skip breakfast. Promotion of regular breakfast consumption in adolescents could be an effective strategy to improve the overall diet quality.
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| 3. |
- Moradell, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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Are physical activity and sedentary screen time levels associated with food consumption in european adolescents? the HELENA study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Nutrition Association. - : American Nutrition Association. - 2769-707X .- 2769-7061. ; 42:1, s. 55-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the current main public health problems is the prevalence of obesity in children. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as poor dietary habits, high sedentary screen time (SST), and low levels of physical activity (PA) have a strong tendency to track from childhood into adulthood. The aim of this manuscript is to assess the association between meeting or not meeting the PA and SST recommendations and the consumption of different food groups.Data were obtained from a sample of European adolescents from the multicenter cross-sectional HELENA study. In all, 1448 adolescents from 8 cities were included. PA was objectively measured by accelerometry and dietary intake by 24-hour dietary records. Adolescents were grouped according to PA and SST recommendations.In both sexes, intake of savory snacks was higher in those groups who did not meet any of the recommendations (p < 0.05). For males, those who met both recommendations were more likely to drink/eat milk, yogurt, and water (p < 0.05). Those not meeting recommendations were more likely to drink sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.05). For females, those not meeting recommendations were less likely to eat fruits and vegetables and more likely to have a higher intake of fats and oils (p < 0.05).Those adolescents meeting PA and SST recommendations had a higher intake of healthy foods, like fruit and vegetables and dairy products. However, the negative relationship unhealthier food and SST is stronger in males independently of PA. More studies assessing the combined effect of both PA and SST regarding dietary habits in children and adolescents are needed.
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| 4. |
- Santaliestra-Pasías, Alba M., et al.
(författare)
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Social environment and food and beverage intake in European adolescents : the Helena study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Nutrition Association. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2769-707X .- 2769-7061. ; 41:5, s. 468-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The family environment influences food consumption and behaviours, which impact adolescent's eating habits, diet and health. Young individuals who frequently eat family meals are less likely to develop risk- and behaviour-related outcomes as obesity.AIM: To assess the relationship between the family meal environment and food and macronutrient consumption in European adolescents.METHODS: 1,703 adolescents aged 12.5-17.5 years (46.5% male) from the European HELENA cross-sectional study were selected. Sociodemographic variables and dietary intake using two non-consecutive self-reported 24-hour dietary recalls were collected from all the included participants. The relationship between family meals' environment and food and macronutrient consumption was analized using analysis of covariance.RESULTS: Adolescents who used to take their main meals with their family were associated with high consumption of healthy foods and beverages (i.e. vegetables, fruit, milk, water) and low consumption of energy dense food and beverages as chocolate, savoury snacks, sugar or juices compared with those who used to eat alone, with friends or other people (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The company/people with whom adolescents consume their meal have an important influence on the adolescent's consumption of different types of food (especially at lunch). Family's environment during meals has been associated with a high consumption of healthy foods.
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| 5. |
- Wisnuwardani, Ratih W., et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' dietary polyphenol intake in relation to serum total antioxidant capacity : the HELENA study.
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0963-7486 .- 1465-3478. ; 73:1, s. 71-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the association between intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 749 European adolescents (53% girls; 15% overweight; 12.5-17.5 years-old) from the cross-sectional HELENA study of 2006-2007. Dietary polyphenol intake was calculated from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. Multilevel linear models examined the associations between dietary polyphenols and TAC. Polyphenol intake was rather low (median = 321mg/day; p25 = 158; p75 = 536) and TAC was comparable to other literature findings (median = 1.57 mmol/L; p25 = 1.45; p75 = 1.74). Total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and the top 10 compounds were not associated with TAC in a linear, quadratic or cubic way in partially or fully confounder-adjusted models. A direct anti-oxidative effect of dietary polyphenol intake was not observed in European adolescents. Polyphenol biomarkers and additional antioxidant measures are needed in future prospective studies to confirm these results.
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| 6. |
- Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita, et al.
(författare)
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Polyphenol intake and metabolic syndrome risk in European adolescents : the HELENA study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 59, s. 801-812
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The role of polyphenol intake during adolescence to prevent metabolic syndrome (MetS) is little explored. This study aimed to evaluate the association between intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes and the 10 most consumed individual polyphenols with MetS risk in European adolescents.Methods: Of the cross-sectional HELENA study, 657 adolescents (54% girls; 14.8% overweight; 12.5–17.5 year) had a fasting blood sample and polyphenol intake data from two non-consecutive 24-h recalls matched with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined via the pediatric American Heart Association definition. Multilevel linear regressions examined the associations of polyphenol quartiles with MetS components, while logistic regression examined the associations with MetS risk.Results: After adjusting for all potential confounders (socio-demographics and nine nutrients), total polyphenol intake, polyphenol classes and individual polyphenols were not associated with MetS risk. From all MetS components, only BMI z-score was modestly inversely associated with total polyphenol intake. Further sub analyses on polyphenol classes revealed that flavonoid intake was significantly associated with higher diastolic blood pressure and lower BMI, and phenolic acid intake was associated with higher low-density cholesterol. For individual polyphenols, the above BMI findings were often confirmed (not independent from dietary intake) and a few associations were found with insulin resistance.Conclusion: Higher intakes of total polyphenols and flavonoids were inversely associated with BMI. No consistent associations were found for other MetS components.
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| 7. |
- Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita, et al.
(författare)
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Total Polyphenol Intake Is Inversely Associated with a Pro/Anti-Inflammatory Biomarker Ratio in European Adolescents of the HELENA Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutrition. - : Oxford University Press. - 0022-3166 .- 1541-6100. ; 150:6, s. 1610-1618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although high dietary polyphenol intake is negatively associated with risk of certain inflammation-associated chronic diseases, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood and few studies have explored this in adolescents.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the association between intakes of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and the 10 most commonly consumed individual polyphenols with inflammatory biomarkers in the blood of European adolescents.METHODS: In the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study, 526 adolescents (54% girls; 12.5-17.5 y) had data on inflammatory biomarkers and polyphenol intake from 2 nonconsecutive 24-h recalls via matching with the Phenol-Explorer database. Inflammatory biomarkers in serum were IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), TNF-α, IFN-γ, soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), white blood cells, lymphocytes, T cells, and C-reactive protein. Multilevel linear models were used to test associations of polyphenol intake with a pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio [(zTNF-α + zIL-6 + zIL-1)/3/zIL-10] as well as with separate inflammatory biomarkers, adjusted for sociodemographic variables, diet inflammation index, BMI z score, and serum triglycerides.RESULTS: The pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio was linearly inversely associated with the intake of total polyphenols (β = -0.11, P = 0.040). When other inflammation biomarkers were considered, the serum IL-10 concentration was inversely associated with total polyphenol (β = -0.12, P = 0.017) and flavonoid (β = -0.12, P = 0.013) intakes, findings that were inconsistent with the biomarker ratio results. However, the anti-inflammatory capacity of polyphenols was confirmed by positive associations of IL-4 with phenolic acid (β = 0.09 P = 0.049) and stilbene (β = 0.13, P = 0.019) intakes and the negative association of IL-1, IL-2, and IFN-γ with lignan intake (β = -0.10, P = 0.034; β = -0.09, P = 0.049; β = -0.11, P = 0.023).CONCLUSIONS: The negative relation with the overall pro/anti-inflammatory biomarker ratio suggests a potential anti-inflammatory role of high polyphenol intakes among European adolescents. Nevertheless, associations are dependent on polyphenol type and the inflammatory biomarker measured.
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