| 1. |
- Drugge, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Modelling and simulation of catenary-pantograph interaction
- 1999
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In: Vehicle System Dynamics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0042-3114 .- 1744-5159. ; 33:suppl 1, s. 490-501
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Modelling and simulation of the dynamic behaviour of catenary-pantograph interaction is an important part when assessing the capability of a current collection system for railway traffic. The large variation in infrastructure characteristics in different countries and railway companies, different types of traffic, designs of pantographs etc. makes it almost impossible to develop a final simulation model of such a system. Instead, it would be favourable to have a tool that has the ability to set up models of such systems, choose relevant detail of the models, run simulations and finally visualize the results. To make the tool useful for engineers, design experts as well as simulation experts, the functionality of the tool must be worked out. Aspects on computer simulation such as developed models, simulation methods and computer tools are presented. The aim is to develop a scenario that considers different designs, models, solution methods and user levels. The scenario focuses on how to structure the use of simulation of dynamics in catenary-pantograph development. A scenario is sketched built on different user levels, a modular structure and a structure for information management
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| 2. |
- Drugge, Lars, et al.
(author)
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The nonlinear behaviour of a pantograph current collector suspension
- 1999
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In: Proceedings of the 1999 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conferences.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The pantograph-catenary system is a critical component for trains required to run at higher speeds. The pantograph often includes nonlinear characteristics and the scope of this work is to investigate if nonlinear dynamic phenomena can occur in an existing design. A model of a pantograph suspension subsystem has been developed according to physical parameter values of the head suspension of the Schunk WBL88/X2 pantograph, providing electric power to the Swedish high-speed train X2. Studies of the system response for different force excitation show both harmonic, subharmonic and chaotic behaviour for the investigated parameter regions.
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Annika, 1961-
(author)
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Ekonomisk styrning och organisatorisk passion : ett interaktivt perspektiv
- 1997
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna fallstudie handlar om ekonomisk styrning inom sjukvårdsverksamhet, där verksamheten utgörs av en vårdavdelning och dess personal. Studien fokuserar interaktionen mellan budgeten och de aktiviteter och personer som arbetar på lokal nivå i organisationen. Budgeten kan betraktas som den mekanism vilken dominerar den ekonomiska styrningen på vårdavdelningen.I denna studie ses ekonomisk styrning ur ett interaktivt perspektiv. Med detta menar jag att styrningen måste förstås i ett praktiskt och konkret sammanhag där tekniska och sociala aspekter integreras. Detta görs genom att fyra begrepp lyfter fram specifika kontextuella faktorer vilka är av väsentlig betydelse för förståelsen av den ekonomiska styrningen på vårdavdelningen. Begreppen är professionalism, språk, mätbarhet och etik.Avhandlingen bygger upp en teoretisk referensram kring begreppen styrning och budgetering. Genom att beskriva teorier ur olika perspektiv kan den mångfald som finns i begreppen lyftas fram. Samtidigt är den praktiska verkligheten på vårdavdelningen av stort intresse. Syftet är framförallt att visa den komplexitet som är förknippad med det praktiska användandet av teoretiska modeller, under specifika kontextuella förhållanden. Med detta menar jag bland annt att studien genomförs i en organisation där passionen och ansvarskänslan för arbetsuppgiften, det vill säga omhändertagandet av patienten, i de flesta fall prioriteras framför ekonomiska och administrativa kriterier.För att beskriva det enskilda fallet har tre olika datainsamlingsmetoder använts. Insamling av dokument, deltagande observation och intervju. Genom de olika metoderna beskrivs budgetens roll på avdelningen utifrån det formella perspektivet, observatörens perspektiv samt de intervjuades perspektiv. Genom metodvalet har ett försök till ett holistiskt synsätt gjorts.Studiens slutsatser presenteras i en modell där de organisatoriska krafterna systematisera i kategorierna administrativ, social och individbaserad styrning. Modellen betonar vidare att förståelse för styrning i en organisation uppnås genom förståelse för respektive kategori samt kopplingarna mellan dessa.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Marie
(author)
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Dendritic cells from human blood : Antigen handling and expression of adhesion molecules
- 1996
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Dendritic cells are a system of professional antigen-presenting cells that initiate the immune responses. Dendritic cells are widely distributed in the body, both in nonlymphoid tissues, lymphoid tissues and fluids of the body. Dendritic cells arise from the bone marrow and can be classified into interstitial dendritic cells in nonlymphoid tissues, interdigitating dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue, dendritic cells in blnod and veiled cells in lymphatics. They can exhibit differences in each of these compartments that relate to maturation state and microenvironment.Dendritic cells process and present antigens efficiently in situ and stimulate responses from naive and memory T cells in the paracortical area of secondary lymphoid organs. Properties contributing to the dendritic cells' specialized function are the efficiency in clustering T cells and giving the right signals needed to activate naive and resting T cells. The present work was focused on elucidating some key properties of DC biology. The results show that mature human blood dendritic cells express sialyl Lewis x (CD15s), sialyl Lewis a, CD44 and CD77. Adhesion of mature blnod dendritic cells to activated endothelium (human umbilical cord endothelial cells) involves Eselectin. Immature blnod (cytokine-driven) dendritic cells use FcyRII for uptake of IgG immune complexes. Annexin V is involved in antigen trafficking in the endocytotic pathway of soluble proteins in mature blood dendritic cells. Immature blood dendritic cells (cytokine-driven) have the capacity to handle uptake of both soluble and microbial antigens, via fluid-phase pinocytosis, receptor-mediatedendocytosis and phagocytosis. No productive infection of influenza virus and no exogenous ll..-2 is demanded when dendritic cells are used as antigen-presenting cells. Dendritic cells induce cytotoxic T cells even with attenuated influenza A virus.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Stensson, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Industry demands on vehicle development - methods and tools
- 1999
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In: Vehicle System Dynamics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0042-3114 .- 1744-5159. ; 33:Suppl 1, s. 202-213
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A very important goal of mechatronics in system development is the integration of mechanical, electronic and software subsystems in order to increase functionality, minimize weight, and reduce production costs. In this work, industry demands on methods and tools for mechatronic vehicle development are addressed from the current product development in industry. The development of a mechatronic car door concept and dynamic stability control are used as examples to identify strong and weak parts of the current processes. Railway vehicle development aspects are also discussed. It is shown that a very important aspect for a successful mechatronic design is co-operation in an interdisciplinary design team. In terms of design methodology, the systematic identification of mechatronic potential based on function analysis is a main issue. Computer tools and technology for concept simulation, co-simulation, managing of models with different complexity as well as model exchange are identified as important demands for future effective development of mechatronic vehicles.
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| 8. |
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