| 1. |
- Bai, Xiangning, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic Insights Into Clinical Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains: A 15-Year Period Survey in Jonkoping, Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-302X. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important foodborne pathogens that can cause human infections ranging from asymptomatic carriage to bloody diarrhea (BD) and fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). However, the molecular mechanism of STEC pathogenesis is not entirely known. Here, we demonstrated a large scale of molecular epidemiology and in-depth genomic study of clinical STEC isolates utilizing clinical and epidemiological data collected in Region Jonkoping County, Sweden, over a 15-year period. Out of 184 STEC isolates recovered from distinct patients, 55 were from patients with BD, and 129 were from individuals with non-bloody stools (NBS). Five individuals developed HUS. Adults were more associated with BD. Serotypes O157:H7, O26:H11, O103:H2, O121:H19, and O104:H4 were more often associated with BD. The presence of Shiga toxin-encoding gene subtypes stx(2a), stx(2a) + stx(2c), and stx(1a) + stx(2c) was associated with BD, while stx(1)(a) was associated with milder disease. Multiplex virulence and accessory genes were correlated with BD; these genes encode toxins, adhesion, autotransporters, invasion, and secretion system. A number of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, such as aminoglycoside, aminocoumarin, macrolide, and fluoroquinolone resistance genes, were prevalent among clinical STEC isolates. Whole-genome phylogeny revealed that O157 and non-O157 STEC isolates evolved from distinct lineages with a few exceptions. Isolates from BD showed more tendency to cluster closely. In conclusion, this study unravels molecular trait of clinical STEC strains and identifies genetic factors associated with severe clinical outcomes, which could contribute to management of STEC infections and disease progression if confirmed by further functional validation.
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| 2. |
- Dahl, Martin, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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A 2,000-Year Record of Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) : Colonization Shows Substantial Gains in Blue Carbon Storage and Nutrient Retention
- 2024
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Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 38:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assessing historical environmental conditions linked to habitat colonization is important for understanding long-term resilience and improving conservation and restoration efforts. Such information is lacking for the seagrass Zostera marina, an important foundation species across cold-temperate coastal areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we reconstructed environmental conditions during the last 14,000 years from sediment cores in two eelgrass (Z. marina) meadows along the Swedish west coast, with the main aims to identify the time frame of seagrass colonization and describe subsequent biogeochemical changes following establishment. Based on vegetation proxies (lipid biomarkers), eelgrass colonization occurred about 2,000 years ago after geomorphological changes that resulted in a shallow, sheltered environment favoring seagrass growth. Seagrass establishment led to up to 20- and 24-fold increases in sedimentary carbon and nitrogen accumulation rates, respectively. This demonstrates the capacity of seagrasses as efficient ecosystem engineers and their role in global change mitigation and adaptation through CO2 removal, and nutrient and sediment retention. By combining regional climate projections and landscape models, we assessed potential climate change effects on seagrass growth, productivity and distribution until 2100. These predictions showed that seagrass meadows are mostly at risk from increased sedimentation and hydrodynamic changes, while the impact from sea level rise alone might be of less importance in the studied area. This study showcases the positive feedback between seagrass colonization and environmental conditions, which holds promise for successful conservation and restoration efforts aimed at supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the provision of several other crucial ecosystem services. © 2024. The Authors.
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| 3. |
- Davoudi, Sara
(författare)
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What happened with the leviathan of the Public Sector? : The challenges of vertical coordination in regional public organizations and its effect on public value
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Putting the capability to satisfy citizens’ needs at the heart of public organizations, public value has been argued to be the ultimate goal of public sector programs and policies. However, the contemporary public sector’s complex and multilevel structures has led to limited information processing between the various levels within organizations. Such vertical fragmentation has created issues in vertical coordination, hampering the efficiency and effectiveness of the regional public sector. Addressing these issues, the aim of this thesis is twofold. First, this thesis aims to describe and explain public organizations’ coordination challenges. Second, this thesis aims to elaborate on the implications of this explanation to create a deeper understanding of how these challenges affect public organizations’ ability to perform public service that adds to public value. In order to reach the aim, quantitative and qualitative methods have been used. The empirical base consists of two questionnaire studies (930 public transport users in the first and 921 in the second), as well as a comprehensive interview and documentation study with 11 respondents representing 11 Regional Public Transport Authorities and their respective policy documents. In this thesis, I argue that vertical specialization has brought conditions where each level interprets the regulations and policy documents based on their own individual preconditions such as individual ideologies and self-interests, as well as attitudes and relationships between different divisions. As such, these preconditions influence the outcome of rules and regulations that were created with the purpose of reforming the public sector. Further, the thesis outlines how the same individual precondition may act as a structural filter on the flow of information about citizens’ needs, influencing the distribution of information upstream in the organization. If we neglect these conditions and focus only on the rules and regulations, we risk missing aspects that influence the organization and its coordination outcome and, in turn, the citizen.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Helmersson, Sara, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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De ensamkommandes ensamhet : Unga migranters röster om exkludering och förutsättningar för integration i två norrländska landsbygdskommuner
- 2023
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Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 30:3, s. 681-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to deepen our understanding of integration and exclusion of unaccompanied minors, by using a phenomenological, affective framework on their experiences and feelings. The article is based on qualitative interviews with 36 young people who came to two northern rural municipalities in Sweden without guardians during 2015. The interview situation raised questions about our research position, which is reflected upon in an autobiographical note. The study shows that various forms of loneliness and feelings of exclusion are a consistent theme in the young people's life stories. The loneliness often appears as situational and connected to the migration experience and the initial reception in the recipient country. The interviews also contain voices of great loss, but also concern, in relation to the family of origin. Sometimes a distrust of the interview situation could be discerned, where the young people's lives made a strong impression, and loneliness was embodied. The results open for questioning a medicalization of social and existential needs, but also of the problematic nature of a traditional researcher role in this context.
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| 6. |
- Helmersson, Sara, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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De ensamkommandes ensamhet – Unga migranters röster om exkludering och förutsättningar för integration i två norrländska landsbygdskommuner
- 2023
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Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - Linköping : Förbundet för forskning i socialt arbete (FORSA). - 1104-1420 .- 2003-5624. ; 30:3, s. 681-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to deepen our understanding of integration and exclusion of unaccompanied minors, by using a phenomenological, affective framework on their experiences and feelings. The article is based on qualitative interviews with 36 young people who came to two northern rural municipalities in Sweden without guardians during 2015. The interview situation raised questions about our research position, which is reflected upon in an autobiographical note. The study shows that various forms of loneliness and feelings of exclusion are a consistent theme in the young people's life stories. The loneliness often appears as situational and connected to the migration experience and the initial reception in the recipient country. The interviews also contain voices of great loss, but also concern, in relation to the family of origin. Sometimes a distrust of the interview situation could be discerned, where the young people's lives made a strong impression, and loneliness was embodied. The results open for questioning a medicalization of social and existential needs, but also of the problematic nature of a traditional researcher role in this context.
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| 7. |
- Kinhult, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Regional variation i användningen av TTF vid glioblastombehandling : [Regional variation in usage of TTF (Optune)]
- 2023
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Läkartidningen Förlag AB. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 120:120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The standard treatment of glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumour, includes radiotherapy combined with temozolomide. Based on a randomised trial, showing five months increased survival, TTF has been introduced in the management of patients with good performance status. Data from the Swedish national quality registry for CNS tumours have been analysed for TTF usage. The results demonstrate that 65 percent of the patients accepted treatment with TTF. More than half of the treated patients interrupted treatment due to low compliance or their own wish. Median treatment time was 164 days, with a range from 0 to 774 days. There was a large variation between different regions in how many patients were offered TTF treatment. A non-significant trend to better survival was seen for the group of TTF-treated patients compared to individually matched controls. In summary, TTF is a new treatment for glioblastoma, with potential to prolong survival also in real world patients. Today, the treatment is not offered equally to all patients, despite national guidelines.
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| 8. |
- Kinhult, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Regional variation i användningen av TTF vid glioblastombehandling
- 2023
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Ingår i: Lakartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The standard treatment of glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumour, includes radiotherapy combined with temozolomide. Based on a randomised trial, showing five months increased survival, TTF has been introduced in the management of patients with good performance status. Data from the Swedish national quality registry for CNS tumours have been analysed for TTF usage. The results demonstrate that 65 percent of the patients accepted treatment with TTF. More than half of the treated patients interrupted treatment due to low compliance or their own wish. Median treatment time was 164 days, with a range from 0 to 774 days. There was a large variation between different regions in how many patients were offered TTF treatment. A non-significant trend to better survival was seen for the group of TTF-treated patients compared to individually matched controls. In summary, TTF is a new treatment for glioblastoma, with potential to prolong survival also in real world patients. Today, the treatment is not offered equally to all patients, despite national guidelines.
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| 9. |
- Kinhult, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Regional variation in usage of TTF (Optune) Regional variation i användningen av TTF vid glioblastombehandling : [Regional variation in usage of TTF (Optune)]
- 2023
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 120
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The standard treatment of glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumour, includes radiotherapy combined with temozolomide. Based on a randomised trial, showing five months increased survival, TTF has been introduced in the management of patients with good performance status. Data from the Swedish national quality registry for CNS tumours have been analysed for TTF usage. The results demonstrate that 65 percent of the patients accepted treatment with TTF. More than half of the treated patients interrupted treatment due to low compliance or their own wish. Median treatment time was 164 days, with a range from 0 to 774 days. There was a large variation between different regions in how many patients were offered TTF treatment. A non-significant trend to better survival was seen for the group of TTF-treated patients compared to individually matched controls. In summary, TTF is a new treatment for glioblastoma, with potential to prolong survival also in real world patients. Today, the treatment is not offered equally to all patients, despite national guidelines.
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| 10. |
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