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- Petruzzo, P., et al.
(författare)
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VCA in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0041-1337. ; 106:4, s. 690-692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Axfors, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
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Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19 : a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2334. ; 21:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatment compared to placebo or no treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19, using data from all available randomized clinical trials, including unpublished and ongoing trials (Open Science Framework, ). Methods: In this collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis, clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), the Cochrane COVID-19 register, the LOVE database, and PubMed were searched until April 8, 2021. Investigators of trials registered by March 1, 2021, without published results were contacted via email. Eligible were ongoing, discontinued and completed randomized clinical trials that compared convalescent plasma with placebo or no treatment in COVID-19 patients, regardless of setting or treatment schedule. Aggregated mortality data were extracted from publications or provided by investigators of unpublished trials and combined using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random effects model. We investigated the contribution of unpublished trials to the overall evidence. Results: A total of 16,477 patients were included in 33 trials (20 unpublished with 3190 patients, 13 published with 13,287 patients). 32 trials enrolled only hospitalized patients (including 3 with only intensive care unit patients). Risk of bias was low for 29/33 trials. Of 8495 patients who received convalescent plasma, 1997 died (23%), and of 7982 control patients, 1952 died (24%). The combined risk ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92; 1.02) with between-study heterogeneity not beyond chance (I-2 = 0%). The RECOVERY trial had 69.8% and the unpublished evidence 25.3% of the weight in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: Convalescent plasma treatment of patients with COVID-19 did not reduce all-cause mortality. These results provide strong evidence that convalescent plasma treatment for patients with COVID-19 should not be used outside of randomized trials. Evidence synthesis from collaborations among trial investigators can inform both evidence generation and evidence application in patient care.
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| 3. |
- Dereke, J., et al.
(författare)
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Structural and immunoendocrine remodeling in gut, pancreas and thymus in weaning rats fed powdered milk diets rich in Maillard reactants
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Western diet is extending worldwide and suspected to be associated with various metabolic diseases. Many food products have skim milk powder added to it and, during processing, lactose reacts with milk proteins and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are formed. Dietary MRPs are suggested risk factors for metabolic dysregulation, but the mechanisms behind are still enigmatic. Here we describe that weaning rats fed diets rich in MRPs are affected in both their immune and endocrine systems. Marked structural changes in pancreas, intestine and thymus are noted already after 1 week of exposure. The pancreatic islets become sparser, the intestinal mucosa is thinner, and thymus displays increased apoptosis and atrophy. Glucagon- like peptide-1 (GLP-1) seems to play a key role in that the number of GLP-1 expressing cells is up-regulated in endocrine pancreas but down-regulated in the intestinal mucosa. Further, intestinal GLP-1-immunoreactive cells are juxta positioned not only to nerve fibres and tuft cells, as previously described, but also to intraepithelial CD3 positive T cells, rendering them a strategic location in metabolic regulation. Our results suggest dietary MRPs to cause metabolic disorders, dysregulation of intestinal GLP-1- immunoreactive cells, arrest in pancreas development and thymus atrophy.
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| 6. |
- Mejaddam, Ala, et al.
(författare)
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Comorbidity and quality of life in obesity–a comparative study with the general population in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Obesity is considered to have a detrimental impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Objective To compare HRQoL in a well-defined group of people with obesity with a population-based control group from the general public. Design Observational cross-sectional cohort study with a reference population. Setting The Regional Obesity Center at the Department of Medicine at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Participants People with obesity (n = 1122) eligible for surgical and non-surgical obesity treatment in routine care were included consecutively between 2015 and 2017 into the BASUN study. Men and women from the WHO-MONICA-GOT project were used as a reference population (n = 414). Main outcome measures HRQoL was measured with the RAND-36/Short Form-36 questionnaire (SF-36) and a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for self-related health (SRH). Prescription drugs for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, depression, and anxiety were taken as a proxy for these conditions. Results People with obesity rated their overall HRQoL lower than the reference population according to the SRH-VAS. Lower scores were reported on physical and social functioning, vitality, general and mental health after adjustment for age and use of prescription drugs (considered a proxy for burden of disease, or comorbidities) using the RAND-36/SF-36 questionnaire. Use of some psychopharmacological agents was more common in patients with obesity. Conclusion People with obesity seeking help with weight reduction are more likely to have lower physical and mental self-reported HRQoL than the general population.
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