| 1. |
- Christersson, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of 2D radiography and a semi-automatic CT-based 3D method for measuring change in dorsal angulation over time in distal radius fractures
- 2016
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Ingår i: Skeletal Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2348 .- 1432-2161. ; 45:6, s. 763-769
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of the present study was to compare the reliability and agreement between a computer tomography-based method (CT) and digitalised 2D radiographs (XR) when measuring change in dorsal angulation over time in distal radius fractures. Materials and methods Radiographs from 33 distal radius fractures treated with external fixation were retrospectively analysed. All fractures had been examined using both XR and CT at six times over 6 months postoperatively. The changes in dorsal angulation between the first reference images and the following examinations in every patient were calculated from 133 follow-up measurements by two assessors and repeated at two different time points. The measurements were analysed using Bland-Altman plots, comparing intra- and inter-observer agreement within and between XR and CT. Results The mean differences in intra- and inter-observer measurements for XR, CT, and between XR and CT were close to zero, implying equal validity. The average intra- and inter-observer limits of agreement for XR, CT, and between XR and CT were +/- 4.4 degrees, +/- 1.9 degrees and +/- 6.8 degrees respectively. Conclusions For scientific purpose, the reliability of XR seems unacceptably low when measuring changes in dorsal angulation in distal radius fractures, whereas the reliability for the semi-automatic CT-based method was higher and is therefore preferable when a more precise method is requested.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Feresiadou, Amalia, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of sCD27 in the cerebrospinal fluid identifies patients with neuroinflammatory disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728 .- 1872-8421. ; 332, s. 31-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Laboratory tests to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroinflammatory diseases are scarce. The soluble form of the CD27 molecule (sCD27) is shed in high concentrations by activated T cells and can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CSF quantitation of sCD27 could discriminate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory neurological diseases.METHODS: The concentration of sCD27 was measured using a commercially available ELISA in 803 well-defined subjects from a study cohort comprised of 338 patients with neuroinflammatory disease, 338 with non-inflammatory neurological disease and 127 controls without neurological disease.RESULTS: The median value of cerebrospinal fluid sCD27 was 64 pg/mL (IQR 0-200) in controls, 58 pg/mL (IQR 0-130) in patients with non-inflammatory disease and 740 pg/mL (IQR 230-1800) in patients with inflammatory disease. The likelihood ratio of having an inflammatory disease was 10 (sensitivity 74% and specificity 93%) if the sCD27 concentration was >250 pg/mL. In patients with a known inflammatory condition, the likelihood ratio of having an infection was 10 (sensitivity 40% and specificity 96%) if the sCD27 concentration was >2500 pg/mL.CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of having an inflammatory neurological condition is increased with elevated concentrations of sCD27 in cerebrospinal fluid. Rapid tests of sCD27 should be developed to assist clinicians in diagnosis of neuroinflammatory disease.
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| 4. |
- Fredriksson, Ingela, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol, drug, tobacco and doping prevention by non-governmental organizations in Sweden 2003–2012
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 25:Suppl. 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In Sweden, there is a strong political belief that non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are important in health promotion and prevention, particularly in the areas of alcohol, drugs, doping and tobacco (ANDT). The Government therefore annually allocates about 2 million euros for this work. This study highlights the involved NGOs, added values and obstacles within NGOs ANDT prevention and conditions required for a successful preventive work.Method: The study is based on 375 project grants including 190 unique projects implemented by 60 NGOs between the years 2003–2012 (Figure 1). In surveys every two years, a total of 168 questionnaires were answered by 112 different project leaders. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used for analysis.Results: There is a wide range and variety of different NGOs working with ANDT prevention. Added value of NGOs prevention work is that they counterbalance the public sector, have a familiarity and cultural competence that are important for the target groups and they possess a unique force in its voluntariness. Perceived barriers are shortterm project funds, time constraints, limited target group, lack of knowledge and trust from the surrounding society. Successful ANDT prevention requires a well-functioning organization with clear structures and support functions, a goal-oriented and knowledge-based work, support from the public sector and R & D as well as collaboration between different actors.Conclusion: With good organisational conditions and proper support NGOs can be an important complement to public ANDT prevention. They have an ability to reach and attract vulnerable target groups not reached by public interventions. There is a unique power and determination in NGOs.Main messages: NGOs play an important role and are an important complement within ANDT prevention. NGOs uniqueness creates an important added value in ANDT prevention.
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| 5. |
- Halvarsson, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported musculoskeletal complaints and injuries and exposure of physical workload in Swedish soldiers serving in Afghanistan
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public library science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Musculoskeletal complaints and injuries (MSCI) are common in military populations. However, only a limited number of studies have followed soldiers during international deployments and investigated the prevalence of MSCI during and at the end of their deployment. The aim was to describe the prevalence of MSCI in different military occupational specialties and categorise their most common tasks in terms of exposures to physical workloads during a six-month long international deployment in Afghanistan. Methods: Cross-sectional survey, including 325 soldiers (300 men), aged 20-62 participating in an international deployment in Afghanistan during the spring of 2012. Soldiers were clustered into different military occupational specialties: Infantry, Administration, Logistics, Logistics/Camp, Medical and Other. Data were collected through the use of the Musculoskeletal Screening Protocol at the end of the international mission. Results: Forty-seven percent reported MSCI during deployment, with 28% at the end. The most common locations of MSCI during the mission were lower back, knee, shoulders, upper back, neck and foot, while the knee and lower back prevailed at the end of the mission. Almost half of the soldiers who had MSCI reported affected work ability. The most common duties during the mission were vehicle patrolling, staff duties, guard/security duties, foot patrols and transportation. Soldiers reported that vehicle patrolling, staff duties and transportation were demanding with respect to endurance strength, guard/security duties challenged both maximum and endurance strength while foot patrolling challenged maximum and endurance strength, aerobic and anaerobic endurance and speed. Conclusions: MSCI during international deployment are common among Swedish soldiers. The results indicate the need to further develop strategies focusing on matching the soldiers' capacity to the job requirements, with relevant and fair physical selection-tests during the recruitment process and proactive interventions targeting MSCI before and during deployment, in order to enhance soldiers' readiness and promote operational readiness.
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| 6. |
- Hantoft, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
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Omvårdnadspersonals upplevelser av att möta döende äldre personer inom hemvården : en kvalitativ intervjustudie
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Äldre personers omvårdnadsbehov blir alltmer komplexa och majoriteten av de äldreönskar att få vård i hemmet den sista tiden i livet och att få lov att dö hemma. Vård aväldre personer med komplexa omvårdnadsbehov och vård i livets slut ställer särskildakrav på omvårdnadspersonal. Syftet med studien var att beskriva omvårdnadspersonalsupplevelser av att möta döende äldre personer inom hemvården. En kvalitativintervjustudie med induktiv ansats har använts för insamling av data. Tio semistruktureradeintervjuer genomfördes i en kommun i nordöstra Skåne som inkluderadehemvårdsområden både på landsbygd och i stadskärna. Resultatet består av följandekategorier: Att vara betydelsefull, Att känna sig otillräcklig, Att känna olust, Att kännalättnad och Att känna sorg och saknad. Omvårdnadspersonal behöver adekvat stödbåde från sjuksköterskan och från det tvärprofessionella teamet samt från organisationoch ledning. För att personalen ska kunna tillgodose döende äldres behov krävsresurser såsom stöd, handledning och ökat kunskapsstöd. Detta behövs för att personalenska kunna utföra god vård men även kunna bearbeta känslor för att utveckla ettempatiskt förhållningssätt när de möter döende äldre personen i hemmet.
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| 7. |
- Hantoft, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
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Omvårdnadspersonals upplevelser av att möta döende äldre personer inom hemvården : en kvalitativ intervjustudie
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Äldre personers omvårdnadsbehov blir alltmer komplexa och majoriteten av de äldreönskar att få vård i hemmet den sista tiden i livet och att få lov att dö hemma. Vård aväldre personer med komplexa omvårdnadsbehov och vård i livets slut ställer särskildakrav på omvårdnadspersonal. Syftet med studien var att beskriva omvårdnadspersonalsupplevelser av att möta döende äldre personer inom hemvården. En kvalitativintervjustudie med induktiv ansats har använts för insamling av data. Tio semistruktureradeintervjuer genomfördes i en kommun i nordöstra Skåne som inkluderadehemvårdsområden både på landsbygd och i stadskärna. Resultatet består av följandekategorier: Att vara betydelsefull, Att känna sig otillräcklig, Att känna olust, Att kännalättnad och Att känna sorg och saknad. Omvårdnadspersonal behöver adekvat stödbåde från sjuksköterskan och från det tvärprofessionella teamet samt från organisationoch ledning. För att personalen ska kunna tillgodose döende äldres behov krävsresurser såsom stöd, handledning och ökatkunskapsstöd. Detta behövs för att personalenska kunna utföra god vård men även kunna bearbeta känslor för att utveckla ettempatiskt förhållningssätt när de möter döende äldre personen i hemmet.
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| 8. |
- Henoch, Ingela, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom dimensions as outcomes in interventions for patients with cancer : A systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oncology Nursing Forum. - : Oncology Nursing Society. - 0190-535X .- 1538-0688. ; 45:2, s. 237-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION: Symptom experience in patients with cancer consists of several dimensions, often measured descriptively within various populations but seldom used as intervention outcomes. This review aims at describing symptom dimensions as outcomes of interventions designed to alleviate symptoms in patients with cancer and to describe these interventions' effects on at least two symptom dimensions. LITERATURE SEARCH: The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews was used. Searches were undertaken in various indexing sites. DATA EVALUATION: Extracted data included design, participants, intervention and control group treatment, targeted symptom dimension, and summary of results. SYNTHESIS: 2,041 articles were identified and 15 were included. The symptom dimensions were intensity, distress, prevalence, frequency, consequences, and quality. Eleven interventions had significant effect on symptom dimensions, mostly on intensity and distress. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Oncology nurses need clinical skills to be able to understand patients' experiences through their narratives. Various interventions are targeted at symptoms, and these need to be implemented to provide evidence-based symptom management.
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| 9. |
- Jakobsson Larsson, Birgitta, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of quality of life in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 136:6, s. 631-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTS: The aim of this prospective and longitudinal study was to describe individual quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and its correlations with physical function and emotional well-being from diagnosis and over time.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients were included in the study. Individual quality of life was measured with the Schedule of Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life-Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW), illness severity was assessed using the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALS FRS-R), and emotional distress was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were collected from diagnosis and thereafter, every six months for a period of two years. Twelve patients completed the 24-month follow-up.RESULTS: Family, friends and own physical health were important for overall quality of life, from diagnosis and during the disease progression. Most patients had good quality of life, which remained stable, despite changed physical functions. Several patients scored above the cut-off score for doubtful and clinical anxiety and depression early on after diagnosis, and there was a significant decrease in anxiety over time. Soon after diagnosis, there was a correlation between depression and quality of life.CONCLUSION: The family, social relations and own physical health are important for overall quality of life in patients with ALS. Thus, supporting the family and facilitating so that patients can continue to stay in contact with friends are important aspects during the disease. Conducting an early screening for depression can be important for preventing decreased quality of life.
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| 10. |
- Jakobsson Larsson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Coping with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; from diagnosis and during disease progression
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of the Neurological Sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-510X .- 1878-5883. ; 361, s. 235-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To evaluate coping strategies among patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis starting with diagnosis and during the disease progression, as well as investigate changes and correlations between coping strategies, emotional well-being and physical function. A total of 36 patients participated in the study. The patients filled out the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Motor Neuron Disease Coping Scale. Physical function was measured using the revised ALS functional rating scale. Data were collected regularly from diagnosis and over a two years period. As a way to cope with the disease patients relied on both problem focused and emotional focused strategies. The use of coping strategies remained stable. Both physical disabilities and emotional well-being was related to some coping strategies, with some variation during the disease progression. Moreover, some coping strategies were related to symptoms of anxiety and depression. Irrespective of whether the coping strategies affect the emotional well-being or vice versa, the results show the importance of early and continuous evaluation of coping and emotional well-being to ease the emotional distress and provide support to the patient so that he/she can cope with the disease during the disease progression.
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