| 1. |
- Bachmann, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Prosit! : må det gagna. Verksamhetsutveckling över förvaltningsgränser
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prosit är ett projekt som går ut på att utveckla samarbetet mellan folkbibliotek och omsorg och/eller äldreomsorg på olika nivåer genom att skapa nya eller förankra redan befintliga kontakter. Genom projektet skapas förutsättningar för bred samverkan med olika aktörer och metodutveckling för den socialt uppsökande verksamheten på folkbiblioteken. I förlängningen är syftet att äldre och personer med funktionsnedsättning ska få tillgång till kultur som biblioteket kan stå till tjänst med. Projektet Prosit drivs av sex läns- och regionbibliotek i Mellansverige (Stockholm, Värmland, Västmanland, Sörmland och Gotland). Fjorton kommuner i dessa län ingår i projektet. Projektägare är Regionbibliotek Stockholm. I slutet av 2008 beviljades Prosit medel från Statens kulturråd och enligt planerna ska projektet pågå 2009 till 2011. Just nu, under 2010, pågår arbete både på en övergripande strategisk nivå och mera praktiskt ute i kommunerna.
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| 2. |
- Beecham, Ashley H, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of immune-related loci identifies 48 new susceptibility variants for multiple sclerosis.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 45:11, s. 1353-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the ImmunoChip custom genotyping array, we analyzed 14,498 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 24,091 healthy controls for 161,311 autosomal variants and identified 135 potentially associated regions (P < 1.0 × 10(-4)). In a replication phase, we combined these data with previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from an independent 14,802 subjects with multiple sclerosis and 26,703 healthy controls. In these 80,094 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 48 new susceptibility variants (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)), 3 of which we found after conditioning on previously identified variants. Thus, there are now 110 established multiple sclerosis risk variants at 103 discrete loci outside of the major histocompatibility complex. With high-resolution Bayesian fine mapping, we identified five regions where one variant accounted for more than 50% of the posterior probability of association. This study enhances the catalog of multiple sclerosis risk variants and illustrates the value of fine mapping in the resolution of GWAS signals.
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| 3. |
- Clawson, Corbin, et al.
(författare)
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Delivery of a peptide via poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles enhances its dendritic cell-stimulatory capacity
- 2010
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Ingår i: NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. - : Future Medicine. - 1549-9634. ; 6:5, s. 651-661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nanoparticles (NPs) are attractive carriers for vaccines. We have previously shown that a short peptide (Hp91) activates dendritic cells (DCs), which are critical for initiation of immune responses. In an effort to develop Hp91 as a vaccine adjuvant with NP carriers, we evaluated its activity when encapsulated in or conjugated to the surface of poly(D, L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) NPs. We found that Hp91, when encapsulated in or conjugated to the surface of PLGA-NPs, not only activates both human and mouse DCs, but is in fact more potent than free Hp91. Hp91 packaged within NPs was about fivefold more potent than the free peptide, and Hp91 conjugated to the surface of NPs was similar to 20-fold more potent than free Hp91. Because of their capacity to activate DCs, such NP-Hp91 systems are promising as delivery vehicles for subunit vaccines against infectious disease or cancer.
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| 4. |
- Khoschnau, Shwan, et al.
(författare)
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MRI without contrast is an unreliable method for detection of capsular reaction following shoulder surgery
- 2012
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Background Subacromial decompression is a common surgical procedure in patients with subacromial outlet impingement. The results are often good, although some patients develop adhesive capsulitis with postoperative pain and stiffness. The main aim of the present study was to analyze the reaction of the joint capsule 3 months after subacromial decompression using MRI without contrast. We also wanted to study if there was a relation between the capsular reaction and the Constant score (CS) or the subjective shoulder value (SSV).MethodsForty-eight patients with a median age of fifty-six years underwent subacromial decompression with or without AC-joint resection. They were investigated with a standard x ray and MRI pre surgery and MRI three months after surgery. The CS and SSV were measured preoperatively and at three months, six months, and two years postoperatively for SSV. Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently evaluated the MRI images and used a scoring system from 0-7. ResultsThe relationship between the baseline CS and the MRI pre-surgery score was significant for both raters. There were a significant difference between the raters’ pre and post-surgery average MRI scores, which simply means that there was a difference found in the average score between baseline and three months. However, the inter-rater reliability was poor. The improvement in the CS from baseline to three and six months postoperation was significant. The subjective shoulder value improved at three, six and 24 months after surgery.ConclusionsMRI is an unreliable method to study capsular reaction in the shoulder joint due to the high subjectivity of the radiologists. Considerable improvements were observed in the CS and the SSV.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Ylva Hedin, et al.
(författare)
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The body image and relationship scale : A Swedish translation, cultural adaptation, and reliability and validity testing
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177. ; 16:2, s. 67-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. Testing a newly developed Swedish version of the Body Image and Relationship Scale (BIRS) for test-retest reliability, convergent validity and inter-item analysis in a Swedish context for breast cancer survivors. Methods. A Swedish BIRS version, translation involving the input of experts and breast cancer survivors, with 41 items (BIRS-S) and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) were sent to a sample of 100 breast cancer survivors, mean age 61.7 years, diagnosed with breast cancer 20-42 months prior to the study. Retest was completed within 2-3 weeks. Results. 71 persons completed both dispatches. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha for the BIRS-S total was satisfactory 0.96 (range 0.87-0.93 for the three subscales). Intra-class correlation for the three subscales ranged between 0.88 to 0.93 revealing test-retest to be satisfactory. Convergent validity between the BIRS-S and SF-36 Physical Composite Score was - 0.68 for BIRS-S total. Convergent validity between the BIRS-S and SF-36 Mental Composite Score was - 0.65 for BIRS-S total. Inter-item analysis revealed the correlation between the original BIRS and the BIRS -S to be 0.98 for all three subscales. The new items correlated with the original BIRS ranging from 0.51 to 0.81 and with the BIRS-S ranging between 0.62 and 0.81. Conclusion. The BIRS-S demonstrates satisfactory test-retest reliability and validity according to the primary hypothesis of a moderate correlation to SF-36. It is not a new scale but an adapted version of the original instrument including specific areas of importance for Swedish breast cancer survivors.
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| 6. |
- Levänen, Bettina, et al.
(författare)
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Altered microRNA profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomes in asthmatic patients.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 131:3, s. 894-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Asthma is characterized by increased airway narrowing in response to nonspecific stimuli. The disorder is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles of endosomal origin released from inflammatory and epithelial cells that have been implicated in asthma. In this study we characterized the microRNA (miRNA) content of exosomes in healthy control subjects and patients with mild intermittent asthma both at unprovoked baseline and in response to environmental challenge.OBJECTIVE: To investigate alterations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) exosomal miRNA profiles due to asthma, and following subway air exposure.METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from BALF from healthy control subjects (n = 10) and patients with mild intermittent asthma (n = 10) after subway and control exposures. Exosomal RNA was analyzed by using microarrays containing probes for 894 human miRNAs, and selected findings were validated with quantitative RT-PCR. Results were analyzed by using multivariate modeling.RESULTS: The presence of miRNAs was confirmed in exosomes from BALF of both asthmatic patients and healthy control subjects. Significant differences in BALF exosomal miRNA was detected for 24 miRNAs with a subset of 16 miRNAs, including members of the let-7 and miRNA-200 families, providing robust classification of patients with mild nonsymptomatic asthma from healthy subjects with 72% cross-validated predictive power (Q(2) = 0.72). In contrast, subway exposure did not cause any significant alterations in miRNA profiles.CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate substantial differences in exosomal miRNA profiles between healthy subjects and patients with unprovoked, mild, stable asthma. These changes might be important in the inflammatory response leading to bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma.
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| 7. |
- Saenz, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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TLR4-dependent activation of dendritic cells by an HMGB1-derived peptide adjuvant
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1479-5876. ; 12:211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) acts as an endogenous danger molecule that is released from necrotic cells and activated macrophages. We have previously shown that peptide Hp91, whose sequence corresponds to an area within the B-Box domain of HMGB1, activates dendritic cells (DCs) and acts as an adjuvant in vivo. Here we investigated the underlying mechanisms of Hp91-mediated DC activation. Hp91-induced secretion of IL-6 was dependent on clathrin-and dynamin-driven endocytosis of Hp91 and mediated through a MyD88- and TLR4-dependent pathway involving p38 MAPK and NF kappa B. Endosomal TLR4 has been shown to activate the MyD88-independent interferon pathway. Hp91-induced activation of pIRF3 and IL-6 secretion was reduced in IFN alpha beta R knockout DCs, suggesting an amplification loop via the IFN alpha beta R. These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which Hp91 acts as immunostimulatory peptide and may serve as a guide for the future development of synthetic Th1-type peptide adjuvants for vaccines.
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| 8. |
- Sawcer, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 476:7359, s. 214-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
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| 9. |
- Stenberg, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Effektivitet, säkerhet och pengar : Att hantera skilda effektivitetsperspektiv i räddningstjänsten
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Styrmodeller och organisationsperspektiv för offentlig verksamhet och kostnadseffektivitet som är inspirerade av privat näringsverksamhet och industriell produktion har fått stort genomslag inom offentlig administrativ logik och praktik. Det gäller också styrningen av responssystemets aktörer där det framgår att mötet mellan vad som populärt kallas New Public Management och räddningstjänst omfattat av oro, konflikter och intern turbulens. Frånsett gemensamt fokus på säkerhet har de administrativa och politiska delarna av många förbund, tydligt fokus på kostnadseffektivitet i enlighet med Lean produktionsstyrning medan operativa delar av organisationen har tydligt fokus på arbetsmiljö och risker vilket omfattar andra perspektiv på vad effektivitet är.Studiens syfte var att beskriva skillnader mellan olika effektivitetsperspektiv och dra slutsatser kring konsekvenserna av dem i organisering av räddningstjänstförbund samt att börja skissera förslag till arbetssätt och metoder för hantering av olika effektivitetsperspektiv.Studien genomfördes med kvalitativa fallstudier av två räddningstjänstförbund: Räddningstjänst-förbundet Östra Götaland (RTÖG) och Mälardalens Brand- och Räddningsförbund (MBR). Sju personer, såväl brandmän som chefer i de två förbunden har intervjuats och ytterligare en person har avgett synpunkter på texten. interna dokument har studerats. Som komplement till intervjuerna har de intervjuade fått rangorda mål som kan kopplas till olika former av effektivitet samt av hur de förväntar sig att andra grupper rangordnar. Insamlade data har tematiserats och analyserats kvalitativt, samt positioneras utifrån en narrativ modell över olika effektivitetsperspektiv. Resultatet av den tematiska analysen har analyserats med induktiva jämförelser med och mellan HRO perspektiv och Lean och Agile produktionsstrategier.I den tematiska analysen återfanns sex breda teman ”Yrkets omvandling”, ”Att bygga upp ett kommunalförbund inom räddningstjänst”, ”Effektivitet”, ”Organisering”, ”Trygghet och Säkerhet”, ”Utveckling framöver”. En analys av fördelningen över olika perspektiv på effektivitet visade en stark överbetoning på ett reduktionistiskt synsätt och detaljstyrning. Problem med effektivitet uttrycktes i enlighet med ett perspektiv men lösningar föreslogs som uppfyllde en annan effektivitet, vanligen föreslogs lösningar inom insatseffektivitet. Det gällde också mjuka effektivitetsvärden som delaktighet, medvetenhet, värdegemenskap. Resultatet visade att såväl cheferna som brandmännen rangordnade vad som är allra viktigast på exakt samma sätt men att förväntningar på andra var stereotypa.Bland de perspektiv på effektivitet som stod i konflikt med varandra fanns tre huvudmotsättningar som också kunde relateras till motsättningar mellan organisationsrecepten” HRO och Lean som samexisterade i de studerade räddningstjänstförbunden och inte var kompatibla i alla sina delar. Motsättningarna gällde: Ambition om kostnadseffektivitet som ställdes mot ambition om säkerhet, behov av standardisering som ställdes mot behov av flexibilitet och ideal i form av avskalad effektivitet som ställdes mot behov av överkapacitet och redundans. Genom att kombinera Lean och HRO med ytterligare ett organisationsrecept: Agile produktion kan här motsättningarna minimeras. Det talar för vikten av att vara uppmärksam på vilka ideal och implicita värden som följer med de organisations och produktionsstrategier man använder sig av, och att kritiskt och medvetet välja produktionsekonomiska strategier som uppfyller de krav verksamheten ställer samt att vara beredd att modifiera och utveckla dem efter den egna verksamhetens behov.
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