| 1. |
- Kwiatkowski, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Determining Curie temperature of (Ga,Mn)As samples based on electrical transport measurements: Low Curie temperature case.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 108:24, s. 1-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we show that the widely accepted method of the determination of Curie temperature (Tc) in (Ga,Mn)As samples, based on the position of the peak in the temperature derivative of the resistivity, completely fails in the case of non-metallic and low-TC unannealed samples. In this case, we propose an alternative method, also based on electric transport measurements, which exploits temperature dependence of the second derivative of the resistivity upon magnetic field.
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| 2. |
- Yen, Amy Ming-Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Initiators and promoters for the occurrence of screen-detected breast cancer and the progression to clinically-detected interval breast cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Epidemiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0917-5040 .- 1349-9092. ; 27:3, s. 98-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The risk factors responsible for breast cancer have been well documented, but the roles of risk factors as initiators, causing the occurrence of screen-detected breast cancer, or promoters, responsible for the progression of the screen-detected to the clinically-detected breast cancer, have been scarcely evaluated.Methods: We used data from women in a cohort in Kopparberg (Dalarna), Sweden between 1977 and 2010. Conventional risk factors, breast density, and tumor-specific biomarkers are superimposed to the temporal course of the natural history of the disease.Results: The results show that older age at first full-term pregnancy, dense breast, and a family history of breast cancer increased the risk of entering the preclinical screen-detectable phase of breast cancer by 23%, 41%, and 89%, respectively. Overweight/obesity (body mass index >= 25 kg/m(2)) was a significant initiator (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.33), but was inversely associated with the role of promoter (aRR 0.65; 95% CI, 0.51-0.82). Dense breast (aRR 1.46; 95% CI, 1.12 -1.91), triple-negative (aRR 2.07; 95% CI, 1.37-3.15), and Ki-67 positivity (aRR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19-2.30) were statistically significant promoters. When the molecular biomarkers were considered collectively as one classification, the basal-like subtype was the most influential subtype on promoters (aRR 4.24; 95% CI, 2.56-7.02) compared with the Luminal A subtype.Discussion: We ascertained state-dependent covariates of initiators and promoters to classify the risk of the two-step progression of breast cancer. The results of the current study are useful for individually-tailored screening and personalized clinical surveillance of patients with breast cancer that was detected at an early stage.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Boppart, Timo, et al.
(författare)
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Under which conditions does religion affect educational outcomes?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Explorations in economic history. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4983 .- 1090-2457. ; 50:2, s. 242-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines under which conditions religious denomination affects public spending on schooling and educational performance. We employ a unique data set which covers, inter alia, information on numerous measures of public school inputs in 169 Swiss districts for the years 1871/72, 1881/82 and 1894/95, marks from pedagogical examinations of conscripts (1875-1903), and results from political referenda to capture conservative or progressive values. Although Catholic districts show on average significantly lower educational performance and spend less on primary schooling than Protestant districts, Catholicism is harmful only in a conservative milieu. We also exploit information on absenteeism of pupils from school to separate provision of schooling from use of schooling.
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| 6. |
- Karampour, Mazyar, et al.
(författare)
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Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Integrated CO2 Trans-critical System in Supermarkets : A Field Measurements and Modelling Analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: International journal of refrigeration. - : Elsevier. - 0140-7007 .- 1879-2081. ; 82, s. 470-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates energy efficiency of an integrated CO2 trans-critical booster system installed in a supermarket in Sweden. The supermarket has applied several features to improve energy efficiency including space and tap water heating, air conditioning (AC), and parallel compression. Using field measurements data, the system performance is evaluated in a warm and a cold month. Furthermore, this integrated energy system concept is modelled and compared with stand-alone HFC-based energy systems. The results show that the system provides the entire AC demands and recovers a great share of the available heat, both with high COP values. The comparative analysis shows that integrated CO2 system uses about 11% less electricity than stand-alone HFC solutions for refrigeration (i.e. indirect HFC), heating and AC in North of Europe.Energy efficiency analysis of the integrated CO2 system proves that this system is an environmentally friendly all-in-one energy efficient solution suitable for cold climate supermarkets.
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| 7. |
- Karampour, Mazyar, et al.
(författare)
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Field Measurements and Performance Evaluation of CO2 Supermarket Refrigeration Systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2nd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings. - 9782913149977
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies field measurements and performance analysis of eight supermarkets in Sweden amongwhich five supermarkets use CO2 and three use HFC as the refrigerant. The differences in system design arediscussed and detailed performance evaluation of one of the systems is presented. The performances of allthe supermarkets are compared and the reasons for higher or lower energy efficiency are discussed. Somekey components of CO2 systems are evaluated, as well.According to the results, the older CO2 systems have lower COP than the reference systems. High vapourfraction in low temperature cabinets inlet, relatively high amount of internal and external superheating and10-15% lower overall efficiency of low temperature compressors compared to the other systems are some ofthe main reasons for this lower COP. But, the newer CO2 systems proved to have higher efficiency, or atleast, as energy-efficient as the conventional systems. This originates from the modification in the systemdesign and more efficient components. System design modification includes two-stage expansion by receiverand flash gas by-pass. The newer CO2 components have higher efficiency; medium temperature levelcompressors have 5-10% higher overall efficiency compared to HFC and older CO2 compressors and thecabinets run with lower superheating so the system can be controlled to run at higher evaporationtemperatures.This study shows that CO2 systems have comparable COP to advanced conventional systems applied in Sweden.
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| 8. |
- Karampour, Mazyar, et al.
(författare)
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Geothermal Storage Integration into a Supermarket’s CO2 Refrigeration System
- 2019
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Ingår i: International journal of refrigeration. - : Elsevier. - 0140-7007 .- 1879-2081. ; 106, s. 492-505
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the integration of geothermal storage into state-of-the-art CO2 trans-critical boostersystems. The objective is to evaluate the impact of this integration on energy efficiency. Three scenarios of integration are studied including stand-alone and integrated supermarket building systems. The results show that for a stand-alone average size supermarket, heat recovery from the CO2 system should be prioritized over a separate ground source heat pump. Extracting heat from the ground by an extra evaporator in the CO2 system has also little impact on this supermarket annual energy use. However, in the case of supermarket integration with a neighbouring building where the supermarket provides heat to the neighbour, geothermal storage integration can reduce the total annual running cost of the two non-integrated buildings by 20-30% with a payback time of less than 3.5 years. The results also show there is no need for a separate ground source heat pump.
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| 9. |
- Kwiatkowski, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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Galvanomagnetic methods of Curie temperature determination in (Ga,Mn)As
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0304-8853 .- 1873-4766. ; 467, s. 120-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We critically discuss various experimental methods to determine Curie temperature T-C of (Ga,Mn)As thin layers or other conducing magnetic materials by means of electric charge transport measurements. They all base on the influence of sample magnetization on the magnetoresistivity tensor <(rho)overcap>and are an alternative to the method based upon an analysis of the temperature derivative of the sample resistance (Novak a al., 2008). These methods can be applied even when standard SQUID magnetometers are difficult or impossible to use - for example for extremely small samples or in the case of experiments performed at very specific physical conditions, e.g. at high hydrostatic pressure inside the clamp cell. We show that the use of the so called Arrott plot prepared with the use of high magnetic field isotherms rho(xx)(H-0), rho(x)y(H-0) (H-0 - external magnetic field) may lead to substantial (of the order of 10 K) divergence of the obtained T-c values depending on the assumptions which are necessary to make in this case and depending on the direction of a magnetic anisotropy easy axis. We also propose a number of ways how to obtain, basing on low magnetic field isotherms rho(xx)(H-0), rho(xy)(H-0) clear and characteristic features which are closely related to the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic phase transition.
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| 10. |
- Nishikawa, Saori, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of parental rearing on adolescent self-concept and mental health in Japan
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Child and Family Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1062-1024 .- 1573-2843. ; 19:1, s. 57-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the associations between perceived parental rearing, attachment style, self-concept, and mental health problems among Japanese adolescents. About 193 high school students (143 boys and 50 girls, mean = 16.4) completed a set of self-report questionnaires including EMBU-C (My Memories of Child Upbringing for Children), AQC (Attachment Questionnaire for Children), SDQII-S (Self-Description Questionnaire II-Short) and YSR (Youth Self-Report). There seems to be a unique influence on mental health problems from parent–adolescent relations depending on the gender of parents and adolescents. PLS (Partial Latent Squares Regression) analysis showed that insecure attachments (Avoidant and Ambivalent) and Rejection from parents were predictors of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems among boys, while all dysfunctional parenting (Rejection, Overprotection and Anxious Rearing) were determinants of these problems among girls. Non academic self-concept (social, emotional, and physical) was a predictor of Internalizing and Externalizing Problems. Power of the prediction of these problems was greater for girls than boys.
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