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- Lunsjö, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Extramedullary fixation of 569 unstable intertrochanteric fractures: a randomized multicenter trial of the Medoff sliding plate versus three other screw-plate systems
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 72, s. 133-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared the efficacy of the Medoff sliding plate (MSP) with 3 other screw-plate systems for fixation of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in a randomized multicenter trial of 569 elderly patients. The MSP has biaxial dynamic capacity along both the neck and the shaft of the femur unlike the other systems, which lack dynamic capacity along the shaft. 268 fractures were operated on with the MSP, and 301 with the dynamic hip screw (DHS), with or without a trochanteric stabilizing plate (DHS/TSP) or with the dynamic condylar screw (DCS). The MSP had recently been shown to the surgeons.The patients in the groups were similar as regards age, domestic situation, preinjury walking ability and type of fracture. We followed the patients clinically and radiographically for at least 1 year. There was no significant difference in walking ability at follow-up or rate of return to home. Fixation failure occurred in 18/268 fractures operated on with the MSP, in 8/238 with the DHS, in 3/49 with the DHS/TSP and in 1/14 with the DCS. The difference in the rate of fixation failure was not statistically significant when the MSP group was compared to the 3 other groups. In 14 of the 18 fixation failures in the MSP group, the biaxial dynamic capacity of the MSP had not been used due to technical errors by surgeons, unfamiliar with the new method. No selection bias was found regarding fracture types in the 2 subgroups of patients with correct or inadequate biaxial dynamization. Extramedullary fixation of unstable intertrochanteric fractures with these implants showed a low failure rate. When using the MSP, biaxial dynamization must be correctly performed.
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| 4. |
- Björklund, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment with lignin residue - A novel method for detoxification of lignocellulose hydrolysates
- 2002
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Ingår i: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - 1559-0291. ; 98, s. 563-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acid hydrolysis of lignocellulose to hydrolysates intended for production of fuel ethanol results in the formation of byproducts in addition to fermentable sugars. Some of the byproducts, such as phenolic compounds and furan aldehydes, are inhibitory to the fermenting microorganism. Detoxification of the hydrolysates may be necessary for production of ethanol at a satisfactory rate and yield. The lignin residue obtained after hydrolysis is a material with hydrophobic properties that is produced in large amounts as a byproduct within an ethanol production process based on lignocellulosic raw materials. We have explored the possibility of using this lignin residue for detoxification of spruce dilute-acid hydrolysates prior to fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three dilute-acid hydrolysates of spruce were treated with lignin residue, which in all cases resulted in improved fermentability in terms of productivity and yield of ethanol. The effect was improved by washing the lignin before treatment, by using larger amounts of lignin in the treatment, and by performing the treatment at low temperature. Treatment with the lignin residue removed up to 53% of the phenolic compounds and up to 68% of the furan aldehydes in a spruce dilute-acid hydrolysate. A larger fraction of furfural was removed compared to the less hydrophobic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Kåre, et al.
(författare)
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Dermal exposure to terpenic resin acids in Swedish carpentry workshops and sawmills
- 2004
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Ingår i: Annals of Occupational Hygiene. - : Oxford University Press. - 0003-4878 .- 1475-3162. ; 48:3, s. 267-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate dermal exposure to the resin acids abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and 7-oxodehydroabietic acid during collecting in sawmills and during sawing in carpentry workshops, respectively. METHODS: Sampling was performed by fastening patches at 12 different areas on a sampling overall, one patch on the front of a cap, one patch on the chest inside the clothing and one patch on the inner lower right leg. Exposure of the hands was assessed by fastening patches on cotton gloves representing the dorsal sides and the palms of the left and right hands. Sampling was performed on 30 different occasions in the sawmills and in the carpentry workshops with mean sampling times of 120 and 59 min, respectively. The acids were solvent desorbed from the patches. Identification and quantification of the resin acids was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The geometric means (GMs) of the potential body exposures to abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and 7-oxodehydroabietic acid during sawing and collecting of wood from pine and spruce were 3346 and 17 247 micro g/h, respectively. The GM of the potential exposure on the hands was 3020 micro g/h in the carpentry workshops and 4365 micro g/h in the sawmills. Resin acids were detected on the inner chest and inner lower front right leg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There is a potential dermal exposure to terpenic resin acids in carpentry workshops as well as in sawmills. The hands have the highest exposure during sawing as well as during collecting. There is a spatial distribution of contaminants, with the outer chest, arms and legs showing the highest exposures. Resin acids also contaminated the inner chest and inner lower leg. It is necessary to take action to reduce dermal exposure to these allergenic substances.
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| 7. |
- Espling, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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RLP Rød-lysprosjektet
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ofotenbanan mellan Narvik-Riksgränsen är 42 km lång och Norges mest belastade järnvägslinje. Banan har en konstant fallhöjd från 590 m över havet vid Bjørnfjell ned till några få meter över havet vid hamnen i Narvik. Ca 55% av sträckan har en kurvradie som understiger 600 meter. Banan trafikeras av tunga malmtåg (axellast 25 ton, inom två år 30 ton) samt persontåg, ARE (=Arctic Rail Express) containertåg och arbetsfordon. Det tågledningssystem som används på Ofotenbanan bygger på att man har spårledningar som sektionerar spåravsnitt så att det är möjligt att detektera närvaro respektive icke närvaro av ett fordon/banararbete. Detta sker genom att rälerna kortsluts av fordonsaxlar eller kortslutningsdon. Sektionering sker med hjälp av isolerskarvar som förhindrar att spårströmmar passerar till nästa spårsektion. Isolerskarvarna är kopplade till optiska signaler som slår om till rött då överledning av ström sker mellan rälerna eller över en isolerskarv. Det senare inträffar på grund av övervalsning av rälmaterial, nedböjning eller att magnetiskt järnspån lägger över det isolerande mellanlägget i isolerskarven. Rödljuskörningarna antas i stor utsträckning vara kopplade till fel på isolerskarvar. För att finna förklaringar och möjliga lösningar på dagens problem med tågstörningar så har Jernbaneverket i Narvik initierat ett nytt projekt under namnet Rød-lys. Projektgruppen har i sin tur kontaktat det järnvägstekniska centrumet (JvtC) vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet för att få hjälp i arbetet. Arbetet har delats in i två delområden. I det ena delområdet (befintligt system) har arbetet koncentrerats på att beskriva nuläget samt att se om det är möjligt att modifiera underhåll och konstruktion på dagens isolerskarvar. Metod har varit insamling av empirisk data från databaser, manuella system och intervjuer samt fältmätningar och tillståndskontroll. I det andra delområdet (framtida system) har en kartläggning av alternativa positioneringssystem genomförts. Metod har varit datainsamling via Internet, Banverkets förstudierapport BT 98019, intervjuer och offerter. Resultatet av arbetet visar på att nuvarande isolerskarvar genererar problem. Detta bland annat beroende på att skarvarna är dåligt underhållna. Skarvar av typ EXEL verkar inte ha bättre hållbarhet än de övriga medan man i Sverige har goda erfarenheter av den skarven på Malmbanan. Ett alternativ är den franska förlimmade skarven med 6 bultar som också visat goda egenskaper i Sverige, dock ännu inte nyttjad på Malmbanan. För bl.a. EXEL- skarven gäller att den måste underhållas t.ex. vad gäller momentdragning. Vi har också lämnat förslag på åtgärd som kan minska problemen med spånbrygga och övervalsning hos skarvarna men det tycks inte vara möjligt att uppnå en 0-vision (0 fel). För detta erfordras enligt vår bedömning ny teknik som ersätter isolerskarvarna. Av de alternativa teknikerna till isolerskarvar tycks frekvensspårledningar vara att föredra. De finns i kommersiell drift på många håll, bl.a. på Gardermobanan i Norge. Kostnaden för sådana system verkar också rimlig, ca 250-300 000 SEK per spårledning. En reservation gäller deras störtålighet. Vid tågdrift med växelströmslok har ibland störningar från loket påverkat spårledningen.
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| 8. |
- Hynes, Sean, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative chemical and biological characterization of the lipopolysaccharides of gastric and enterohepatic helicobacters
- 2004
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Ingår i: Helicobacter. - : Wiley. - 1083-4389 .- 1523-5378. ; 9:4, s. 313-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The lipopolysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in colonization and pathogenicity. The present study sought to compare structural and biological features of lipopolysaccharides from gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. not previously characterized.Materials and methods. Purified lipopolysaccharides from four gastric Helicobacter spp. (H. pylori, Helicobacter felis, Helicobacter bizzozeronii and Helicobacter mustelae) and four enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. (Helicobacter hepaticus, Helicobacter bilis, Helicobacter sp. flexispira and Helicobacter pullorum) were structurally characterized using electrophoretic, serological and chemical methods.Results. Structural insights into all three moieties of the lipopolysaccharides, i.e. lipid A, core and O-polysaccharide chains, were gained. All species expressed lipopolysaccharides bearing an O-polysaccharide chain, but H. mustelae and H. hepaticus produced truncated semirough lipopolysaccharides. However, in contrast to lipopolysaccharides of H. pylori and H. mustelae, no blood group mimicry was detected in the other Helicobacter spp. examined. Intra-species, but not interspecies, fatty acid profiles of lipopolysaccharides were identical within the genus. Although shared lipopolysaccharide-core epitopes with H. pylori occurred, differing structural characteristics were noted in this lipopolysaccharide region of some Helicobacter spp. The lipopolysaccharides of the gastric helicobacters, H. bizzozeronii and H. mustelae, had relative Limulus amoebocyte lysate activities which clustered around that of H. pylori lipopolysaccharide, whereas H. bilis, Helicobacter sp. flexispira and H. hepaticus formed a cluster with approximately 100010,000-fold lower activities. H. pullorum lipopolysaccharide had the highest relative Limulus amoebocyte lysate activity of all the helicobacter lipopolysaccharides (10-fold higher than that of H. pylori lipopolysaccharide), and all the lipopolysaccharides of enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. were capable of inducing nuclear factor-Kappa B(NF-B) activation.Conclusions. The collective results demonstrate the structural heterogeneity and pathogenic potential of lipopolysaccharides of the Helicobacter genus as a group and these differences in lipopolysaccharides may be indicative of adaptation of the bacteria to different ecological niches.
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| 9. |
- Isaksson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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In memory of Arvid Wretlind 1919-2002
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning. - 1102-6480 .- 1651-2359. ; 46:3, s. 117-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Larsson, Bengt, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Do the building material suppliers use Information Technology less often or less efficiently than other lines of business?
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We know that companies handle their internal processes in different ways. But how do these different approaches affect the way they use information technology? In this paper we will focus the building supply companies and their use of IT. A major survey on manufacturing companies has been carried through in four regions of Sweden. The survey is about finding out to what extent Best Practice is used within the companies and 220 questions have been put to the CEOs of the firms. These questions were grouped into six categories. One of the processes that have been studied is the use of IT. In this survey all of the companies came from the county of Örebro and the region of outer Gothenburg. When this study was carried through it was noticed that the building material suppliers used the IT differently or less efficiently compared to other lines of business. For example, the employees of the building material suppliers seem to use the PC less often than most of other lines of businesses, even though they have the same IT resources. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of IT within the group of building material suppliers compared to other lines of business and also how an improved use of IT in the building supply company can increase the efficiency of construction projects.
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